226 Index Muharijun, 76 Muhammad Uzbeg Khan, 103 al-Muhassan, 126 al-Muhtadi, caliph, 57 al-Mu'izz, Fatimid caliph, 160 al-Mukarram, 115, 137, 138, 140, 136-7, 150, 154-5 mulk (earthly power), 10-11, 71 al-Muntasir, caliph, 57 al-Muqtadi, caliph, 28 al-Muqtadir, caliph, 42 al-Murakushi, 'Abd al-Wahid, 49 Musaylima al-Kadhdhab, 119 music, 55 al-Musta'in, caliph, 57 al-Musta'li, 156, 157 al-Mustansir, Abbasid caliph, 89-90, 94 al-Mustansir, Fatimid caliph, 132, 134, 149-51, 154, 155, 156, 158 al-Mustarshid, caliph, 151 al-Musta'sim, caliph, 24, 28, 29, 90 al-Mu'tamid, caliph, 38 al-Mutawakkil, caliph, 57, 58 muwali (non-Arab converts), 121 Myriam, sultana <strong>of</strong> Maldives, 108 al-Nafs al-Zakiyya, 149-53 Najib al-Dawla, 157 nasab (lineage), 126 al-nashiz (rebellious woman), 177 Nawar, 83-4 Nestorian sect, 21 Nisa'i, Imam, 80-1 Nizar Ibn al-Mustansir, 156 Nizar Qabbani, 212 Nur al-'Alam Nakiyyat al-Din Shah, 30, 110 Ottoman caliphs, 22, 24 Padishah Khatun, 21, 99, 100, 101-2 parliamentary politics see democracy party, political see hizb passion, ruler misled by, 39-41 path or way in <strong>Islam</strong>, 12 people, common see 'amma Persia: Absh Khatun's rule, 104; culture, 55; Kutlugh-Khanids, 21, 99, 100-2; Shi'ism, 122, 125, 129 pilgrimage see under Mecca piracy, 18-19 poetry, 55 politics: link with <strong>Islam</strong>, 5, 32, 71, 74, 133; mosque as arena, 75, 79; women rulers as threat to order, 12-13, 66, 176, 177, 185; see also aristocracy; caliphate; democracy polyandry, 118 polygyny, 13, 53-4, 98 power, earthly see mulk pre-<strong>Islam</strong>ic era: aristocracy, 15, 122; pilgrimage to Mecca, 63, 132-3; rulers <strong>of</strong> Sheba, 119, 141; women's status, 83 prisoners <strong>of</strong> conscience, 187 Prophet see Muhammad, the Prophet prophets (al-anbiya), 11 qadis, 20, 182 al-Qannuji, Muhammad Sadiq, 82, 143 Qasim, Ilkhan kingdom <strong>of</strong>, 106 Qum, 153 Quraysh, 15, 23-4, 122 Qutb al-Din Aybak, 93 Qutb al-Din (Kutlugh Khan), 100 al-Rabi, Ibn Yurus, 61 race and attitudes to women rulers, 86, 110-11, 117-18 Radiyya, 13-14, 30, 86, 88, 89-90, 93-7, 110 al-Rahawi, Amir Ibn 'Abdallah, 129, 130, 131-2 al-Rashid, caliph, 151
Rayta, 55, 65 reason, (al-'aql), 34 rebellion: governors' excesses and, 119, 120; khutba as tool, 72; women's, 84-6, 177 religious leaders, female, 20, 148-9 resistance, 16, 84-6 revelation, great, 131 ridda (apostasy movement), 119 Roman Empire: currency 73; expeditions against, 58, 162; slaves from, 44, 57, 59, 60, 160, 161 royalty, cult <strong>of</strong>, 122 Rukn al-Din (Kutlugh Khan), 100 Rukn al-Din, sultan <strong>of</strong> Delhi, 13, 94, 95-6 Saba Ibn Ahmad al-Sulayhi, 147, 148-9, 154, 155-6 Sabiha Malika Qurtuba (Subh), 44-9 al-Safah, caliph, 152 Safavid dynasty, 129 Safiyya, 56 Safwat al-Din Khatun see Padishah Khatun Sa'id Ibn Najah, 136, 138, 145, 147-8 Salah al-Din Ibn Ayyub (Saladin), 89 al-Salih Najm al-Din Ayyub, 28-9, 89, 91, 98 Salim I, Ottoman caliph, 24 Sallama, 57, 152 Salsal, 53 San'a, 20, 129, 134, 148, 155 al-Sarim Uzbek, 21 Sati Bek, 105 sayyid, sayyida, 15, 42, 115 Sayyida al-Hurra, 18-19 Seljuk Shah, 104 Seljuks, 27-8, 99, 104 sexual techniques, 59 Index 227 al-Shafi'i, Muhammad Ibn Idris, 33 Shaghab (Umm al-Muqtadir), 42-3, 44 Shah Walad, 106 Shahanshah, 41, 71-2 Shajarat, 30 Shajarat al-Durr, 14, 28-9, 86, 89, 90-3, 97-9, 110 shari'a (divine law), 10-12, 13, 33; on slavery, 52-3, 53-4; and women, 30, 33, 53-4, 152 Sharif, Nawaz, 1-2, 13 Sharya, 55 Sheba, 118, 119; queen <strong>of</strong>, see Balqis Shi'ism: civil war (38/656), 120-1; etymology <strong>of</strong> shi'a, 122-4; al- Hakim's extremism, 173-4; imamate, 129, 134, 151, 154; Malikshah and, 28; Mecca taken by forces, 129, 134; origins, 66, 118-21; rebellion (1052), in Bagdad, 72; secrecy, 124-5, 130-1, 132, 134, 139, 164-5; 'Umar Ibn 'Abd al-'Aziz and, 40; women (political role), 149-55, 157, 176, (spiritual leadership), 148-9; Yemen, 115-38, 148; see also Alamut; da'i', Isma'ilism; and under Fatimids; imamate; Persia Shiraz, 82, 104 Sijelmassa, 127 Sir a, 83 sitt (lady), 19-20 Sitt al-'Ajam, 20 Sitt al-'Arab, 20 Sitt al-Mulk, 19-20, 129, 159-78 Sitt al-Qudat, 20 slaves, 14-15, 37-50; caliphs born <strong>of</strong> slave mothers, 44, 55-6, 57, 152; characteristics, 59-60; education, 46-7, 54, 55, 58, 59; equality in <strong>Islam</strong>, 56, 60; former
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The Forgotten Queens of Islam
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The Forgotten Queens of Islam FATIM
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Contents Introduction: Was Benazir
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Introduction Was Benazir Bhutto the
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Was Benazir Bhutto the First? 3 one
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Was Benazir Bhutto the First? 5 upo
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PART Queens and Courtesans I
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1 How Does One Say 'Queen' in Islam
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How Does One Say 'Queen' in Islam?
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How Does One Say 'Queen' in Islam?
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How Does One Say 'Queen' in Islam?
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How Does One Say 'Queen' in Islam?
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How Does One Say 'Queen' in Islam?
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How Does One Say 'Queen' in Islam?
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How Does One Say 'Queen' in Islam?
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The Caliph and the Queen 27 spiritu
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The Caliph and the Queen 29 the non
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The Caliph and the Queen 31 that ge
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According to Ibn Rushd: The Caliph
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The Caliph and the Queen 35 positio
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3 The jawari or Revolution in the H
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PART Sovereignty in Islam II
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Fifteen Queens 89 woman, beginning
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Fifteen Queens 97 hers. The army (a
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PART III The Arab Queens
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The Lady of Cairo 161 and Jews - ha
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The Lady of Cairo 163 Mulk with his
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The Lady of Cairo 165 astrological
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The Lady of Cairo 167 of the idea i
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The Lady of Cairo 169 and forbade t
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The Lady of Cairo 111 days the peop
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The Lady of Cairo 173 were executed
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