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38 Internet of Things Strategic Research and Innovation Agenda
◦ Waste management, not just general waste, but also electrical
devices and various dangerous goods are important
and challenging topics in every society.
◦ Efficient utilization of various energy and natural resources
are important for the development of a country and the
protection of its resources.
• To create new jobs and ensure existing ones are sustainable —
these are important issues required to maintain a high level quality
of living.
Enterprises, as the third category of IoT users have different needs and different
drivers that can potentially push the introduction of IoT-based solutions.
Examples of the needs are as follows:
• Increased productivity — this is at the core of most enterprises and
affects the success and profitability of the enterprise;
• Market differentiation — in a market saturated with similar products
and solutions, it is important to differentiate, and IoT is one
of the possible differentiators;
• Cost efficiency — reducing the cost of running a business is a
“mantra” for most of the CEOs. Better utilization of resources,
better information used in the decision process or reduced downtime
are some of the possible ways to achieve this.
The explanations of the needs of each of these three categories are given from a
European perspective. To gain full understanding of these issues, it is important
to capture and analyse how these needs are changing across the world. With
such a complete picture, we will be able to drive IoT developments in the right
direction.
Another important topic which needs to be understood is the business
rationale behind each application. In other words, understanding the value an
application creates.
Important research questions are: who takes the cost of creating that value;
what are the revenue models and incentives for participating, using or contributing
to an application? Again due to the diversity of the IoT application
domain and different driving forces behind different applications, it will not