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2.3 IoT Applications 41
Fig. 2.17 A day in the life of a typical European citizen of a smart city.
(Source: Swisscom, [34]).
• Mechanisms for cost efficient deployment and even more important
maintenance of such installations, including energy scavenging
• Ensuring reliable readings from a plethora of sensors and efficient
calibration of a large number of sensors deployed everywhere from
lamp-posts to waste bins
• Low energy protocols and algorithms
• Algorithms for analysis and processing of data acquired in the city
and making “sense” out of it.
• IoT large scale deployment and integration
2.3.2 Smart Energy and the Smart Grid
There is increasing public awareness about the changing paradigm of our policy
in energy supply, consumption and infrastructure. For several reasons our
future energy supply should no longer be based on fossil resources. Neither
is nuclear energy a future proof option. In consequence future energy supply
needs to be based largely on various renewable resources. Increasingly focus