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Appendix Table A.2 (continued)Full Program ControlCharacteristic Sample Group GroupRegion in which respondent’s mother was born f (%)North America 91.8 90.2 93.4 *Asia 0.3 0.2 0.5Latin America and the Caribbean 5.6 6.5 4.8Other e 2.3 3.1 1.4 *Sample size 898 451 447SOURCE: MDRC calculations using Baseline Information Form (BIF) data.NOTES: Rounding may cause slight discrepancies in sums and differences.A two-tailed t-test was applied to differences between research groups. Statistical significance levels areindicated as: *** = 1 percent; ** = 5 percent; * = 10 percent.Estimates are adjusted by cohort.To analyze whether baseline characteristics jointly predicted research group status, a likelihood ratio test wasperformed, which yielded a p-value of 0.15. Convention suggests that this probability is large enough that thesepotential differences can be ignored in the analyses.Italics indicate nonexperimental data. Significance tests are not calculated for nonexperimental data.aRespondents who indicated that they are Hispanic and who chose a race are included only in theHispanic/Latino category.b“Other race” includes American Indians/Alaskan Natives and those who marked “other race/ethnicity” ormore than one racial category.cBenefits include Unemployment/Dislocated Worker benefits, Supplemental Security Income (SSI) ordisability, cash assistance or welfare, food stamps, and Section 8 or public housing.dDistributions may not add to 100 percent because categories are not mutually exclusive.eThis category includes the Baltics, the Commonwealth of Independent States, eastern and western Europe,North Africa, Sub-Saharan Africa, the Near East, and Oceania. The Commonwealth of Independent States includesArmenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Republic of Moldova, Russia, Tajikistan,Turkmenistan (until August 2005), Ukraine, and Uzbekistan. Countries are grouped by region according to theU.S. Bureau of the Census, International Data Base.fThe majority of respondents reported that both parents were born in the same region as each other.76
Full Program ControlCharacteristic Sample Group GroupGender (%)Male 28.1 28.1 28.1Female 71.9 71.9 71.9Age in years (%)18-20 38.0 38.1 37.821-25 32.4 32.6 32.226-30 19.5 18.7 20.331-34 10.2 10.6 9.7Average age (years) 23.3 23.4 23.3Marital status (%)Married 14.5 12.9 16.2Unmarried 85.5 87.1 83.8Race/ethnicity (%)The Opening Doors DemonstrationAppendix Table A.3Selected Characteristics of Sample Members at Baseline:Owens Community CollegeLorain County Community College and Owens Community College ReportHispanic/Latino a 8.3 8.9 7.8Black, non-Hispanic 36.4 39.3 33.4 **White, non-Hispanic 50.7 46.9 54.6 ***Asian or Pacific Islander 0.9 1.5 0.3 **Other b 3.7 3.5 4.0Has one child or more (%) 51.4 51.0 51.7Among sample members with children,average age of youngest child (years) 3.0 3.1 2.9Average household size, excluding roommates or boarders 3.4 3.4 3.3Household receiving any of the following benefits c (%)Unemployment/Dislocated Worker benefits 4.3 3.9 4.7Supplemental Security Income (SSI) or disability 10.5 11.9 9.0 *Cash assistance or welfare (TANF) 12.8 13.9 11.8Food stamps 31.5 33.3 29.7None of the above 58.5 57.2 59.8Household in public or Section 8 housing (%) 13.5 16.1 11.0 **Household receiving any government benefits (%) 43.5 45.5 41.6(continued)77
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OPENING DOORSMORE GUIDANCE,BETTER R
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Funders of the Opening Doors Projec
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ContentsOverviewList of Tables, Fig
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List of Tables, Figures, and BoxesT
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PrefaceIf approved by Congress, the
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guidance on the study. Thomas Brock
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• The Ohio colleges successfully
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Program group members were assigned
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• For the most part, the program
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offered, but might also provide stu
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Chapter 1IntroductionOver the last
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The Opening Doors DemonstrationTabl
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sure that students complete the req
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While the mechanism through which s
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imately 1,700 to 1 in 2001. 22 Exac
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of literature exist on career couns
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The CollegeLorain County Community
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• Were beginning freshmen or cont
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The Opening Doors DemonstrationTabl
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Table 2.1 (continued)SOURCE: MDRC c
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Lorain and Owens Financial Aid Data
Page 49 and 50: Chapter 3The Implementation of the
Page 51 and 52: Toward the end of each student’s
Page 53 and 54: meet with their counselor a minimum
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Page 59 and 60: Appendix Table C.2 shows informatio
Page 61: Opening Doors counselors, and progr
Page 64 and 65: Program Control Difference Standard
Page 67 and 68: Chapter 4The Effects of Enhanced St
Page 69 and 70: Program SemestersTable 4.1 (page 47
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Page 77 and 78: Transcript Outcomes by GenderAssess
Page 83 and 84: correspond with the program’s imp
Page 85 and 86: Chapter 5Summary and ConclusionsLor
Page 87 and 88: The Opening Doors DemonstrationFigu
Page 89 and 90: An alternative interpretation of th
Page 91: Appendix ASupplementary Baseline In
Page 94 and 95: Full Program ControlCharacteristic
Page 96 and 97: Appendix Table A.1 (continued)Full
Page 98 and 99: Full Program ControlCharacteristic
Page 102 and 103: Appendix Table A.3 (continued)Full
Page 105: Appendix BSurvey Response Analysis
Page 108 and 109: Background Characteristics of Surve
Page 110 and 111: Table B.1 (continued)Characteristic
Page 112 and 113: The Opening Doors DemonstrationAppe
Page 114 and 115: Table B.2 (continued)SOURCE: MDRC c
Page 129 and 130: Lorain OwensProgram ProgramOutcome
Page 131 and 132: Lorain County Community CollegeOwen
Page 133: Appendix DDescription of Scales Pre
Page 136 and 137: 4. I hardly ever expect things to g
Page 138 and 139: Social Support and Civic Engagement
Page 140 and 141: Psychological Distress (6-item summ
Page 149 and 150: Male SubgroupFemale SubgroupDiffere
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Male SubgroupFemale SubgroupDiffere
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Male SubgroupFemale SubgroupDiffere
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Lorain County Community CollegeOwen
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Appendix Table E.7 (continued)SOURC
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Lorain County Community CollegeOwen
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The Opening Doors DemonstrationAppe
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Appendix Table E.10 (continued)SOUR
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ReferencesAdelman, Clifford. 2004.
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EARLIER MDRC PUBLICATIONS ON OPENIN
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About MDRCMDRC is a nonprofit, nonp
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