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Full Program ControlCharacteristic Sample Group GroupGender (%)Male 18.9 18.2 19.7Female 81.1 81.8 80.3Age in years (%)18-20 14.4 14.9 13.921-25 38.6 34.7 42.6 **26-30 29.8 31.8 27.831-34 17.2 18.7 15.7Average age (years) 25.7 25.9 25.5Marital status (%)Married 27.3 27.4 27.3Unmarried 72.7 72.6 72.7Race/ethnicity (%)The Opening Doors DemonstrationAppendix Table A.2Selected Characteristics of Sample Members at Baseline:Lorain County Community CollegeLorain County Community College and Owens Community College ReportHispanic/Latino a 14.4 14.4 14.3Black, non-Hispanic 21.1 19.2 23.1White, non-Hispanic 58.8 59.9 57.6Asian or Pacific Islander 0.2 0.5 0.0Other b 5.5 6.1 5.0Has one child or more (%) 82.2 83.3 81.0Among sample members with children,average age of youngest child (years) 3.4 3.6 3.2Average household size, excluding roommates or boarders 3.5 3.4 3.5Household receiving any of the following benefits c (%)Unemployment/Dislocated Worker benefits 5.4 6.4 4.3Supplemental Security Income (SSI) or disability 9.4 9.5 9.2Cash assistance or welfare (TANF) 15.8 15.5 16.0Food stamps 42.2 43.9 40.6None of the above 48.0 45.9 50.2Household in public or Section 8 housing (%) 20.4 22.7 18.1 *Household receiving any government benefits (%) 54.9 57.6 52.2(continued)74
Appendix Table A.2 (continued)Full Program ControlCharacteristic Sample Group GroupFinancially dependent on parents (%) 9.6 10.0 9.2Ever employed (%) 99.6 99.6 99.5Highest grade completed (%)8th or lower 1.6 2.2 0.99th 4.5 4.7 4.310th 6.9 6.4 7.411th 11.0 9.3 12.712th 76.0 77.3 74.7Diplomas/degrees earned d (%)High school diploma 70.7 70.1 71.4General Educational Development (GED) certificate 27.7 27.5 28.0Occupational/technical certificate 15.8 16.6 15.0Date of high school graduation/GED certificate receipt (%)During the past year 12.9 13.1 12.7Between 1 and 5 years ago 29.3 27.4 31.3More than 5 years ago 57.8 59.5 56.0Main reason for enrolling in college d (%)To complete a certificate program 11.0 12.2 9.8To obtain an associate’s degree 55.9 54.1 57.7To transfer to a 4-year college/university 20.0 20.6 19.5To obtain/update job skills 10.0 10.0 10.1Other 5.6 5.3 5.8Completed any college courses/credits (%) 43.5 44.3 42.7Among those who completed any college courses/credits,average number of courses completed 3.2 3.0 3.3First person in family to attend college (%) 37.0 38.8 35.2Working personal computer in home (%) 65.6 67.7 63.4Owns or has access to a working car (%) 90.3 90.3 90.3Language other than English spoken regularly in home (%) 10.9 11.8 9.9U.S. citizen (%) 98.8 98.5 99.1Region in which respondent was born (%)North America 96.8 96.2 97.3Asia 0.1 0.2 0.0Latin America and the Caribbean 2.0 2.0 2.0Other e 1.1 1.6 0.7(continued)75
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OPENING DOORSMORE GUIDANCE,BETTER R
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Funders of the Opening Doors Projec
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ContentsOverviewList of Tables, Fig
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List of Tables, Figures, and BoxesT
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PrefaceIf approved by Congress, the
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guidance on the study. Thomas Brock
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• The Ohio colleges successfully
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Program group members were assigned
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• For the most part, the program
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offered, but might also provide stu
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Chapter 1IntroductionOver the last
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The Opening Doors DemonstrationTabl
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sure that students complete the req
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While the mechanism through which s
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imately 1,700 to 1 in 2001. 22 Exac
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of literature exist on career couns
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The CollegeLorain County Community
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• Were beginning freshmen or cont
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The Opening Doors DemonstrationTabl
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Table 2.1 (continued)SOURCE: MDRC c
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Lorain and Owens Financial Aid Data
Page 49 and 50: Chapter 3The Implementation of the
Page 51 and 52: Toward the end of each student’s
Page 53 and 54: meet with their counselor a minimum
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Page 59 and 60: Appendix Table C.2 shows informatio
Page 61: Opening Doors counselors, and progr
Page 64 and 65: Program Control Difference Standard
Page 67 and 68: Chapter 4The Effects of Enhanced St
Page 69 and 70: Program SemestersTable 4.1 (page 47
Page 75 and 76: The Opening Doors DemonstrationTabl
Page 77 and 78: Transcript Outcomes by GenderAssess
Page 83 and 84: correspond with the program’s imp
Page 85 and 86: Chapter 5Summary and ConclusionsLor
Page 87 and 88: The Opening Doors DemonstrationFigu
Page 89 and 90: An alternative interpretation of th
Page 91: Appendix ASupplementary Baseline In
Page 94 and 95: Full Program ControlCharacteristic
Page 96 and 97: Appendix Table A.1 (continued)Full
Page 105: Appendix BSurvey Response Analysis
Page 108 and 109: Background Characteristics of Surve
Page 110 and 111: Table B.1 (continued)Characteristic
Page 112 and 113: The Opening Doors DemonstrationAppe
Page 114 and 115: Table B.2 (continued)SOURCE: MDRC c
Page 129 and 130: Lorain OwensProgram ProgramOutcome
Page 131 and 132: Lorain County Community CollegeOwen
Page 133: Appendix DDescription of Scales Pre
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Page 138 and 139: Social Support and Civic Engagement
Page 140 and 141: Psychological Distress (6-item summ
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Male SubgroupFemale SubgroupDiffere
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Lorain County Community CollegeOwen
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Appendix Table E.7 (continued)SOURC
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Lorain County Community CollegeOwen
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The Opening Doors DemonstrationAppe
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Appendix Table E.10 (continued)SOUR
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ReferencesAdelman, Clifford. 2004.
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EARLIER MDRC PUBLICATIONS ON OPENIN
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About MDRCMDRC is a nonprofit, nonp
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