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The particle size distribution of this synthetic glycolipopeptide 1 measured by dynamiclight scattering (DLS) in H 2 O/MeOH (3:1) suggested that it may have some self-assemblycapability. We used Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) to study the structure indetail. The glycolipopeptide solution was placed on carbon grids and stained with anaqueous solution of 1% by weight of RuO 4at room temperature for 5 min. Weobserved spherical vesicle and planarbilayer morphologies as shown in Figure 3.These results suggest the self-assembledmolecular size of 1 would be similar tothat of OML.Next, we investigated the activationof peritoneal macrophages by thesynthesized glycolipopeptide 1 and theinduction of IL-12 production. C57BL/6mice (female, 6-8 weeks old) wereintraperitoneally injected once with 300Fig. 3. TEM images of glycolipopeptide 1.μg from 1mg/mL solution of the synthesized 1. The peritoneal cells (PECs) were harvestedfrom the peritoneal cavity of mice 1 h after the injection, and the production of IL-12 fromPEMs was assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). We foundglycolipopeptide 1 induced production of significant levels of IL-12 from PEMs,suggesting that synthesized glycolipopeptide 1 may have an activity for PEM activation.Further detailed assay of IL-12 production and investigation of the structure-activityrelationship of glycolipopeptide 1 are now in progress.AcknowledgmentsWe thank Prof. Tomokazu Iyoda and Dr. Kaori Kamata from Chemical Resources Laboratory, TokyoInstitute of Technology for the measurement of TEM images. We would also like to thank Mr. Cheol,Min Yun, and Prof. Yu Nagase from our Department for their helpful discussion and measurement ofAFM and TEM images. We also thank Technical Service Coordination Office Tokai University for thetechnical support of the measurement of AFM images. Part of this work was supported by the Programfor Promotion of Basic Research Activities for Innovative Biosciences (PROBRAIN), a grant forHi-tech research program from Tokai University, and Research and Study Project of Tokai UniversityEducational System General Research Organization.References1. Ikehara, Y., Shiuchi, N., Kabata-Ikehara, S., Nakanishi, H., Yokoyama, N., Takagi, H., Nagata, T.,Koide, Y., Kuzushima, K., Takahashi, T., Tsujimura, K., Kojima, N. Cancer Lett. 260, 137-145(2008).2. Takagi, H., Furuya, N., Kojima, N. Cytokine 40, 241-250 (2007).3. Suzuki, A., Suzuki, Y., Kuramochi, M., Inazu, T. “Peptide Science 2008: Proceeding of 45 thJapanese Peptide Symposium” Ed. by M. Nomizu, The Japanese Peptide Society, Osaka, (2009)pp.151-154.4. Mizuno, M., Haneda, K., Iguchi, R., Muramoto, I., Kawakami, T., Aimoto, S., Yamamoto, K.,Inazu, T. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 121, 284-290 (1999).627