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164 / A M E S [ 1904 ]with which Ireland was afflicted. Irishmen did not move from point topoint; they stuck fast and deteriorated. Joyce allowed the priest's characterto form itself through the testimony of different witnesses—the narratorrecovering this troubled memory of his childhood, the suspicious familyfriend and the uncle, and finally the two sisters with whom the priest haslived. Each of these furnishes the reader with another hint of the priest'sfailure, of his sense of his own ruin, of his attempt in ambiguous littleways to transmit corruption to the susceptible boy; yet this unhealthinessremains an intimation, to be contrasted with the invulnerability of thetwo well-informed sisters and their mixture of malapropism and acute -ness. The words are plain, but the sentences are subtly cadenced, andJoyce demonstrates his power to capture the inflections of speech.As the child, Joyce made use of himself in print for the firsttime, andas the uncle he made use of his father. The story, surprisingly, was accepted.H. F. Norman, the editor of the Irish Homestead, sent Joyce asovereign on July 23 and said, probably in response to Joyce's demand,that he would change nothing but the name of the parish. 63It was publishedon August 13—the firstanniversary of May Joyce's death—overthe pseudonym of StephenDaed^aius, James forbore to sign his own name,Stanislaus says, becarSfFrTe^was ashamed of publishing in 'the pigs' paper.On the basis of this success, Joyce went to a literary friend named T.G. Keller and offered to sign over his expected payment of £ 6 for his nextsix stories if Keller would give him £ 5 at once. Keller did not have themoney. Another stratagem was for Joyce to copy out his poems on expensivepaper and for Gogarty to hawk them 'at £1 a piece or 5/- for one'(as Gogarty recorded), 64a price evidently adjustable to suit the marketpotential. This project also got nowhere. Joyce offered to various friends(probably on the basis of Colum's arrangement with the millionaire Kelly)to turn himself into a joint-stock company and sell shares, which wouldincrease spectacularly in value as his books began to appear. But thisidea, like the others, failed to arouse enthusiasm. Joyce had to acceptpayment in the normal way for his next two stories in the Irish Homestead:'Eveline' (published September 10, 1904), and 'After the Race'(published December 17).Both these stories challenged the work of Joyce's compatriots. Yeats'sThe Countess Cathleen had extolled the virtue of self-sacrifice; 'Eveline'evokes the counter virtue of self-realization. When Joyce's character isheld by Ireland^ sheTTHu^criTmrlf to a 'helpless animal,' as if surrenderingthe very qualities that had made her human. In 'After the Race'Joyce may have been thinking of Yeats's story of card-playing, 'Red Hanrahan,'which appeared the year before. At any rate, there are in bothillusion and disenchantment. But Joyce, instead of using a half-legendary* Ulysses (193 [247]).