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680 J A M E S [ 1932-1935 ]But Jung was reading Joyce, as he once said he had read Ulysses," backwards.It was not Lucia who, going out of her mind, invented portmanteauwords; it was her father, after a quarter-century of study of the possibilitiesof language. Joyce did, it is true, push Lucia as he had pushedNora into a superior role; he punished his imaginary guilt for her illnessby a subservience to her wishes, however capricious. But she was hisdaughter, not his muse.Jung was equally mistaken in insisting that Joyce was a latent schizoidwho used drinking to control his schizoidal tendencies. It was not easyfor Jung, who had been brought up in a 'fanatical anti-alcoholic tradition,'138to understand the attitude of Joyce, whose rearing was diametricallyopposite. Joyce was abstemious during the day, and drank only atnight, t He drank with a nice combination of purpose and relaxation:during his convivial evenings he filledhis mind with the way peopletalked and behaved, storing up what he needed for his writing; he alsoconfided to intimate friends the latest anxieties of his life; and as the hourgrew later he sang and cavorted to forget his troubles and circumvent hisreticences. He engaged in excess with considerable prudence.As Jung made his pronouncements about Lucia, Joyce listened in silence;he seemed so unswayed by them that Jung took his manner toindicate he had no emotional rapport with others, when in fact he hadno emotional rapport with 'the Reverend Doctor Jung' (as he later referredto him). A man who had so misconstrued Ulysses could scarcelybe expected by Joyce to construe Lucia correctly.Joyce decided there was no purpose in keeping Lucia at Kiisnacht anylonger. Dr. Brunner tried to dissuade him from a new plan of placingher in a private pension in Zurich with a nurse; but Jung pleased Joycethat he could not give in. His 'psychological' style is definitely schizophrenic, withthe difference, however, that the ordinary patient cannot help himself talking andthinking in such a way, while Joyce willed it and moreover developed it with all his% 1. creative forces, which incidentally explains why he himself did not go over the border.But his daughter did, because she was no genius like her father, but merely a1 victim of her disease. In any other time of the past Joyce's work would never havereached the printer, but in our blessed XXth century it is a message, though not yetit understood. 137j* Joyce alludes to Jung's comment that Ulysses could be read backwards or forwards in! j Finnegans Wake (121), 'The words which follow may be taken in any order desired . . .', j! He included among the titles of schoolboy essays, 'Is the Co-Education of Animus and! Anima Wholly Desirable?' (307), one which indicates that he understood fully what Jung\ was driving at. Elsewhere he makes merry at Jung's expense: 'we grisly old Sykos whoI have done our unsmiling bit on 'alices, when they were yung and easily freudened' (115);'anama anamaba anamabapa' (267), 'The law of the jungerl' (268).jt Joyce said once to Padraic Colum, 'What is better than to sit at the end of the day andIdrink wine with friends, or with substitutes for friends? I say at the end of the day, for Iwould not drink wine until the sun goes down. Wine is sunshine; under the figure ofwine the Creator of the Universe could manifest himself. Can you imagine a manifesta-" 1 tion under another figure?' 139