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[ Aetat. 37-38 ] J O Y C E 47iDubliners to him; there was also the transformation of Stephen Hero intoA Portrait of the Artist, which had relegated Maurice—Stephen'sbrother—into obscurity. The change was made for good artistic reasons,but probably was not more palatable to Stanislaus because of them.Schaurek also anticipated uneasily his brother-in-law's return, but Eileenbecame James's advocate, and after some controversy won her point.Stanislaus gave up his study and took a smaller room. James got hisfurniture from storage and distributed it about the flat;Giorgio and Luciahad to sleep on hard sofas, but otherwise the situation was tolerable. Thechildren had fallen behind in their Italian, so Lucia was put back a yearand Giorgio studied with a private tutor. 4Joyce made no comment uponthe state of his finances, though he had been forced to pawn his silverwatch before leaving Zurich, but Nora, as soon as she was alone withEileen, said to her, Thanks, Eileen. We didn't have a penny left.' 5Eileen counseled her, 'Don't tell Stannie or Frank for a while.' This timetheir poverty was easily abolished; Joyce wrote urgently to Pinker to requestan advance from Huebsch, and with this, which was quickly forthcoming,the immediate stress was over and he could wait less impatientlyfor the next installment of Miss Weaver's gift. He also wrote a long letterto Mrs. McCormick asking a renewal of her patronage, but this was fruitless.The flatwas overcrowded, but so was the city; it was impossible tofind another place to live. Prices were high, and as Joyce wrote Budgenlachrymosely on November 7, 'No wine here like the Arciduchessa. . . .As for Ulysses—it is like me—on the rocks.' 6To re-establish connections did not prove easy—one cannot swim twicein the same river. Stanislaus treated his brother coolly, listened to himless attentively, and allowed himself to be a little bored by the intricaciesof Ulysses, particularly the technical complications. 7He could not bearhis brother's intemperance, which seemed to him worse than ever, butJames retorted that he was 'the foolish author of a wise book.' 8It waspatent from the beginning that James, with money of his own, would notaccept his younger brother's surveillance, which had been one of theirstrongest, if most chafing, bonds in the past; and Stanislaus, for his part,pursued a life of his own with a group of friends who liked and admiredhim apart from his brother.Old friends also felt that Joyce was altered. To Francini he seemedmore stylized, and Signora Francini commented, 'Joyce non e piu quello('Joyce is somebody else now'). Only on rare occasions could the convivialityof the old days be recovered, as when Joyce, Argio Orell (the Triestinepoet), Silvio Benco (editor now of the Piccolo della Sera), and Franciniforegathered with their wives at Francini's flatfor wine and talk. Joyce'sconversation often began with a flatdismissal of subjects that interestedhis friends. So he said to Francini, ideas, classifications, political terminologiesleave me indifferent; they are things one has passed beyond.Intellectual anarchy, materialism, rationalism—as if they could get a spi-