Buderus Manual on Trenchless Installation of Ductile Cast ... - Duktus

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10 3 kp cm Fig. 2.7 Steel Ductile Grey Asbestos PVC cast cast cement iron iron Kottmann defined the integral of the area below these curves as energy of deformation and compared this property of pipes made of different materials in the bar chart shown in Fig. 2.7. He was able to show in this way that the energy of deformation of pipes made of ductile cast iron was higher by more than a power of ten than that of, for example, pipes made of grey cast iron. Fig. 2.8 Grey cast iron Test rig Asbestos cement PVC Ductile cast iron Seamless steel Welded steel The material 11
Properties of ductile cast iron pipes 2.2 How the pipes are produced Casting techniques of the kind which had been developed in the Middle Ages, above all for casting works of art and bells and also for casting guns, were a prerequisite for the development of a technology for producing high-quality pipes. Initially pipes were cast in horizontal moulds where the moulds were also split horizontally. This meant that there was a limit to how long the pipes could be, given that at the casting temperature of some 1300°C and under their own weight, the cores used to form the hollow centres of the pipes would bend, which also limited the uniformity of the wall thickness of the pipes. Pipes dating from this early period of manufacture can be recognised by the two lines of flash on opposite sides of their outer surface, which formed in sand moulds on the plane marking the division between the top and bottom halves of the moulds (Fig. 2.9). With the increasing demand for cast iron pipes for supplying water and gas in the rapidly expanding towns and cities in the second half of the 19th century, the carousel casting process was introduced, in which the sand moulds were arranged upright in casting carousels in such a way Fig. 2.9 that a semi-continuous procedure became possible. In this process, the moulds, in the form of undivided metal mould boxes matched to the shape of the pipe, were initially placed in position individually and later on in rotary racks, to allow work to go on in a continuous flow. The cores to produce the hollow centres in the pipes were rammed onto metal core spindles with the help of metal core bushes. There was an increase in the overall length of the Fig. 2.10 pipes and the flash at the mould division disappeared. This process was used by <strong>Buderus</strong> from the time when pipe production began in 1901 until 192 . Hundreds of thousands of kilometres of pipes dating from this period of production are still giving faithful service below the ground. A particularly important milestone in the course of further development was the invention of the centrifugal casting process (Fig. 2.11). In 192 , this process was successfully introduced throughout Europe, including at <strong>Buderus</strong>. One of its principal features is 12
Page 1 and 2: Buderus Ma
Page 6 and 7: 1. Introduction Introduction When t
Page 10 and 11: At x 100 magnification, these graph
Page 14 and 15: Fig. 2.11 How the pipes are produce
Page 16 and 17: 2.3 Development in the joint-making
Page 18 and 19: joints is DVGW Arbeitsblatt GW 3 8
Page 20 and 21: Longitudinal force-fit joints and t
Page 22 and 23: Longitudinal force-fit joints and t
Page 24 and 25: 2.3.2 Making the BLS ® joint Makin
Page 26 and 27: Fig. 2.21 Left lock Catch Right loc
Page 28 and 29: 2.4 Inside and outside protection I
Page 30 and 31: Inside and outside protection the c
Page 32 and 33: Reference documents [2.8] Gaebelein
Page 34 and 35: General What is said above is true
Page 36 and 37: Other pluses that the two technique
Page 38 and 39: Fig. 3.5 Hydraulic unit The press-p
Page 40 and 41: 3.2 The auxiliary pipe technique Th
Page 42 and 43: In the final stage of the operation
Page 44 and 45: 3.4 Requirements for the site Requi
Page 46 and 47: Reference documents
Page 48 and 49: Both the variants of the burst lini
Page 50 and 51: During the pulling process, the tra
Page 52 and 53: 4.3.2 Joints As in virtually all tr
Page 54 and 55: Reference documents 3
Page 56 and 57: Fig. 5.3 Assembly of the string of
Page 58 and 59: the outlet nozzles. In rocky soils,
Page 60 and 61: 5.3 General requirements Companies
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A prerequisite for this procedure i
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Table .1 provides an overview of th
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Installations Nominal size DN lengt
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Reference documents [ . ] DVGW Arbe
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Fig. 6.2 Traction vehicle Fig. 6.3
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6.4 Joints The longitudinal force-f
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Areas of application, advantages an
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Reference documents 7
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7. 2 A description of the technique
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Buderus Giesserei
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Fig. 7.8 Pushing in a pipe A descri
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7.5 Reference installations No. Loc
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[7. ] Rink, W.: Langrohrrelining mi
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In the second step, the pilot is up
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8.3 Outside protection Outside prot
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8.6 Reference documents [8.1] Richt
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A consideration of the economics of
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A consideration of the economics of
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[9.2] DVGW-Hinweis W 09: Auswirkung
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BLS ® restrained joint DN 80 to DN
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Technical data sheets 101
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General Pipes must not be: • drop
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Filling in the pipe pit DN 80 - DN
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DN 80 - DN 00 BLS ® joints There m
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Use of clamping ring joints DN 80 -
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Notice on assembly DN 80 - DN 00 BL
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Retrospective application of weldin
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11.2 Installation instructions for
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Inserting the locking segments DN 0
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Angular deflection DN 00 - DN 1000
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Disconnecting BLS ® joint disconne
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Shrink-on devices and protective ta
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ZMU Before a pipe is cut, the ZMU s
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ZMU 127
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129
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131
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Buderus Manual on Trenchless Installation of Ductile Cast ... - Duktus

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