Diapositive 1 - de l'UniversitÃ© libre de Bruxelles

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$Studies of fractional D-branes in the gauge/gravity correspondence ...$

Chapitre IVTable 15: Probabilities of slopes homogeneity of the relations between Mg/Ca and S/Ca, checked bycovariance analysis for the different investigated species.Field collectedPetrobionamassilianaField collectedAsteriasrubensField collectedParacentrotuslividusAquarium grownParacentrotuslividusField collectedPetrobionamassilianaField collectedAsteriasrubensField collectedParacentrotuslividusAquarium grownParacentrotuslividus1 - - -0.058 1 - -0.238 0.273 1 -0.075 0.001 0.002 1Individual S/Ca ratios and ambital diameter of Paracentrotus lividus (mixed fieldcollected and aquarium grown data) or arm length of Asterias rubens were significantlycorrelated (r Pearson =0.51, p
Chapitre IVThe FTIR spectra of a protein (Bovine Serum Albumin) and of an acidic sulphated sugar(Chondroitin sulphate) were used as references (Figure 29A). Proteins and sugars hadcommon amide A, I and II bands, whereas bands between 1000-1150 cm -1 were presentonly in sugars. Moreover, bands between 1240-1260 cm -1 were indicative of sulphates.Because of the complex composition of the soluble matrices, a precise assignment ofFTIR band was not possible.FTIR spectra of the soluble matrices of A. rubens showed strong amide A and amide Ibands (Figure 29B). Amides were mainly related to C=O and N–H vibrations. The amideI region (1690-1600 cm -1 ) displayed 10 bands, the main band at 1654 cm -1 indicative of aα-helical conformation. Other bands were related to β-sheet and random coil structures. Itwas possible that the strong amide A, I and II bands were also due to sugars, as shown bythe spectra of chrondroitin sulphate. The amide II region (1500-1600 cm -1 ) displayed 8bands demonstrating the complex structure of the matrices. Both sugars and sulphateswere present, as shown by the bands at 1140 and 1241 cm -1 (Figure 29B). The FTIRspectra of the insoluble matrices of A. rubens were also complex and showed the mainamide A, I and II bands (Figure 29C). However, the respective intensities of the bandsknown to be characteristics of sugars (1064 cm -1 ) and sulphates (1234 cm -1 ) differed fromthat of the soluble matrix. Seven bands were present in amide A region, only three bandsin amide II bands. Moreover, bands at 2928 cm -1 and 2854 cm -1 were assigned to lipids.From FTIR data, proteins, sugars and sulphates were present in both soluble and insolublematrices of A. rubens.87
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UNIVERSITÉ LIBRE DE BRUXELLES (ULB
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RemerciementsJ’aimerais tout d’
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Ce travail a été rendu possible p
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Dans la seconde partie, la modulati
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higher magnesium concentrations pre
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DEUXIÈME PARTIE: Processus minéra
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Introduction généraletransitoire
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Introduction généraleFigure 2 : C
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Introduction généralemajoritairem
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Introduction générale2.2.1 Facteu
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Introduction générale2.2.2 Facteu
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Introduction généraleFigure 6 : C
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Introduction générale2.2.2.4 Effe
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Introduction généralemacromolécu
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Introduction généralemagnésium e
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Introduction généraleFigure 8 : R
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Introduction générale3.1.2 Le mag
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Introduction généraled’une nich
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Introduction généraleFigure 11 :
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Introduction généralecroissance c
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PREMIÈRE PARTIEFACTEURS ENVIRONNEM
Page 49 and 50: Chapitre ICHAPITRE IGrowth rate and
Page 51 and 52: Chapitre I1998). Rosenheim et al (2
Page 53 and 54: Chapitre ITable 4: Dates of transfe
Page 55 and 56: Chapitre ILongitudinal sections of
Page 57 and 58: Chapitre ITable 5: Skeletal Mg/Ca a
Page 59 and 60: Chapitre Iimportance of the thermod
Page 61 and 62: Chapitre IICHAPITRE IITemperature,
Page 63 and 64: Chapitre IIeffects of climate chang
Page 65 and 66: Chapitre II29 mm in ambital diamete
Page 67 and 68: Chapitre IIFigure 18: Skeletal Mn/C
Page 69 and 70: Chapitre IIFigure 19: Mg/Ca ratio i
Page 71 and 72: Chapitre IIor a magnesium compartme
Page 73 and 74: Chapitre IIpositive temperature eff
Page 75 and 76: Chapitre IIICHAPITRE IIISalinity ef
Page 77 and 78: Chapitre IIIcontrolled aquarium con
Page 79 and 80: Chapitre IIIFurthermore, Mg/Ca rati
Page 81 and 82: Chapitre IIIbetween these different
Page 83 and 84: Chapitre III2.6Skeletal Sr/Ca (mmol
Page 85 and 86: Chapitre IIIalready proposed by Van
Page 87 and 88: Chapitre IIIIon transport in echino
Page 89: DEUXIÈME PARTIEPROCESSUS MINÉRALO
Page 92 and 93: Chapitre IVINTRODUCTIONBiogenic cal
Page 94 and 95: Chapitre IVAfter collection, the se
Page 96 and 97: Chapitre IVratioed against backgrou
Page 98 and 99: Chapitre IVTable 13: Sampling locat
Page 102 and 103: Chapitre IVFigure 29: FTIR spectra
Page 104 and 105: Chapitre IVFigure 31: XANES spectra
Page 106 and 107: Chapitre IVwater molecules, which c
Page 108 and 109: Chapitre Vin vivo by ion transport
Page 110 and 111: Chapitre VSea urchins produce an in
Page 112 and 113: Chapitre Vwere surrounded with cond
Page 114 and 115: Chapitre V3535Mineral Mg concentrat
Page 116 and 117: Chapitre VMorphology of in vitro pr
Page 118 and 119: Chapitre VFigure 37: Scanning elect
Page 120 and 121: Chapitre VA quadratic modulation of
Page 122 and 123: Chapitre Vproject from the Belgian
Page 124 and 125: Discussion généraleDans cette dis
Page 126 and 127: Discussion généraleorganique prod
Page 128 and 129: Discussion généralede régulation
Page 130 and 131: Discussion généraleFigure 38 : Mo
Page 132 and 133: Discussion générale3. Perspective
Page 134 and 135: Discussion générale120
Page 136 and 137: Références bibliographiquesAmeye
Page 138 and 139: Références bibliographiquesCarré
Page 140 and 141: Références bibliographiquesDustan
Page 142 and 143: Références bibliographiquesHartma
Page 144 and 145: Références bibliographiquesKolesa
Page 146 and 147: Références bibliographiquesMagdan
Page 148 and 149: Références bibliographiquesQuamme
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Références bibliographiquesRosenh
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Références bibliographiquesThe Se
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Références bibliographiquesWillen
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Références bibliographiques142
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Annexestempérature salinité indiv
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AnnexesANNEXE 2Tableau 20: Rapports
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Annexes
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