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equirement also shows a need for purposive action. Electricity generation, transmissionand distribution are estimated to require an investment of at least US$1 trillion. Thetotal energy sector investment could well amount to US$2 trillion, inclusive of relatedinfrastructure.4. Global investments need to be attracted – Such massive financial inputs can onlybe arranged through a new global financing regime based on the collaborative efforts ofgovernments, industry, multilateral financing agencies, FIIs, FDIs, external commercialinstitutions (banks) and domestic banks and financing institutions. This global regimewould be a dynamic mechanism that offers a win-win situation for all.5. The business needs to play an important role – While governments are accountablefor implementing the policies that drive sustainable reductions in GHG emissions, it isthe business – both in the public sector and in the private sector – that actually deliversthose reductions. The business requires greater certainty of cover for risk and liabilityassociated with making commercial investments in zero and low emission technologies.Understanding the constraints that will apply to GHG emissions in the future isfundamental to estimating the future demand for investment for zero- and low-emissiontechnologies.6. Funding support for R&D must be enhanced – The government should continuouslyfund and support low-carbon coal combustion technology development and deployment.There is an urgent need to scale up and expand funds for such technology developmentand innovation. This will require supportive policy framework for R&D and also interventionsthat facilitate adoption and absorption of new technologies. Promotion of venturecapital funds that take equity risk could contribute to successful commercialization ofinnovations.VBIBLIOGRAPHYErnst & Young Consulting, 2012. 2012 Attractiveness Survey, India Ready for theTransition. Available at http://emergingmarkets.ey.com/wp-content/uploads/downloads/2012/03/india-attractiveness-final-version1.pdf.Government of India, 2012. Economic Survey 2011-12.Ministry of Environment and Forests, 2010. India’s Greenhouse Gas Emissions 2007,Ministry of Environment and Forests, Government of India. Available at http://moef.nic.in/downloads/public-information/Report_INCCA.pdf.Ministry of Power, Government of India, 2012. Report of the Working Group on Powerfor Twelfth Plan (2012-2017), Ministry of Power, Government of India.Planning Commission, Government of India, 2006. Integrated Energy Policy: Report ofthe Expert Committee. Available at http://www.planningcommission.nic.in.Planning Commission, Government of India, 2011. Climate Change & 12 th Five YearPlan, Report of Sub-group on Climate Change. Available at http://planningcommission.nic.in/aboutus/committee/wrkgrp12/enf/wgsub_climate.pdfPlanning Commission, Government of India, 2011. Interim Report of the Export Groupon Low Carbon Strategies for Inclusive Growth. Available at http://planningcommission.nic.in/reports/genrep/Inter_Exp.pdf.76
Planning Commission, Government of India, 2011. Faster, Sustainable and MoreInclusive Growth: An approach to the Twelfth Five Year Plan (2017-2022). Available athttp://planningcommission.nic.in/plans/planrel/12appdrft/appraoch_12plan.pdfWorld Energy Council, 2010. Study on Energy and Climate Change, World EnergyCouncil, London, United Kingdom..World Energy Council, Indian Member Committee, 2012. India Energy Book 2012,World Energy Council, London, United Kingdom.77
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ADVANCES IN FOSSIL FUELTECHNOLOGIES
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ADVANCES IN FOSSIL FUELTECHNOLOGIES
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CONTENTSABBREVIATIONSiiiPART ONEREP
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ABBREVIATIONSAC : Alternating curre
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OECD : Organization for Economic Co
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IORGANIZATION OF THE WORKSHOPA. Bac
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D. Election of officersThe followin
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IIICONSIDERATION OF ISSUESA. Backgr
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emissions. Underground coal gasific
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800 MWe, a steam pressure of 300 kg
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• Materials development & manufac
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Figure 1-5: Strategy for commercial
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tonnes, the state-owned enterprise
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• Ensuring not just easy FDI entr
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MW ultra-supercritical units; and s
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the captive generation capacity) on
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and other financial institutions -
Page 36 and 37: and higher efficiency power generat
Page 38 and 39: energy technologies, which can enab
Page 40 and 41: • Such massive financial inputs c
Page 43 and 44: BASELINE REPORT ON FOSSIL FUEL TECH
Page 45 and 46: B. General R&D climate in the count
Page 47 and 48: a convenient way to envisage energy
Page 49 and 50: to mature and become more cost-comp
Page 51 and 52: emissions, at least relative to sin
Page 53 and 54: The Ministry of Power (MoP), which
Page 55 and 56: 3. Bio-energyBio-energy, widely ava
Page 57 and 58: in such a canal will rotate at a lo
Page 59 and 60: in tackling climate change. A one p
Page 61 and 62: Advantages of supercritical plants
Page 63 and 64: existing power plants but also to b
Page 65 and 66: BASELINE REPORT ON FOREIGN DIRECT I
Page 67 and 68: CEA at 598 mt. This is mainly due t
Page 69 and 70: For India to maintain its momentum
Page 71 and 72: Table 2-5: Electricity generation t
Page 73 and 74: Growth, which submitted its interim
Page 75 and 76: 3. Future challengesThe future chal
Page 77 and 78: development worked out. Public-priv
Page 79 and 80: Linking FDI to technology transferI
Page 81 and 82: The total requirement of fund durin
Page 83 and 84: Funding from multilateral agenciesM
Page 85: cooperation will be essential in so
Page 90 and 91: ANNEX I:LIST OF PARTICIPANTSMr. A.K
Page 92 and 93: Mr. S.C. Shrivastava, Joint Chief (
Page 94 and 95: ANNEX II:PROGRAMME6 June 2012, Wedn
Page 96 and 97: ANNEX III:AN OVERVIEW OF ADVANCED F
Page 98 and 99: • Technology solutions are also v
Page 100 and 101: Table 3-5: Improvement in cycle eff
Page 102 and 103: • No liquid effluent formation;
Page 104 and 105: Figure 3-5: Advancement of gas turb
Page 106 and 107: Figure 3-8: Goal 2 - New clean tech
Page 108 and 109: Compared with conventional power pl
Page 110 and 111: Figure 3-14: Thermax coal gasificat
Page 112 and 113: ANNEX VII:GE ENERGY AND ADVANCED FO
Page 114 and 115: ANNEX VIII:SWOT ANALYSIS OF FOSSIL
Page 116 and 117: By 2035, cumulative CO 2emissions f
Page 118 and 119: • Falling prices of renewable ene
Page 120 and 121: Figure 3-20: New advanced coal powe
Page 122 and 123: ANNEX X:ENERGY CONSERVATION: ERDA
Page 124 and 125: Table 3-11: Energy cost and intensi
Page 126 and 127: 300Figure 3-23: Trends in coal use
Page 128 and 129: C. Gaps in coal use efficiencyFigur
Page 130 and 131: ANNEX XII:FINANCING OF THE POWER SE
Page 132 and 133: With the entry of many private sect
Page 134 and 135: for future requirements should be t
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Short supply of coal has started af
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Figure 3-35: Life-cycle of technolo
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