REFERENCESCommission of the European Communities. (October 2000) Memor<strong>and</strong>um on LifelongLearning. Brussels, Commission of the European Communities.Faerber, Richard. le groupe d’apprentissage dans l’enseignement à <strong>distance</strong> : sescaractéristiques dans un environnement virtuel. In: Larose F & Karsenti T.(eds.), La place des TICE en formation initiale et continue à l’enseignement:bilan et perspectives. Québec, Canada, Editions du CRP, Université deSherbrooke, pp. 99-128.Michel, Jean. (2003). La documentation: une profession à la croisée de ses chemins.Hermès, No. 35, pp. 185-193.Péraya, Daniel. (March 1994). Formation à <strong>distance</strong> et communication médiatisée.Recherche en communication, No. 1, pp. 147-148.Genre, Réseau et TIC. (2004). Citoyennes africaines de la société de l’information:Manuel de première urgence à l’attention des décideur(e)s. Dakar, Enda.Sauvé, Louise <strong>and</strong> Viau, Roll<strong>and</strong>. (2002). L’ab<strong>and</strong>on et la persévérance dansl’enseignement à <strong>distance</strong>: l’importance de la relation enseignement–apprentissage. Paper delivered at the Canadian Association for DistanceEducation (CADE) conference held in Calgary, 26-29 May 2002 (www.cadeaced.ca/icdepapers/sauveviau.htm).Thiolon, Catherine. L’image des métiers de l’I-D : Diagnostic et recomm<strong>and</strong>ations pourune communication active. Documentaliste Sciences de l’information 2003, vol.40, no. 6 pp. 396-400.International Telecommunication Union. ITU World Telecommunication DevelopmentReport 2003.Notes1. For some, broadb<strong>and</strong> means connection via cable, ADSL <strong>and</strong> other technologies at speedsstarting at 512 kilobits per second (kbps) <strong>and</strong> over; for others it means speeds that start at 1 oreven 2 megabits per second (Mbps).2. Republic of Sénégal. Lettre de politique sectorielle: Secteur des télécommunications. January20053. The absolute poverty line st<strong>and</strong>s at US $1 per person per day.4. Source: UNESCO Institute of Statistics, September 20045. World Links: www.world-links.org/6. GDLN: www.gdln.org/7. RESAFAD: www.resafad.net/8. AVU is now an NGO based in Nairobi (Kenya).9. AUF catalogue of online courses (French only): http://foad.refer.org/10. EBAD first emerged as an institute at Dakar University in 1967, taking over from the Centrerégional de formation des bibliothécaires de langue française (CRFB), which operated inDakar, with UNESCO’s support, from 1963 to 1967. It subsequently went on to performa subregional function, drawing students from sub-Saharan countries from Cape Verde toMadagascar.60
11. The approximate rate for 1€ was 655, 957 CFA Franc in the spring of 2005.12. Some years – 1999-2000 or 2002-2003, for instance – there was not a single foreign finalhonours student enrolled.13. In the framework of this project a local network consisting of 54 connections was installed. Inaddition, an effort was made to install computer equipment: to install one computer in everyteacher’s office; one computer in every administrative office; to equip a computer room forstudents with 10 computers; <strong>and</strong> to install 5 computers in the library for online <strong>and</strong> offlinedocumentary research.14. The FORCIIR Project has funded a variety of courses for training EBAD teachers in theuse of tools such as PowerPoint or in electronic resource design, project management, timemanagement <strong>and</strong> even change management.15. The learner’s guide divides into four parts containing course plans, lesson <strong>and</strong> assessmentschedules, data on every learner <strong>and</strong> a toolbox of software, plug-ins, tips <strong>and</strong> so on.16. Every learner must pay a share of the admission fees at Université Cheikh Anta Diop deDakar, i.e. 5000 CFA francs for Senegalese citizens <strong>and</strong> 300,000 CFA francs for foreignstudents, plus 450,000 CFA francs in tuition fees for all learners regardless of nationality.17. The c<strong>and</strong>idates selected each had a master’s degree <strong>and</strong> had been looking for their first job formore than three years.18. The courses had a coefficient of 1, while the project had a coefficient of 2.19. INTD is a French institution specialising in training information science workers <strong>and</strong> involvedin co-operative activities with EBAD.20. All four of the ESI courses last eight months, not six.THE CONTRIBUTOROlivier SagnaSenior Lecturer (Maître-assistant)L’Ecole des bibliothécaires archivistes et documentalistesUniversité Cheikh Anta Diop de DakarE-mail: olivier.sagna@ebad.ucad.sn61
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PERSPECTIVES ONDISTANCE EDUCATIONLi
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The Commonwealth of Learning (COL)
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSIn addition to the
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These are some of the issues that a
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What are the trends and issues in l
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of policy implications relating to
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evince important differences that c
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inequitable regulations governing t
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part of quality management. The aim
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online courses; an educational tech
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polytechnics, research institutions
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CHAPTER 10PROMOTING CROSS-BORDERREC
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The Bologna Declaration was followe
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indicators currently being used for
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the qualification resulting from th
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Table 9.1: Outline of the portfolio
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CHAPTER 11CHARTING THE EVOLUTIONOF
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Another common characteristic was t
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the current capacity of the educati
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conditions for success. Conditions
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Cultural and ethical issues in inte
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the cost and maintenance of learnin
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Research can be a useful tool for c
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REFERENCESBates, A. (1995). Technol
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Twigg, C. (2001). Quality Assurance
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y, for example, entering into partn
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and even greater steps, and the dec