Crack cocaine in the Dublin region - Health Research Board

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Jurisdiction Intervention/Description Main Findings/EffectivenessDetroit, Michigan1989CrackdownUndercover operations and buy-busts. Indoorand open-air dealing targeted, involvedthe development of two separate, butcomplementary, units focused on indoor salesand open-air street markets.Majority of officers stated that drug dealersadapted their operations to counter theincreased risk of arrest. No apparentsignificant impact.San Diego,California1989Crackdown100 uniformed officers engaged in highvisibility patrol in problem drug areas tocombat gang and drug problems. 20-30plain clothes, undercover officers respondingto citizen complaints through the use ofinformants, controlled buys, buy-bustoperations and search warrants. 5 plainclothes undercover officers targeted mid-levelcrack dealers. The 3 teams also used directedpatrol, arresting users and dealers for otheroffences, traffic stops, surveillance, reversestings and raids.Police perceived their efforts to impact onthe purity and price of drugs but were lessconfident their efforts impacted demandor availability. Police records suggestedthat buy-busts were the most effectivestrategy in making sales arrests, followedby the execution of search warrants, andobservation. Further, patrol/traffic stopswere the most effective strategy for makingpossession arrests, following the execution ofsearch warrants, observation, and buy-busts.Crack cocaine in the Dublin region: an evidence base for a crack cocaine strategy137
Appendix C:Recent HRB series publicationsHRB Research SeriesTedstone Doherty D, Moran R and Kartalova-O’Doherty Y (2008) Psychological distress,mental health problems and use of health services: assembling the pieces of support needsfor mental health problems in Ireland. HRB Research Series 5. Dublin: Health ResearchBoard.Gallagher S, Tedstone Doherty D, Moran R and Kartalova-O’Doherty Y (2008) Internetuse and seeking health information online in Ireland: demographic characteristics andmental health characteristics of users and non-users. HRB Research Series 4. Dublin:Health Research Board.Daly A, Tedstone Doherty D and Walsh D (2007) Re-admissions to Irish psychiatric unitsand hospitals 2001–2005. HRB Research Series 3. Dublin: Health Research Board.HRB Overview SeriesWalsh D (2008) Suicide, attempted suicide and prevention in Ireland and elsewhere.Overview 7. Dublin: Health Research Board.Mongan D, Reynolds S, Fanagan S and Long J (2007) Health-related consequences ofproblem alcohol use. Overview 6. Dublin: Health Research Board.Keane M (2007) Social reintegration as a response to drug use in Ireland. Overview 5.Dublin: Health Research Board.HRB Statistics SeriesDaly A, Walsh D and Moran R (2007) Activities of Irish Psychiatric Units and Hospitals2006. HRB Statistics Series 4. Dublin: Health Research Board.O’Donovan M-A, Doyle A and Craig S (2007) National Physical and Sensory DisabilityDatabase Committee annual report 2007. HRB Statistics Series 3. Dublin: HealthResearch Board.Kelly F, Kelly C and Craig S (2007) Annual report of the National Intellectual DisabilityDatabase Committee 2007. HRB Statistics Series 2. Dublin: Health Research Board.138 Crack cocaine in the Dublin region: an evidence base for a crack cocaine strategy
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HRB Research Series6Crack cocaine i
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This publication should be cited as
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HRB Research Series publicationsto
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ContentsList of tables and figures
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7 Social consequences of crack use
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List of tables and figuresTablesTab
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AbbreviationsADRUGNDUHRBISCCSGLDTFN
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Glossary of termsBenzos: The street
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Executive summaryBackground and stu
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phone and buyers are directed to sp
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Part 1IntroductionCrack cocaine in
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In the light of these concerns, it
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extensive reporting in the US about
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Ten interviews were conducted with
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also offers potential to trace supp
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Part 2Crack cocaine in the Dublin r
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2.2 Criminal justice data - cocaine
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Prevalence of crack use among homel
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Local survey dataA survey in 2006 o
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Respondent 1: I’d say it’s stil
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3 Dublin crack cocaine market3.0 Ov
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sold on the street for as little as
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Like, I was down on M… Street in
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3.4 Marketing crackFour interviewee
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While crack was generally bought al
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• Although a number of dealers, o
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4.2 Crack use and genderAccording t
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From about 16 to 21 I would say - t
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Table 4.4Number of new cases who li
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5.2 Crack and other drugsMany of th
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Whether treated cases reported crac
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cases of intravenous cocaine use, t
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Table 5.5Number (%) of new cases wh
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Part 3Consequences of crack useCrac
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etween heroin, cocaine and crime. T
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So, they would talk about the kind
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Crack and prostitutionNine services
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On the other hand, reports from two
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often with a prevalence of opiate d
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The data provided by the NDTRS in S
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But you know it would be about kind
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So, debt is another significant iss
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7.6 Key findings• A significant p
Page 88 and 89: There are considerable long-term ps
Page 90: 8.3 Psychological consequences of c
Page 93 and 94: 9 Treating crack use9.0 OverviewIn
Page 95 and 96: Some services were in a position to
Page 97 and 98: Both opiate-dependent and non-opiat
Page 99 and 100: • more outreach work to identify
Page 101 and 102: 10 Policing crack markets10.0 Overv
Page 103 and 104: local communities. There is growing
Page 105 and 106: He’d know me, I’d know him, you
Page 107 and 108: Table 10.1 Number of new cases who
Page 109 and 110: 108 Crack cocaine in the Dublin reg
Page 111 and 112: 11 Discussion and research implicat
Page 113 and 114: 11.2 Responding to crack markets an
Page 115 and 116: 11.3 Reducing the harm that crack c
Page 117 and 118: Shoplifting, burglary and robbery w
Page 119 and 120: Bourgois P (2003b) Crack and the po
Page 121 and 122: Furey M and Browne C (2004) Opiate
Page 123 and 124: Loughran H and McCann ME (2006) A c
Page 125 and 126: San Diego Police Department (1998)
Page 127 and 128: Appendix A:An evidence base for tre
Page 129 and 130: note that providing information on
Page 131 and 132: MedicationsA number of studies have
Page 133 and 134: interpersonal psychotherapy. Americ
Page 135 and 136: Jurisdiction Intervention/Descripti
Page 137: Jurisdiction Intervention/Descripti
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