Crack cocaine in the Dublin region - Health Research Board

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Like, I was down on M… Street in May this year and I must have been asked three or fourtimes was I looking for crack, was I looking for rocks. Whereas before you had to knowwhere you were going, you had to know who to ask but they were openly asking were youlooking for rocks.Former crack user, unspecified location (October 2007)I started going into town, up around M… Street like you’d be walking up M… Street and twoor three black fellas would stop you before you got from one end to another ‘Are you lookingfor white?’ but I never like, you hear lots of horror stories about them ripping and things likethat...north-east Dublin, current crack user (September 2007)On the other hand, three users outlined the cautious approach to dealing employed byWest African dealers in particular.If you’re talking about M…. Street …they’d say ring in 20 minutes and they would ringsomeone else and another coloured 17 guy would go to that coloured guy and bring it downand cross over. …And that man is shaking their hand; he is dropping the rock while you’repassing the money at the shop doors. It’s mad the way it works. Like it’s being watched a lotby undercover police. So that’s why they meet you offsite now. So, I don’t know if they are stilldoing it… But yeah it’s being watched a lot so everybody is wise to that. But if there is no-onekind of around they do all go up and down, straddling around, secretly to anybody.north-inner city, current crack user (October 2007)At least one popular dealer based in Dublin city centre would not sell to unknownbuyers unless they had been introduced by trusted clients. Contact between dealers andbuyers was reported as being maintained in many cases by mobile phone, with specificmeeting points arranged for an exchange:I would say about 15 people come to me to get the stuff… And when I went and met thecoloured guy I said to him ‘Look, listen’ I said. ‘Can I introduce one of me friends to you like,this person will be grand and this person will get everybody else’s money and you know youcan go like to meet them. Wherever you say they will go and they will meet you.’ He wasn’thaving any of it because he’s convinced two of the people that are good buyers like myselfthat they are trying to set him up.north-east Dublin, current crack user (October 2007)He’d know me, I’d know him, you know? If I was ringing from a landline, you know I’d say –‘Look, I have money, are you available?’ ‘Yeah meet me up at...’ So, you’d walk up and meethim then, you’d give him the money and if you were on a mobile, more times than not he’d17 According to the NCCRI the word ‘coloured’ is now considered to be a derogatory term in Ireland andmany other countries. It was frequently used in the US in the past and was enshrined in law in SouthAfrica during the apartheid era when the term Coloureds was one of the four main racial groupsidentified by law (Blacks, Whites, Coloureds and Indian). See www.nccri.ie/pdf/govterminology.pdfCrack cocaine in the Dublin region: an evidence base for a crack cocaine strategy45
walk out of his flat, come down and meet you at a certain spot and the crack would be thereon the ground. He’d after being out before you got up there and it’d be under a can, it’d bebeside a bin. That he wasn’t carrying it down the street in case he got arrested, he’d give youthe money – there it’s under that, in the bin, it’s behind that can, it’s under that wheel.Former crack user, unspecified location (October 2007)Information regarding distribution outside the city centre was less easy to obtain.However, findings indicate that crack markets operating outside Dublin city centreexhibit closed-market characteristics, i.e. exchanges are arranged using mobile phonecontact.Somebody gave me a number, they told me a young fella … there’s four different young fellasas far as I know, selling rock, up in Ballymun. And somebody gave me a phone number andtold me to say, like, I sent you up, so I rang the geezer and said ‘what’s the story, I’m a friendof such and such, are you doing rock?’ And he goes ‘yeah, yeah’, and said ‘I’m going to jumpthe bus up to you…’ So, when I got up and I rang him then, up in Ballymun and he talkedme into going to meet him, where I had to meet him.north-east Dublin, current crack user (October 2007)It was reported that there is a growing number of local Irish dealers involved in thedistribution of crack, especially outside the inner city. Where crack is available locally,there is reportedly only a small number of individuals dealing in the drug who mayuse young sellers (who may not themselves be users of the drug) or older users todistribute the drug in different communities.But over the last couple of months there has been a major increase in the supply of crack. Alot more organised and structured. Not … there’s not many people doing it, but the peoplethat are have it well sewn up you know. It’s readily available now… There’s not many peopledealing it, as in control of it. There’s a couple of people at the moment in control of the crackand how it’s being dispensed through the area...Clondalkin, drug-treatment service (October 2007)They were going down to M… Street and going down to Dublin 8. But now over the last Iwould say three or four weeks, it’s being sold in Dublin 12 … so there is about four peoplein the community that could be named as a dealer for crack cocaine but as I said it’s only inthe last few weeks…Dublin 12, drug-treatment service (October 2007)46 Crack cocaine in the Dublin region: an evidence base for a crack cocaine strategy
Page 1 and 2: HRB Research Series6Crack cocaine i
Page 3 and 4: This publication should be cited as
Page 5 and 6: HRB Research Series publicationsto
Page 8 and 9: ContentsList of tables and figures
Page 10 and 11: 7 Social consequences of crack use
Page 12 and 13: List of tables and figuresTablesTab
Page 14 and 15: AbbreviationsADRUGNDUHRBISCCSGLDTFN
Page 16 and 17: Glossary of termsBenzos: The street
Page 18 and 19: Executive summaryBackground and stu
Page 20 and 21: phone and buyers are directed to sp
Page 22 and 23: Part 1IntroductionCrack cocaine in
Page 24 and 25: In the light of these concerns, it
Page 26 and 27: extensive reporting in the US about
Page 28 and 29: Ten interviews were conducted with
Page 30 and 31: also offers potential to trace supp
Page 32 and 33: Part 2Crack cocaine in the Dublin r
Page 34 and 35: 2.2 Criminal justice data - cocaine
Page 36 and 37: Prevalence of crack use among homel
Page 38 and 39: Local survey dataA survey in 2006 o
Page 40 and 41: Respondent 1: I’d say it’s stil
Page 42 and 43: 3 Dublin crack cocaine market3.0 Ov
Page 44 and 45: sold on the street for as little as
Page 48 and 49: 3.4 Marketing crackFour interviewee
Page 50 and 51: While crack was generally bought al
Page 52 and 53: • Although a number of dealers, o
Page 54 and 55: 4.2 Crack use and genderAccording t
Page 56 and 57: From about 16 to 21 I would say - t
Page 58 and 59: Table 4.4Number of new cases who li
Page 60 and 61: 5.2 Crack and other drugsMany of th
Page 62 and 63: Whether treated cases reported crac
Page 64 and 65: cases of intravenous cocaine use, t
Page 66 and 67: Table 5.5Number (%) of new cases wh
Page 68 and 69: Part 3Consequences of crack useCrac
Page 70 and 71: etween heroin, cocaine and crime. T
Page 72 and 73: So, they would talk about the kind
Page 74 and 75: Crack and prostitutionNine services
Page 76 and 77: On the other hand, reports from two
Page 78 and 79: often with a prevalence of opiate d
Page 80 and 81: The data provided by the NDTRS in S
Page 82 and 83: But you know it would be about kind
Page 84 and 85: So, debt is another significant iss
Page 86 and 87: 7.6 Key findings• A significant p
Page 88 and 89: There are considerable long-term ps
Page 90: 8.3 Psychological consequences of c
Page 93 and 94: 9 Treating crack use9.0 OverviewIn
Page 95 and 96: Some services were in a position to
Page 97 and 98:
Both opiate-dependent and non-opiat
Page 99 and 100:
• more outreach work to identify
Page 101 and 102:
10 Policing crack markets10.0 Overv
Page 103 and 104:
local communities. There is growing
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He’d know me, I’d know him, you
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Table 10.1 Number of new cases who
Page 109 and 110:
108 Crack cocaine in the Dublin reg
Page 111 and 112:
11 Discussion and research implicat
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11.2 Responding to crack markets an
Page 115 and 116:
11.3 Reducing the harm that crack c
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Shoplifting, burglary and robbery w
Page 119 and 120:
Bourgois P (2003b) Crack and the po
Page 121 and 122:
Furey M and Browne C (2004) Opiate
Page 123 and 124:
Loughran H and McCann ME (2006) A c
Page 125 and 126:
San Diego Police Department (1998)
Page 127 and 128:
Appendix A:An evidence base for tre
Page 129 and 130:
note that providing information on
Page 131 and 132:
MedicationsA number of studies have
Page 133 and 134:
interpersonal psychotherapy. Americ
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Jurisdiction Intervention/Descripti
Page 137 and 138:
Jurisdiction Intervention/Descripti
Page 139 and 140:
Appendix C:Recent HRB series public
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140 Crack cocaine in the Dublin reg
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