Crack cocaine in the Dublin region - Health Research Board

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Local survey dataA survey in 2006 of 28 drug-treatment services that sought to assess cocaine use inDublin communities reported use of crack among clients (CityWide 2006). Ten of theprojects surveyed reported that crack cocaine was being used locally but that none oftheir own clients were users. Five projects were currently working with clients whowere using crack. One project reported that there were two houses in their area wherecrack was being sold and used.2.5 Crack use in local drugs task force areasInformation from service providers and data from the NDTRS suggest that some drugtreatmentservices have been aware of small numbers of clients using crack since thelate 1990s, but that significant numbers of cases began presenting for treatment onlyin 2003, mainly in north Dublin. Services in Tallaght, Finglas, Dublin 12 and Clondalkinreported a marked increase in clients presenting with problem crack use from themiddle of 2006.Well I’m here two years and it has been here for two years before that. The last place I workedin there was definitely a problem with it. So, I mean I personally in my work, it’s actually beenaround definitely in the last 10 years, on and off. Maybe not as big a problem as it seems tobe the last two, three, four years maybe.north-inner city, drug-treatment service (September 2007)The first time crack was brought to our attention in terms of anybody here using it wouldhave been about six months ago. Six to eight months ago I’d say, where two clients… whereit was mentioned first off that two particular clients were dabbling at the weekend...Tallaght, drug-treatment service (October 2007)But over the last couple of months there has been a major increase in the supply of crack.A lot more organised and structured. Not … there’s not many people doing it [dealing], butthe people that are, have it well sewn up you know. It’s readily available now… there’s acouple of people at the moment in control of the crack and how it’s being dispensed throughthe area. There’s a lot of people using it.Clondalkin, drug-treatment service (October 2007)At least one drug-treatment service in each of the LDTFs reported clients receivingtreatment for crack use. The larger groups of new cases treated for crack cocaine uselived in Clondalkin, the north-inner city, the Northside Partnership area and Tallaght(Table 2.2).Crack cocaine in the Dublin region: an evidence base for a crack cocaine strategy37
Table 2.2Number of new cases who lived in Dublin and reported crack cocaine as a problemdrug, by task force area of residence, as reported to the NDTRS, 2004 to 2006New crack cocaine casesLDTF area of residence Number %Other Dublin* 10 28.6Clondalkin 5 14.3North-inner city 4 11.4Northside Partnership 4 11.4Tallaght 3 8.6Finglas-Cabra 2 5.7Ballyfermot 1 2.9Ballymun 1 2.9Blanchardstown 1 2.9Canal Communities 1 2.9Dublin 12 1 2.9Dun Laoghaire-Rathdown 1 2.9South Inner City 1 2.9Total 35 100.0*Includes cases who lived in parts of Dublin not designated as task force areas; also includes cases whose electoraldivision of residence in Dublin was not specified.In-depth interviews found a similar geographic distribution pattern to that indicatedby the NDTRS data. Of the 31 drug-treatment and social services that participated ininterviews and focus groups for this study, 24 reported an increase in crack use intheir locality. Among these services, crack-using clients represent a small proportionof cases attending treatment services, with numbers per service ranging from 2 to 20approximately. While at least one service in every LDTF area reported clients presentingwith problem crack use, services in Dublin 12, Finglas, Clondalkin, the north-inner cityand Ballymun regarded the use and/or availability of crack as a growing issue in theirlocality:Like I saw between January and June I would have seen about 50 people. Now, not all of themwould be, they would I would say about 30 of them would have been injecting cocaine. AndI would say probably 20 of them now have gone on to use crack.Dublin 12, drug-treatment service (October 2007)From people who have walked into me probably about 15 but anecdotally probably about 15or 20 I would say that haven’t presented themselves to the service yet.Finglas, drug-treatment service (October 2007)I think we’d about 15 people I think 16 people total I think over the last few months … it’s actually6 that are regular users, and the rest of them they come in every couple of weeks to us.Ballymun, outreach worker (December 2007)38 Crack cocaine in the Dublin region: an evidence base for a crack cocaine strategy
Page 1 and 2: HRB Research Series6Crack cocaine i
Page 3 and 4: This publication should be cited as
Page 5 and 6: HRB Research Series publicationsto
Page 8 and 9: ContentsList of tables and figures
Page 10 and 11: 7 Social consequences of crack use
Page 12 and 13: List of tables and figuresTablesTab
Page 14 and 15: AbbreviationsADRUGNDUHRBISCCSGLDTFN
Page 16 and 17: Glossary of termsBenzos: The street
Page 18 and 19: Executive summaryBackground and stu
Page 20 and 21: phone and buyers are directed to sp
Page 22 and 23: Part 1IntroductionCrack cocaine in
Page 24 and 25: In the light of these concerns, it
Page 26 and 27: extensive reporting in the US about
Page 28 and 29: Ten interviews were conducted with
Page 30 and 31: also offers potential to trace supp
Page 32 and 33: Part 2Crack cocaine in the Dublin r
Page 34 and 35: 2.2 Criminal justice data - cocaine
Page 36 and 37: Prevalence of crack use among homel
Page 40 and 41: Respondent 1: I’d say it’s stil
Page 42 and 43: 3 Dublin crack cocaine market3.0 Ov
Page 44 and 45: sold on the street for as little as
Page 46 and 47: Like, I was down on M… Street in
Page 48 and 49: 3.4 Marketing crackFour interviewee
Page 50 and 51: While crack was generally bought al
Page 52 and 53: • Although a number of dealers, o
Page 54 and 55: 4.2 Crack use and genderAccording t
Page 56 and 57: From about 16 to 21 I would say - t
Page 58 and 59: Table 4.4Number of new cases who li
Page 60 and 61: 5.2 Crack and other drugsMany of th
Page 62 and 63: Whether treated cases reported crac
Page 64 and 65: cases of intravenous cocaine use, t
Page 66 and 67: Table 5.5Number (%) of new cases wh
Page 68 and 69: Part 3Consequences of crack useCrac
Page 70 and 71: etween heroin, cocaine and crime. T
Page 72 and 73: So, they would talk about the kind
Page 74 and 75: Crack and prostitutionNine services
Page 76 and 77: On the other hand, reports from two
Page 78 and 79: often with a prevalence of opiate d
Page 80 and 81: The data provided by the NDTRS in S
Page 82 and 83: But you know it would be about kind
Page 84 and 85: So, debt is another significant iss
Page 86 and 87: 7.6 Key findings• A significant p
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There are considerable long-term ps
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8.3 Psychological consequences of c
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9 Treating crack use9.0 OverviewIn
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Some services were in a position to
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Both opiate-dependent and non-opiat
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• more outreach work to identify
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10 Policing crack markets10.0 Overv
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local communities. There is growing
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He’d know me, I’d know him, you
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Table 10.1 Number of new cases who
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108 Crack cocaine in the Dublin reg
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11 Discussion and research implicat
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11.2 Responding to crack markets an
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11.3 Reducing the harm that crack c
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Shoplifting, burglary and robbery w
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Bourgois P (2003b) Crack and the po
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Furey M and Browne C (2004) Opiate
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Loughran H and McCann ME (2006) A c
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San Diego Police Department (1998)
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Appendix A:An evidence base for tre
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note that providing information on
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MedicationsA number of studies have
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interpersonal psychotherapy. Americ
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Jurisdiction Intervention/Descripti
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Jurisdiction Intervention/Descripti
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Appendix C:Recent HRB series public
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140 Crack cocaine in the Dublin reg
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