The Winton M. Blount Postal History Symposia - Smithsonian ...

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1 4 6 • s m i t h s o n i a n c o n t r i b u t i o n s t o h i s t o ry a n d t e c h n o l o g y4. Report of the Postmaster General, 1845, p. 859.5. Report of the Postmaster General, 1845, p. 859.6. Senate Resolutions, 26th Congress, 1st Session, June 10,18407. Report of George Plitt, Special Agent of the Post OfficeDepartment, February 3, 1841 (26th Congress, 2nd Session,Senate)8. Tiffany, John K., The History of Postage Stamps of theUnited States, (C. H. Mekeel, 1887), p. 239. Journal of the House of Representatives of the UnitedStates, Volume 41, p. 40510. Report of the Postmaster General, December 2, 1848,Doc. 1, p. 125311. Report of the Postmaster General, November 30, 1950,Doc. 1, p. 40812. Chase, Carroll, The 3¢ Stamp of the United States1851–1857 Issue, (Quarterman Publications, Inc., 1942), p. 313. Hulme II, W. Wilson, “July 1, 1851 Usages of the 1851Issue,” The 1851 Issue of United States Stamps: a SesquicentennialPerspective, (U.S. Philatelic Classics Society, Inc., NewOrleans, 2006), p. 10714. “Metropolitan Post Offices- New York,” The IllustratedMagazine of Art, (John Cassell), London, 1853, Vol. I,p. 26815. Report of the Postmaster General, December 1, 1856,p. 764; Report of the Postmaster General, December 1, 1845,Doc. 2, p. 85016. Report of the Postmaster General, 1856.BIBLIOGRAPHYCassell, John. “Metropolitan Post Offices- New York.” The IllustratedMagazine of Art, 1(1853): 268.Chase, Carroll. The 3¢ Stamp of the United States 1851–1857Issue. Lawrence, Mass.: Quarterman Publications, 1942.Hulme, W. Wilson, II. “July 1 1851 Usages of the 1851 Issue.” InThe 1851 Issue of United States Stamps: a SesquicentennialPerspective, ed. Hubert C. Skinner and Charles J. Peterson.New Orleans, La.: U.S. Philatelic Classics Society, 2006.Tiffany, John K. History of the Postage Stamps of the UnitedStates of America. St Louis, Mo.: C. H. Mekeel, 1887.U.S. Congress. House. Journal of the House of Representativesof the United States, 29th Congress, 1st Session. Volume 41.February 1846.U.S. Congress. Senate. Report of George Plitt, Special Agent ofthe Post Office Department, February 3, 1841. 26th Congress,2nd Session, 1841.———. Resolutions. 26th Congress, 1st session, 10 June 1845.U.S. Post Office Department. Report of the Postmaster General,1 December 1845. Washington D. C.: Government PrintingOffice, 1845.———. Report of the Postmaster General, 2 December 1848.Washington D. C.: Government Printing Office, 1848.———. Report of the Postmaster General, 2 December 1856.Washington D. C.: Government Printing Office, 1856.———. Report of the Postmaster General, 30 November 1950.Washington D. C.: Government Printing Office, 1950.
From the Pulpit to the Post: Anti- Clericalismand Communication in Orizaba, 1857–1867Rachel A. MooreIn 1855, residents of Orizaba, a burgeoning town between Mexico’s mainAtlantic port of Veracruz and the national capital, saw the urban geographyof their town change. In the first half of the nineteenth century, thetown had been home to so many churches and religious orders that is had beencalled “one giant convent.” 1 Indeed, one can see the many churches that dottedorizaba’s landscape in the nineteenth century in Juan Moritz Rugendas’ depictionof the town. However, after the passage of laws that forced the CatholicChurch in Mexico to sell off all property and allowed the government to seizechurch holdings, 2 new uses were found for the forcibly vacated religious buildings.In Orizaba, what had been the oratory of the religious order of San FelipeNeri was now occupied by the town’s new post office.The superimposing of a secular means of diffusing information over a religiousone reflects the unique evolution of individuals’ relationships with thepostal service in Mexico. This paper will examine the ways in which the peopleof Orizaba and the larger state of Veracruz filled what one Orizaba newspapercalled “the vacuum left by the exit of the religious communities” 3 with newspaperreading, letter writing and, as a result, increasing demands for a morecomprehensive postal system. These demands included requests for more frequentand personalized postal delivery as well as more reliable and politicallyimpartial postal employees. By the end of the nineteenth century, demands foran improved postal system drowned out any demands that might have beenmade for better treatment of the clergy on the part of the national government.In their reaction to the expulsion of the religious community of San FelipeNeri, there seemed to be little sign of the renowned parochial nature of the residentsof Orizaba. When the friars were abruptly forced to abandon the location,there was no outcry from the local population. 4 The litigation the event did generateinvolved what looks to be an intra- office squabble: for at least eight yearsafter the passage of the Lerdo Law, the new postmaster of Orizaba lodged grievanceswith the government about the self- serving ways of his predecessor, whohad requisitioned a house for his father- in- law. Nowhere in the documentationdid anyone take issue with the expulsion of the religious themselves.However in that same year, residents of Orizaba and the nearby town ofCórdoba petitioned the imperial government of French interloper Maxi milianfor more comprehensive and reliable mail service. The following year they
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Smithsonian InstitutionScholarly Pr
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smithsonian contributions to histor
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ContentsLETTER FROM THE DIRECTOR OF
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AcknowledgmentsThe symposium would
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n u m b e r 5 5 • 2 5Table 1. GEA
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n u m b e r 5 5 • 2 7Figure 5. MA
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Explorations in the Official Regist
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n u m b e r 5 5 • 3 1receipts. De
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