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The Winton M. Blount Postal History Symposia - Smithsonian ...

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6 8 • s m i t h s o n i a n c o n t r i b u t i o n s t o h i s t o ry a n d t e c h n o l o g y7. Crampton and Crampton, pp. 41, 77; Hupchick andCox, maps 44, 48, 49; MacMillan, pp. 235–236, 238, 269–270;Kati Marton, <strong>The</strong> Great Escape: Nine Jews Who Fled Hitler andChanged the World, p. 39.8. A semipostal stamp is a postage stamp that sells for morethan the cost of postage. <strong>The</strong> difference between the postage rateand the price of the stamp is contributed to a charity. <strong>The</strong>refore asemi- postal postage stamp has two functions: paying for postageand raising funds for a charitable cause.9. Scott 2004 Standard Postage Stamp Catalogue, vol. 3,p. 698; Kent B. Stiles, “Of Topical Interest,” Scott’s MonthlyJournal, vol. XX, no. 1 (March 1939), pp. 18–19, 24, 26;Frederick Wall, “<strong>The</strong> Designs of the Month,” Gibbons StampMonthly, vol. XII, no. 6 (March 1939), pp. 105–107; MarianCarne Zinsmeister, Hungarian Stamps and their Background,1871–1940, pp. 22–23.10. <strong>The</strong> Czechoslovak stamps mentioned are Scott numbers64 and 86.11. Crampton and Crampton, pp. 111, 135; Hupchick andCox, map 49.12. Scott 2004 Standard Postage Stamp Catalogue, vol. 5,p. 520; Frederick Wall, “<strong>The</strong> Designs of the Month,” GibbonsStamp Monthly, vol. XIII, no. 11 (August 1940), p. 149.13. Hupchick and Cox, map 45; Jacques Posell, “<strong>The</strong> WarIssues of Romania,” in Sixteenth American Philatelic CongressBook, pp. 157, 159; Seton- Watson, pp. 213–214, 400.14. Crampton and Crampton, pp. 41, 77, 121; Hupchickand Cox, maps 44, 46, 49; Paul Lendvai, <strong>The</strong> Hungarians: AThousand Years of Victory in Defeat, p. 25; MacMillan, pp.260–261; Seton- Watson, pp. 270–271, 297–303, 343–344.15. Stanley Gibbons Simplified Catalogue: Stamps of theWorld, 1997 ed., vol. I (London: Stanley Gibbons Ltd., 1996),p. 967; Lendvai, pp. 24–25; Scott 2004 Standard Postage StampCatalogue, vol. 3, p. 699; Frederick Wall, “<strong>The</strong> Designs of theMonth,” Gibbons Stamp Monthly, vol. XIV, no. 8 (April 1941),p. 57; Zinsmeister, pp. 25–26.16. It appears on subsequent Hungarian semi- postal stampsissued to raise money for the Horthy National Aviation Fund(Hungary, Scott B141, B170). Scott 2004 Standard PostageStamp Catalogue, vol. 3, pp. 699, 700.17. In 1955 this stamp won third prize in an internationalcontest for the best stamp portraying the Virgin Mary, sponsoredby the St. Gabriel International Society for Collectors of ChristianMotives [sic] on Postage Stamps. “Saar Stamp wins GabrielContest,” Linn’s Weekly Stamp News, vol. XXXIII, no. 6 (April18, 1955), p. 10.18. Crampton and Crampton, pp. 21, 41, 49, 121, 135;Hupchick and Cox, map 49; MacMillan, pp. 121, 123, 136–137, 140–142; Seton- Watson, pp. 270–271, 390.19. Scott 2004 Standard Postage Stamp Catalogue, vol. 1,p. 962; Frederick Wall, “<strong>The</strong> Designs of the Month,” GibbonsStamp Monthly, vol. XIV, no. 6 (Feb. 1941), p. 47.20. Crampton and Crampton, pp. 21, 41, 49, 133, 135; Hupchickand Cox, maps 47, 49; MacMillan, pp. 121, 123–124, 136–137, 142; Seton- Watson, pp. 271, 311, 313–316, 352, 355, 364.21. R. J. Crampton, A Concise <strong>History</strong> of Bulgaria, pp. 12,16; Michel Europa- Katalog Ost, 1995/96, p. 145; Scott 2004Standard Postage Stamp Catalogue, vol. 1, pp. 962–963.22. Hupchick and Cox, map 49; Posell, p. 159.23. Paul Robert Magocsi, Historical Atlas of Central Europe,pp. 29–30; Posell; Scott 2004 Standard Postage StampCatalogue, vol. 5, p. 491; Seton- Watson, pp. 213–214.24. Stoetzer, pp. 9–10.25. On the varying degrees of subservience to Hitler and theAxis, see Seton- Watson, p. 197.26. This was not the only Romanian stamp that reflectedthe country’s pro- Axis, anti- Soviet foreign policy orientation. InAugust 1941 Romania issued a set of four semi- postal stamps toraise money for its Anti- Bolshevism crusade; one of them portraysa Romanian and a German soldier, side by side (Romania,Scott B 170–173). A second set of semi- postal stamps issuedin 1943 marks the second anniversary of Romania’s entry intoWorld War II (Romania, Scott B207–209). Posell, pp. 157, 159;Scott 2004 Standard Postage Stamp Catalogue, vol. 5, pp. 491,492; Stoetzer, p. 19.27. MacMillan, p. 128; Posell; Seton- Watson, pp. 198, 213–216, 363, 385–386, 390–391, 400–401.BibliographyChild, Jack. Miniature Messages: <strong>The</strong> Semiotics and Politics ofLatin American Postage Stamps. Durham, N. C.: Duke UniversityPress, 2008.Crampton, R. J. A Concise <strong>History</strong> of Bulgaria. Cambridge,U. K.: Cambridge University Press, 1997.Crampton, Richard, and Ben Crampton. Atlas of Eastern Europein the Twentieth Century. New York: Routledge, 1997.Harper, Alf. Philately of the Third Reich: Postage and Propaganda.Raleigh, N. C.: Album, 1998.Hupchick, Dennis P., and Harold E. Cox. <strong>The</strong> Palgrave ConciseHistorical Atlas of Eastern Europe. New York: Palgrave, 2001.Lendvai, Paul. <strong>The</strong> Hungarians: A Thousand Years of Victory inDefeat. Trans. Ann Major. Princeton, N. J.: Princeton UniversityPress, 2003.MacMillan, Margaret. Paris 1919: Six Months that Changed theWorld. New York: Random House, 2002.Magocsi, Paul Robert. Historical Atlas of Central Europe, revisedand expanded ed. Seattle: University of WashingtonPress, 2002.Marton, Kati. <strong>The</strong> Great Escape: Nine Jews Who Fled Hitler andChange the World. New York: Simon and Schuster, 2006.Michel Europa- Katalog Ost, 1995/96. Munich: SchwanebergerVerlag GmbH, 1995.Moore, Albert L. <strong>Postal</strong> Propaganda of the Third Reich. Atglen,Pa.: Schiffer Military <strong>History</strong>, 2003.Mulford, Montgomery. “Postage Stamps as Propaganda.”Mechanix Illustrated, Oct. 1938, pp. 86, 135.Piazza, Daniel A. “Perforated Propaganda.” Lecture given at the<strong>Smithsonian</strong> National <strong>Postal</strong> Museum, September 18, 2009.

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