RAINFOR GEM Intensive Plots Manual (pdf) - University of Oxford

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How can I set up a new plot?That is exactly what this manual is all about! Setting up an intensive carbon monitoring plot is a tough job andmuch depends on having a well-motivated team of at least 4 people who are familiar with the location wherethe plot is to be established. However, it is an advantage that the equipment required is almost entirely ‘lowtech’(apart from the IRGA, Appx. II), which means that these protocols may be followed in virtually any forest- even if the host country has relatively little infrastructure.For specific information for the site(s) you will be visiting or working at (e.g. trail maps, rainfall data),please browse the contacts listed on GEM http://gem.tropicalforests.ox.ac.uk/ (where you will also find thismanual and associated data sheets) and/or http://www.ForestPlots.net/. For how to start with the RAINFOR-GEM protocols, read on below ...6
Two RAINFOR-GEM hectare plots in the Trocha Union, Cusco, Peru.1. SETTING OUT THE PLOT and the TREE CENSUS:1.1 Where to place a census plot?The general strategy is to maintain sample forest plots across the edaphic range within each climatic zone andregional plot cluster (Phillips et al. 2009, Metcalfe et al. 2009). New plots should ideally be randomly locatedwithin local, geomorphological strata that satisfy certain logistical criteria. New plots should(1) be on reasonably homogenous soil parent material and soil type,(2) have adequate access,(3) have sufficient long-term security from human disturbance and(4) have sufficient long-term institutional support 3 .However, in most tropical research sites accurate habitat maps are unavailable, which prohibits completelystratified sampling at large scales. Similarly, at local scales, identifying geomorphological strata is difficult ifaccurate soil maps are lacking. Satellite images help in identifying the range of vegetation types that might befound in any one area, but problems with the resolution and lack of ground-truthing limit the ability toaccurately predict the exact distribution. Information from local residents and botanists who know the area canbe very useful. Logistical constraints are also important: it is impractical to locate a plot more than 2-3 hoursfrom vehicular access, and it can be difficult to fit a 1 ha plot into a forest that is dissected by tracks 4 .3 These requirements are similar to those listed in Condit (1998).4 For example, TEAM (2010) advise no less than 100 m, and no more than 500 m, from any trail.7
Page 1: Measuring Tropical ForestCarbon All
Page 5 and 6: ContentsTHE RAINFOR-GEM INTENSIVE C
Page 7 and 8: The RAINFOR-GEM Intensive Carbon Mo
Page 9 and 10: What are the RAINFOR-GEM protocols?
Page 11: Where can I get data from existing
Page 15 and 16: 1.2 Setting out the plotSubplot cor
Page 17 and 18: An example surveying path (cf. Cond
Page 19 and 20: Required for jobs that can be sched
Page 21 and 22: Tree #487 in Fragment E plot where
Page 23 and 24: 1.4 Tagging small trees*** Note tha
Page 25 and 26: does, measure underneath the lean o
Page 27 and 28: Measuring a liana at three points i
Page 29 and 30: BOX 2: Five unusual trees.Example 1
Page 31 and 32: Example 3: Here is a large liana on
Page 33 and 34: 1.5 Tree heightTree height should b
Page 35 and 36: 1.6 Sketch map of the plotAt this p
Page 37 and 38: 2. BELOW GROUND MEASUREMENTSWe star
Page 39 and 40: Next, insert the cylindrical core i
Page 41 and 42: BOX 3: How to make an in-growth cor
Page 43 and 44: 2.2 RhizotronsRoot observation pits
Page 45 and 46: sure that it covers the hole but no
Page 47 and 48: An example rhizotron transparency f
Page 49 and 50: Analysis: First, calculate the sum
Page 51 and 52: A metallic rhizotron as in use at t
Page 53 and 54: 2.3 Coarse rootsNeither in-growth c
Page 55 and 56: 3. CO 2 EFFLUX3.1 Total soil CO 2 e
Page 57 and 58: 3.2 Stem CO 2 effluxFirst, choose t
Page 59 and 60: e related to stem growth) to check
Page 61 and 62: Equipment: IRGA and SRC-1, PVC coll
Page 63 and 64:
Control No litter Double litterNo e
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the S3 hole. Finally, discard the l
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3.4 Coarse woody debris (CWD) CO 2
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4.2 Coarse woody debris (CWD) surve
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all of the large, marked wood piece
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Equipment: 25 litter traps per ha (
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this select the straight line drawi
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http://www.eci.ox.ac.uk/research/ec
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• The tripod is level so that the
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8. WEATHER AND CLIMATELocal climate
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Luiz Aragão repairing an understor
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10. DATA ENTRY AND SERVER UPLOADA c
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APPENDIX I: RAINFOR-GEM Fieldwork c
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APPENDIX II: How to use an EGM-4 In
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• Remember to change the switch i
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CO 2 efflux calculationsWhile the E
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The volume V airspace (stippled) be
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CO 2 flux measurements with EGM: A
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Downloading dataEGM memory can stor
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APPENDIX III: Possible schedule of
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Gerwing JJ, Schnitzer SA, Burnham R
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