RAINFOR GEM Intensive Plots Manual (pdf) - University of Oxford

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9. TOPOGRAPHY, TREE MAPS, BOTANICAL DETERMINATION ANDWOOD DENSITYA botanical survey is necessary and should be carried out as soon as possible after the first census and afterevery recensus (Condit 1998), depending on the local availability of trained botanical personnel. Note that itmay be necessary to make surveys both in the wet and dry seasons to increase the likelihood of collectingreproductive material for species identification.A protocol has been formulated for measuring wood densities across a plot once botanical information isavailable http://www.geog.leeds.ac.uk/projects/rainfor/manuals/wood_density_english%5B1%5D.pdf(developed from the outline at Phillips et al. 2009:13). However, note that we do not allow tree cores to betaken within any permanent plot (the same species can be sampled outside the plots if necessary).A topographical survey is carried out as standard in SIGEO-CTFS (Condit 1998) and would be desirable, butis not currently required by RAINFOR-GEM.A tree map (i.e. measuring the x,y coordinates of each stem within each subplot) is clearly desirable andessential for studies where precise distances to stems must be calculated (e.g. fine-scale seed dispersal studies;one is carried out as standard in SIGEO-CTFS, Condit 1998). However, if all that is required is locating treesinside the plot for remeasurement, (i) the census itself shows which subplot contains each stem and (ii) after thefirst census the trees are in sequence along the known tree tagging route (see figure in §1.3) and therefore easyto locate quickly even without a map. After several censuses, new recruits mean that the trees are no longer ‘inorder’ so a tree map begins to become more useful (e.g. two examples are shown at the start of §1), howeveruntil that point this is desirable rather than essential.78
10. DATA ENTRY AND SERVER UPLOADA crucial, although often thankless, task. It is probably fair to say that the most common error people makeabout data entry is not to allow enough time for it. Estimate one day per ha census and do it in the field beforeyou leave so that errors can be checked, if necessary, by revisiting the plot straight away. Here is an examplespreadsheet from the Fragment E plot in Sabah, Malaysia (note that the full names of all personnel involvedshould be recorded in each data sheet, as shown here):79
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Measuring Tropical ForestCarbon All
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ContentsTHE RAINFOR-GEM INTENSIVE C
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The RAINFOR-GEM Intensive Carbon Mo
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What are the RAINFOR-GEM protocols?
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Where can I get data from existing
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Two RAINFOR-GEM hectare plots in th
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1.2 Setting out the plotSubplot cor
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An example surveying path (cf. Cond
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Required for jobs that can be sched
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Tree #487 in Fragment E plot where
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1.4 Tagging small trees*** Note tha
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does, measure underneath the lean o
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Measuring a liana at three points i
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BOX 2: Five unusual trees.Example 1
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Example 3: Here is a large liana on
Page 33 and 34: 1.5 Tree heightTree height should b
Page 35 and 36: 1.6 Sketch map of the plotAt this p
Page 37 and 38: 2. BELOW GROUND MEASUREMENTSWe star
Page 39 and 40: Next, insert the cylindrical core i
Page 41 and 42: BOX 3: How to make an in-growth cor
Page 43 and 44: 2.2 RhizotronsRoot observation pits
Page 45 and 46: sure that it covers the hole but no
Page 47 and 48: An example rhizotron transparency f
Page 49 and 50: Analysis: First, calculate the sum
Page 51 and 52: A metallic rhizotron as in use at t
Page 53 and 54: 2.3 Coarse rootsNeither in-growth c
Page 55 and 56: 3. CO 2 EFFLUX3.1 Total soil CO 2 e
Page 57 and 58: 3.2 Stem CO 2 effluxFirst, choose t
Page 59 and 60: e related to stem growth) to check
Page 61 and 62: Equipment: IRGA and SRC-1, PVC coll
Page 63 and 64: Control No litter Double litterNo e
Page 65 and 66: the S3 hole. Finally, discard the l
Page 67 and 68: 3.4 Coarse woody debris (CWD) CO 2
Page 69 and 70: 4.2 Coarse woody debris (CWD) surve
Page 71 and 72: all of the large, marked wood piece
Page 73 and 74: Equipment: 25 litter traps per ha (
Page 75 and 76: this select the straight line drawi
Page 77 and 78: http://www.eci.ox.ac.uk/research/ec
Page 79 and 80: • The tripod is level so that the
Page 81 and 82: 8. WEATHER AND CLIMATELocal climate
Page 83: Luiz Aragão repairing an understor
Page 87 and 88: APPENDIX I: RAINFOR-GEM Fieldwork c
Page 89 and 90: APPENDIX II: How to use an EGM-4 In
Page 91 and 92: • Remember to change the switch i
Page 93 and 94: CO 2 efflux calculationsWhile the E
Page 95 and 96: The volume V airspace (stippled) be
Page 97 and 98: CO 2 flux measurements with EGM: A
Page 99 and 100: Downloading dataEGM memory can stor
Page 101 and 102: APPENDIX III: Possible schedule of
Page 103 and 104: Gerwing JJ, Schnitzer SA, Burnham R
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