RAINFOR GEM Intensive Plots Manual (pdf) - University of Oxford

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*** PLEASE NOTE ****** BOTH THE IRGA (EGM) AND THE CHAMBER (SRC) ARE VERY FRAGILE ****** AND NEITHER OF THEM IS WATERPROOF ****** IF THE SRC GETS WET THEN DO NOT CONNECT IT TO THE EGM BECAUSE WATERWILL ENTER THE EGM THROUGH THE GAS-IN TUBE AND CAUSE EXTENSIVE DAMAGE ****** - DRY OUT THE SRC THOROUGHLY (INCLUDING THE GAS-IN AND GAS-OUT TUBES) ****** BEFORE REUSE ***Operating instructionsAn infra-red gas analyzer (IRGA) records the rate of CO 2 accumulation within a sealed chamber, to estimateCO 2 efflux from whatever is enclosed within the chamber (whether it is a live tree stem, dead wood or soil).There are several commercially available systems but here we use the PP-Systems EGM-4 and SRC-1 IRGAsystem because of its relative simplicity, portability and cheapness (see Pumpanen et al. 2009).- To set up, first make sure the SRC-1 came with a hydrophobic filter part 10045-1 already fitted (see manual800611 EGM4_Operation_V418.pdf p. 6) and if the power fuse was removed for delivery, insert it into theblack fuse-holder marked “1 AMP” at the back of the EGM-4. Charge the battery of the EGM-4 which can takeup to 12 hours (as it says in the manual: if the battery is not fully charged after 12 hours check the 1 A fuse isok (they blow quite often so suggest buying a bag of 1 A fuses). This fuse protects the charging circuit and ifblown, the internal battery will not take a charge). Next, connect the “in” and “out” rubber tubes of the SRC-1chamber to the corresponding “GAS IN” and “GAS OUT” ports on the EGM-4. Connect the SRC-1 serial cableto either of the I/O ports on the EGM-4.Power options (NiMH battery EGMs only): If running the EGM-4 from battery, move the battery slide-switchto “Run” not “Charge”. If running the EGM-4 from mains, move the battery slide-switch to “Charge” not“Run” and connect the mains supply to “12 V DC” (this does not mean the battery will charge from the mainssupply: it will only charge from the battery charger). ** Do not move the battery slide-switch while either thebattery charger or mains supply are connected **Do all of this before you switch on the EGM-4 (switch at back).Things to remember before going to the field:• Charge the EGM-4 the night before collecting dataA drawing for this adapter ring is given right (to fit 110 mmpiping) and is on file with the Thom Building Machine Shop(Room G.02) in Oxford, UK. The engineers there can have onemade up on request. Two points to note:(i) The drawing only specifies one screw hole rather than threebecause there seems to be inconsistency in the SRC-1s as towhere the screw holes are (take your SRC-1 into the workshopand they will spot through the remaining two holes) and(ii) Toby has added a plastic ‘O’ ring to the drawing which youneed to glue in yourself using a solvent-free glue like Evo-StikSticks Like (http://www.accessplastics.com/wpcontent/uploads/pse-all-weath-evo-stik-sticks-like-ze0021.pdf)orSimson ISR 70-03(http://www.sheffins.co.uk/Literature/ISR%2070-03.pdf).72
• Remember to change the switch in the back of the IRGA to “Charge” when charging and to “Run” whentaking measurements• Make sure previous data has been downloaded so there is space for new data to be added.• Check the colour of the soda lime (it should be replaced if ⅔rds of it is brown in colour)• Take a plastic cover for the EGM in case it rains.*** FROM THIS POINT ON: !! NO SMOKING !! ***- To make a measurement, make sure the EGM-4 has been turned on (power switch at back) and warmed up to~50°C (5-10 mins) with the SRC-1 pointing away from the soil (after warm-up the Main Menu is displayed:“1REC 2SET 3CAL 4DMP 5CLR 6CLK” and it no longer gives the message “WARM UP DELAY ...”). Keepin upright position when taking the measurements – use the hanging band.Press 1:REC (wait for it to do some checks) → 1:ALL (to RECORD ALL) → 1:LINEAR (for DATAFITTING LINEAR).At the chamber volume menu (“V: ... A: ...”) press Y/R to accept the default chamber volume, but note thevalue (e.g. 1171 cm 3 ; an equation exists to correct CO 2 efflux for changes in chamber volume - see next section- so you can always apply this after measurements).At the Measurements setting menu (“1DT:120 ...”) press Y/R to accept the default valueAt “PLOT NO = ...” enter the measurement number and press Y/R (plot numbers must all have 2 digits, e.g.use “02” instead of “2”, and you can only have 36 recorded before the memory is full ** Please note, when thememory is full, it overwrites the oldest records **).The chamber will then flush (i.e. mix chamber and atmosphere gas) for (15*1.6=) 24 sec (during this periodhold the chamber upwind and away from the body to prevent contaminating the chamber gas with yourexhalations). When it’s finished, place the SRC-1 chamber on the collar, which contains/is sealed onto theobject of interest, and press Y/R. After equilibriating for 5 sec, measurement will start and continue for 124 sec(until the second-counter display shows “END” in the bottom right corner). If the measurement appeared faultyduring the measurement or after it can be cancelled and redone by pressing N at any time. This function canalso be used to go back at any time if the wrong button was pressed by accident. Otherwise, after measurementpress Y/R then Y/R to record the measurement, and Y/R again to proceed to the next measurement.Problems• I pressed something by mistake: Press N to go back.• EGM-4 displays CHECKSUM ERROR or NONLINEAR FLUX: No problem. Don’t worry. It willautomatically select the correct equation.• Something went wrong when I was measuring the flux: When it says RECORD?, press N and take themeasurement again.• EGM-4 displays CO 2 CONCENTRATION TOO LOW:Check if the chamber is sealed with the PVC ringCheck if the fan is working properly by blowing close to the chamberCheck the colour of the soda lime –it should be replace if 2/3 of it is brown.Transfer of data- To transfer saved measurements to a computer, use a RS232 to USB converter to connect the RS232 port onthe EGM-4 to the computer. Be sure to install the necessary drivers for the converter first, and the EGM-4Transfer software. Then switch on the EGM-4 and open the Transfer software. On the EGM-4 press 4:DMP →2:DATA DUMP.In the Transfer software, press File → Preferences → Instrument Type → EGM-4 and choose the correctCom Port where the USB converter is connected, then press Transfer → Start. The software now requests thatyou select a location to save the data, select an appropriate file (file name = cax_date_plot_point73
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Measuring Tropical ForestCarbon All
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ContentsTHE RAINFOR-GEM INTENSIVE C
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The RAINFOR-GEM Intensive Carbon Mo
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What are the RAINFOR-GEM protocols?
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Where can I get data from existing
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Two RAINFOR-GEM hectare plots in th
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1.2 Setting out the plotSubplot cor
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An example surveying path (cf. Cond
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Required for jobs that can be sched
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Tree #487 in Fragment E plot where
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1.4 Tagging small trees*** Note tha
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does, measure underneath the lean o
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Measuring a liana at three points i
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BOX 2: Five unusual trees.Example 1
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Example 3: Here is a large liana on
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1.5 Tree heightTree height should b
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1.6 Sketch map of the plotAt this p
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2. BELOW GROUND MEASUREMENTSWe star
Page 39 and 40: Next, insert the cylindrical core i
Page 41 and 42: BOX 3: How to make an in-growth cor
Page 43 and 44: 2.2 RhizotronsRoot observation pits
Page 45 and 46: sure that it covers the hole but no
Page 47 and 48: An example rhizotron transparency f
Page 49 and 50: Analysis: First, calculate the sum
Page 51 and 52: A metallic rhizotron as in use at t
Page 53 and 54: 2.3 Coarse rootsNeither in-growth c
Page 55 and 56: 3. CO 2 EFFLUX3.1 Total soil CO 2 e
Page 57 and 58: 3.2 Stem CO 2 effluxFirst, choose t
Page 59 and 60: e related to stem growth) to check
Page 61 and 62: Equipment: IRGA and SRC-1, PVC coll
Page 63 and 64: Control No litter Double litterNo e
Page 65 and 66: the S3 hole. Finally, discard the l
Page 67 and 68: 3.4 Coarse woody debris (CWD) CO 2
Page 69 and 70: 4.2 Coarse woody debris (CWD) surve
Page 71 and 72: all of the large, marked wood piece
Page 73 and 74: Equipment: 25 litter traps per ha (
Page 75 and 76: this select the straight line drawi
Page 77 and 78: http://www.eci.ox.ac.uk/research/ec
Page 79 and 80: • The tripod is level so that the
Page 81 and 82: 8. WEATHER AND CLIMATELocal climate
Page 83 and 84: Luiz Aragão repairing an understor
Page 85 and 86: 10. DATA ENTRY AND SERVER UPLOADA c
Page 87 and 88: APPENDIX I: RAINFOR-GEM Fieldwork c
Page 89: APPENDIX II: How to use an EGM-4 In
Page 93 and 94: CO 2 efflux calculationsWhile the E
Page 95 and 96: The volume V airspace (stippled) be
Page 97 and 98: CO 2 flux measurements with EGM: A
Page 99 and 100: Downloading dataEGM memory can stor
Page 101 and 102: APPENDIX III: Possible schedule of
Page 103 and 104: Gerwing JJ, Schnitzer SA, Burnham R
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