Studies on Policy Option for Quality Seed Production and ... - NFPCSP

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moisture from the soil. The farmers store their rice and wheat seeds in traditional containers likehomemade earthen pots, gunny bags, poly bags, plastic drums, metallic drums, polythene bags etc.But as long as the container is airtight, properly dried seeds could be stored safely for 2-3 monthsonly, after which further drying and cooling are needed. But almost all the farmers (more than 88%)do not practice any intermittent drying for safe storage of rice and wheat seeds, which deteriorates theseed quality.A majority of the seed dealers (93.75%) used to advice the farmers on crop production, whichsuggests that the seed dealers could play a vital role on farmers’ motivation besides the DAE, NARS,NGOs and other related organizations for the adoption of seed/grain production and post harvesttechnologies, provided the seed dealers are given appropriate training.The quality analyses results revealed that the farmers’ homegrown seed is of inferior quality than thatof BADC/research organization’s seed in terms of seed moisture, germination, vigour and seed health.Because in most cases farmers do not apply recommended packages (use of quality seeds, balancedfertilizers, isolation, rouging, irrigation, plant protection and different post harvest activities) for riceand wheat seed production as prescribed by the SCA. On the other hand, most of the farmers do nothave adequate knowledge regarding modern cultivation and post harvest technologies of maize. If thefarmers are to be motivated through adequate training, field day, demonstration, ICM programme,community level awareness programme, formation of Seed Society, Television programme and otherappropriate techniques, they might be able to produce quality seeds of cereal crops closer to thequality of Certified Seed standard. Besides, the capacity of public and private seed companies shouldbe strengthened through government support (financial and technical) for producing more qualityseeds to meet up the national seed demand.Most of the farmers under study claim that the grain/seed production of rice, wheat and maize is notprofitable under the existing market price due to high input price and low selling price of the produce.Moreover, the farmers generally sell their cereal grains/seeds in the local market with uncertainty ofprice. The intermediate beneficiaries take the advantage from such type of marketing. Therefore,approaches should be taken so that the seed-growing farmers could directly be linked with the seedmarketing companies (public and private) through the government initiatives to ensure appropriateprice of the farmers’ homegrown seed.iv
TABLE OF CONTENTSExecutive SummaryList of TablesList of FiguresList of PlatesList of AnnexesAbbreviations and AcronymsiiiixxiixiixiiixiiiChapterPage1. Introduction 11.1 Objectives of the study 21.2 Expected output of the study 32. Methodology 42.1 Name of the crops for study 42.2 Sample size and Sampling method 42.3 Programme planning 42.4 Site visit and site selection 42.5 Selection of local enumerators 52.6 Selection of sample farmers 52.7 Training of local enumerators 52.8 Preparation of PRA/FGD checklist and conduct of PRA and FGD 52.9 PRA Tools/Techniques and Process 52.10 Preparation and pre-tested of survey questionnaire 72.11 Data collection through survey questionnaire 72.12 Collection of seed samples from the surveyed farmers 72.13 Determination of farmers’ seed quality 72.14 Data processing and analysis 83. Review of Literature 93.1 Seed storage and quality 93.1.1 Rice Seed 93.1.2 Wheat Seed 123.1.3 Maize Seed 133.2 Seed production and marketing (rice, wheat and maize) 133.3 Farmers’ training 154. Results and Discussion 184.1 Study on Rice Crop 184.1.1 Socio-economic scenario of rice farmers 184.1.2 Major occupation of rice farmers 194.1.3 Family and farm size of rice farmers 194.1.4 Preference ranking of information sources used by the rice farmers 204.1.5 Sources of technological support 214.1.6 Services received by the farmers from GO/NGOs 224.1.7 Major cropping patterns practised by the rice farmers 234.1.8 Time line of rice grain/seed production 234.1.9 Rice variety used at farmers’ field 244.1.10 Matrix ranking of rice varieties in Jessore 254.1.11 Dissemination of different rice varieties 254.1.12 Fertilizers used by rice farmers 264.1.13 Application of manures and fertilizers for rice grain/seed production27(2008-09)v
Page 1 and 2: Final Report PR #6/08Studie
Page 3: EXECUTIVE SUMMARYSTUDIES ON POLICY
Page 7 and 8: TABLE OF CONTENTS (CONTD.)ChapterPa
Page 9 and 10: LIST OF TABLESName of the TablesPag
Page 11 and 12: LIST OF TABLES (CONTD.)Name of the
Page 13 and 14: LIST OF ANNEXESName of the AnnexesP
Page 15 and 16: STUDIES ON POLICY OPTION FOR QUALIT
Page 17 and 18: 1.2 Expected outputs of the studyi)
Page 19 and 20: selected upazilas, the team selecte
Page 21 and 22: 2.10 Preparation and pre-tested of
Page 23 and 24: 3. REVIEW OF LITERATUREThe availabi
Page 25 and 26: different storage containers ranged
Page 27 and 28: 3.1.3 Maize SeedResearch works on m
Page 29 and 30: governments’ seed suppliers. As a
Page 31 and 32: Therefore, under the present study
Page 33 and 34: experience along with available inp
Page 35 and 36: findings that the farming community
Page 37 and 38: Table 4.1.5 Linkage of the family m
Page 39 and 40: different hybrid varieties of rice
Page 41 and 42: large farmers had used all types of
Page 43 and 44: 4.1.15 Seed classes used by the ric
Page 45 and 46: BADC10%Others Farmers5%DAE5%Self80%
Page 47 and 48: Similarly, farmers’ own seed and
Page 49 and 50: 4.1.25 Drying method used by the ri
Page 51 and 52: But these types of storage containe
Page 53 and 54: educed through proper processing an
Page 55 and 56:
4.1.34 Production cost and profitab
Page 57 and 58:
Table 4.1.35 Rice seed production c
Page 59 and 60:
4.1.38 Constraints to rice seed pro
Page 61 and 62:
was probably due to absorption of s
Page 63 and 64:
Table 4.2.2 Major occupation of whe
Page 65 and 66:
4.2.5 Sources of technological supp
Page 67 and 68:
Table 4.2.5 Services received from
Page 69 and 70:
Table 4.2.8 Percent of the farmers
Page 71 and 72:
Table 4.2.11 Farmers’ opinion abo
Page 73 and 74:
Table 4.2.13 Farmers’ choice prio
Page 75 and 76:
4.2.18 Percent of farmers using fer
Page 77 and 78:
4.2.20 Seed drying place of wheat a
Page 79 and 80:
30Frequency distribution20100Std. D
Page 81 and 82:
followed by plastic drum (30 points
Page 83 and 84:
Table 4.2.26 Wheat seed preservatio
Page 85 and 86:
Table 4.2.27 Men, women and childre
Page 87 and 88:
espectively. Farmers used FYM at th
Page 89 and 90:
Table 4.2.30 Wheat seed production
Page 91 and 92:
the amounts of stored wheat seed fo
Page 93 and 94:
8. Termite attack at seedling Insec
Page 95 and 96:
percentages of germination, moistur
Page 97 and 98:
4.3.2 Major occupation of maize far
Page 99 and 100:
Table 4.3.4 Time line of maize cult
Page 101 and 102:
Legend:RajshahiKishoregonjExperienc
Page 103 and 104:
4.3.9 Major cropping patterns pract
Page 105 and 106:
yield and production cost and marke
Page 107 and 108:
medium farmers in Rajshahi and 85%
Page 109 and 110:
significantly affected the maize pr
Page 111 and 112:
Harvesting and post harvest managem
Page 113 and 114:
In the present study it is observed
Page 115 and 116:
4.3.25 Maize seed demand and propor
Page 117 and 118:
4.4.5 Seed purchase and sale price
Page 119 and 120:
variety `Swarna’ has leaked throu
Page 121 and 122:
6. POLICY IMPLICATIONS AND RECOMMEN
Page 123 and 124:
Table 6.1 Proposed training program
Page 125 and 126:
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSAll praises are due
Page 127 and 128:
20. Dadalani, M., M.S. Islam, I. Ah
Page 129 and 130:
ANNEXESDinajpur•Birol•Bochagonj
Page 131 and 132:
Annex 7. Percent of rice farmers us
Page 133 and 134:
Annex 12. Boro rice grain productio
Page 135 and 136:
Annex 17. Wheat grain production pa
Page 137 and 138:
Annex 21. Socio-economic scenario o
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