Studies on Policy Option for Quality Seed Production and ... - NFPCSP

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Table 4.2.20 Estimated production function for wheat seed/grain in DinajpurExplanatory variable Standardized Coefficient tConstant 6.913*** 11.395Farm size 0.164** 2.437Seed rate -0.032 -0.484Compost/cowdung 0.084 1.223Urea 0.110* 1.689TSP 0.052 0.494MP 0.090 0.844Irrigation no. 0.302*** 4.377Human labour no. 0.208*** 3.033Seed class 0.213*** 3.021R² 0.44F-value 12.02****** Significant at 1 % level; ** Significant at 5 % level; * Significant at 10 % levellittle effect on crop yield. On the other hand, the qualities of the non-urea fertilizers (like TSP, MP,gypsum etc.) that are sold in the local market are more questionable in terms of their nutrient contentsCompared to the standard level. It is also observed that sometimes the crop yield is reduced due to otherfactors like weed infestation, insect/disease attacks etc. Probably because of these reasons and mostvitally the under-rate use of the non-urea fertilizers including compost/cow dung manure could notmake significant effects on wheat grain production as compared to urea application that was observedunder the present study.4.2.22 Frequency distribution of wheat yieldThe variation of wheat yields at the farmers’ level is shown in Fig. 4.2.6, which reveals that most of thefarmers obtained the wheat yield ranging from 2250 kg/ha to 2750 kg/ha. A few of the farmers gotcomparatively higher yield (above 3000 kg/ha). The pattern of wheat yield as observed at farmers fieldsalthough followed a normal distribution, it has more narrowly skewed to the right side demonstratingthat the frequency of plots yielding less than 3000 kg/ha was much more higher in number than thehigher yielding cases. Therefore, this trend very clearly indicates that there is more possibility ofimprovement in wheat yield at field level by optimising management packages including fertilizer,irrigation and other inputs.64
30Frequency distribution20100Std. Dev = 633.34Mean = 2735N = 150.00150012502000175047504500425040003750350032503000275025002250Yield of wheat (Kg/ha)Fig. 4.2.6 Frequency distribution of wheat yield4.2.23 Wheat seed storage scenario at farm levelThe sample farmers stored wheat seed based on their storing capability. The large farmers stored moreseed compared to medium and small farmers in all the study areas (110kg, 391kg and 98kg/farm familyin Rajshahi, Dinajpur and Rangpur, respectively). Besides, the amount of seed kept by the mediumfarmers was 72kg, 155kg and 85kg in Rajshahi, Dinajpur and Rangpur, respectively (Table 4.2.21). Thesmall farmers at all the study sites kept comparatively low amount of wheat seed (37kg, 83kg and 39kgin Rajshahi, Dinajpur and Rangpur, respectively). The storage period for wheat seeds ranged from 4.9months to 6.3 months. The large farmers stored wheat seed comparatively longer period than that ofmedium and small farmers. The stored seed was used for sowing in the next wheat season and theremaining was sold in the market for earning money. Traditional storage structures used by farmers inBangladesh are mainly made of indigenous materials readily available in rural areas at low cost. Thesize and use of these structures vary in different areas of the country. In all the areas under study, largefarmers stored their wheat seed with satisfactory conditions (Metallic/plastic drum) compared tomedium and small farmers. In Rajshahi, a big number of small farmers (39%) stored their wheat seed inearthen pots, in which seed quality that retained is more subject to question.4.2.24 Preference ranking of wheat seed storage deviceUnder the present study, the sample farmers were given the way to freely evaluate different types ofseed storage containers in terms of seed moisture content, germination, disease and insect infestationfor what they had perceived for the last year’s of wheat storage. The storage containers werepoly+plastic bag, plastic/metallic drum, biscuit tin, earthen pot, jute sac etc. Among the containersevaluated by the experience of the sample farmers, plastic/metallic secured the 1 st position whereaspoly+plastic bag were given the 2 nd rank at all the study sites. The biscuit tin was provided 3 rd rankingwhile earthen pot and jute sac occupied 4 and 5 th ranking position, respectively (Table 4.2.22). In a trial65
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Final Report PR #6/08Studie
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARYSTUDIES ON POLICY
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TABLE OF CONTENTSExecutive SummaryL
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TABLE OF CONTENTS (CONTD.)ChapterPa
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LIST OF TABLESName of the TablesPag
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LIST OF TABLES (CONTD.)Name of the
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LIST OF ANNEXESName of the AnnexesP
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STUDIES ON POLICY OPTION FOR QUALIT
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1.2 Expected outputs of the studyi)
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selected upazilas, the team selecte
Page 21 and 22:
2.10 Preparation and pre-tested of
Page 23 and 24:
3. REVIEW OF LITERATUREThe availabi
Page 25 and 26:
different storage containers ranged
Page 27 and 28: 3.1.3 Maize SeedResearch works on m
Page 29 and 30: governments’ seed suppliers. As a
Page 31 and 32: Therefore, under the present study
Page 33 and 34: experience along with available inp
Page 35 and 36: findings that the farming community
Page 37 and 38: Table 4.1.5 Linkage of the family m
Page 39 and 40: different hybrid varieties of rice
Page 41 and 42: large farmers had used all types of
Page 43 and 44: 4.1.15 Seed classes used by the ric
Page 45 and 46: BADC10%Others Farmers5%DAE5%Self80%
Page 47 and 48: Similarly, farmers’ own seed and
Page 49 and 50: 4.1.25 Drying method used by the ri
Page 51 and 52: But these types of storage containe
Page 53 and 54: educed through proper processing an
Page 55 and 56: 4.1.34 Production cost and profitab
Page 57 and 58: Table 4.1.35 Rice seed production c
Page 59 and 60: 4.1.38 Constraints to rice seed pro
Page 61 and 62: was probably due to absorption of s
Page 63 and 64: Table 4.2.2 Major occupation of whe
Page 65 and 66: 4.2.5 Sources of technological supp
Page 67 and 68: Table 4.2.5 Services received from
Page 69 and 70: Table 4.2.8 Percent of the farmers
Page 71 and 72: Table 4.2.11 Farmers’ opinion abo
Page 73 and 74: Table 4.2.13 Farmers’ choice prio
Page 75 and 76: 4.2.18 Percent of farmers using fer
Page 77: 4.2.20 Seed drying place of wheat a
Page 81 and 82: followed by plastic drum (30 points
Page 83 and 84: Table 4.2.26 Wheat seed preservatio
Page 85 and 86: Table 4.2.27 Men, women and childre
Page 87 and 88: espectively. Farmers used FYM at th
Page 89 and 90: Table 4.2.30 Wheat seed production
Page 91 and 92: the amounts of stored wheat seed fo
Page 93 and 94: 8. Termite attack at seedling Insec
Page 95 and 96: percentages of germination, moistur
Page 97 and 98: 4.3.2 Major occupation of maize far
Page 99 and 100: Table 4.3.4 Time line of maize cult
Page 101 and 102: Legend:RajshahiKishoregonjExperienc
Page 103 and 104: 4.3.9 Major cropping patterns pract
Page 105 and 106: yield and production cost and marke
Page 107 and 108: medium farmers in Rajshahi and 85%
Page 109 and 110: significantly affected the maize pr
Page 111 and 112: Harvesting and post harvest managem
Page 113 and 114: In the present study it is observed
Page 115 and 116: 4.3.25 Maize seed demand and propor
Page 117 and 118: 4.4.5 Seed purchase and sale price
Page 119 and 120: variety `Swarna’ has leaked throu
Page 121 and 122: 6. POLICY IMPLICATIONS AND RECOMMEN
Page 123 and 124: Table 6.1 Proposed training program
Page 125 and 126: ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSAll praises are due
Page 127 and 128: 20. Dadalani, M., M.S. Islam, I. Ah
Page 129 and 130:
ANNEXESDinajpur•Birol•Bochagonj
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Annex 7. Percent of rice farmers us
Page 133 and 134:
Annex 12. Boro rice grain productio
Page 135 and 136:
Annex 17. Wheat grain production pa
Page 137 and 138:
Annex 21. Socio-economic scenario o
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