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træiπta, odnosno razvoja i uspostave odgovarajuÊegregulatornog okruæja, pitanja i problemi uspostavecjelovitog sustava osiguravanja, koriπtenja, pridjeljivanjai plaÊanja pomoÊnih usluga sustavajoπ uvijek samo naznaËeni ili tek u ranim fazamarjeπavanja. U svakom sluËaju nerijeπena pitanja iproblemi u svezi s pomoÊnim uslugama sustavaznatno oteæavaju razvidnost i efikasnost procesaotvaranja træiπta elektriËne energije u svim njegovimkljuËnim sastavnicama, a naroËito u pogleduosiguranja uvjeta za razvidan, nepristrani pravedan pristup mreæama i sustavima. Takvostanje ima daljnje negativne posljedice po razvoji uvoappleenje novih metoda regulacije i metodologijatarifnih sustava, πto posljediËno i regulatornotijelo dovodi u puno teæi poloæaj i ugroæava njegovuvjerodostojnost suoËavajuÊi ga s objektivnoteπkim problemom izbora pristupa i metodologije,ali i reakcijom energetskih subjekata i træiπnihsudionika.U pravilu, stav je da u reguliranom kontekstu osiguranjei pruæanje tih usluga treba biti jedna odfunkcija i obveza operatora prijenosnog i distribucijskogsustava, koja je po unaprijed poznatim uvjetima,na razvidan, nepristran i nediskriminirajuÊinaËin dostupna i pridjeljuje se korisnicima elektroenergetskihmreæa i sustava. ZakljuËak je darazina cijena, odnosno tarifa za pomoÊne uslugesustava treba biti troπkovno utemeljena i razvidnau svim njegovim elementima. Tijekom raspraveistaknuto je da postoji i problem osiguranjaodreappleenih pomoÊnih usluga od strane starih proizvodnihpostrojenja. Kod postavljanja træiπnogmodela o tom se mora voditi raËuna, naroËito kodtræiπnih modela koji podrazumijevaju moguÊnostpristupa pojedinaËnih proizvodnih postrojenjatræiπtu i njihove participacije na træiπtu kao samostalnihtræiπnih sudionika. Regulatorna tijelai operatori sustava o tim pitanjima i problemimamoraju voditi raËuna u svim segmentima procesadefiniranja træiπnog modela, regulatornog okvira imodela, provedbenih procedura, a ako je kontekstpomoÊnih usluga sustava regulirani, onda i metodologijiutvrappleivanja tarifnih stavki i proceduri ugovaranjai osiguravanja pomoÊnih usluga sustava.10) KljuËnim ciljevima regulacije energetskihdjelatnosti, naroËito prijenosa i distribucijeelektriËne energije smatraju se uspostava nepristranogi razvidnog pristupa mreæi, pokriÊeopravdanih troπkova poslovanja, nastojanja dase unaprijedi efikasnost sektora i/ili da se sektoruËini privlaËnim za nove investicije, odnosnoulaganja. OdgovarajuÊi izvori financiranja moguse osigurati bilo neposredno kroz naknade za prikljuËaki koriπtenje mreæa, bilo kroz odgovarajuÊepoticajne uvjete i povrate na investicije, odnosnood i imovinu energetskog subjekta. Postupke iing contractual relations on the basis of which themarket participants freely contract, provide and atthe end pay for these services. However, it has beenpointed out that such solutions and mechanisms areonly possible after the entire functional and implementationscheme is established, i.e. the sourceand assignment of each individual auxiliary serviceor component thereof, as well as the conditions fortheir eventual termination and the consequences ofsuch termination. The fact is that in some countries,mainly countries and electrical energy economieswhich are in the early phases of restructuring, marketopening and developing an appropriate regulatoryenvironment, the issues and problems of theestablishment of the overall system for the provision,use, allocation and payment of auxiliary servicesare still only on paper or in the early phasesof solution. In any case, the unresolved issues andproblems in connection with auxiliary system servicessignificantly diminish the transparency and efficiencyof the opening of electricity markets in allthe key elements, especially regarding the providingof the conditions for the transparent, nondiscriminatoryand fair access to networks and systems. Sucha situation has further negative consequences uponthe development and introduction of new regulatorymethods and methodologies of the tariff systems,which consequently place the regulatory agency in afar more difficult position and threaten its credibility,confronting it with the difficult problem of choosingan approach and methodology, as well as the reactionsof the entities and market participants.In principle, the position is that in the regulated context,providing these services should be one of thefunctions and obligations of the transmission anddistribution system operators, which, under predeterminedconditions should be available and assigned tousers of electricity networks and systems in a transparent,nondiscriminatory and non-discriminatorymanner. The conclusion is that the level of prices, i.e.tariffs for the auxiliary services of a system, should becost-based and transparent in all elements. Duringthe discussion, it was emphasized that there is alsothe problem of securing certain auxiliary servicesfrom the old power-generation facilities. When settingup a market model, this must be taken into account,especially with market models that include the optionof access by individual power-generation facilitiesto the market, and their status as independentmarket participants. The regulatory agencies and systemoperators must take these issues and questionsinto account in all the segments of the process of thedefinition of a market model, regulatory frameworkand model, and implementation procedures. If thecontext of auxiliary system services is regulated, thisalso means taking into account the methodology forestablishing tariff items and procedures for the contractingand providing of auxiliary system services.Klepo, M., Uloga regulatornih tijela u donošenju ..., Energija, god. 56(2007), br. 5., str. 526-553Klepo, M., The Role of the Regulatory Agency in Adoption ..., Energija, vol. 56(2007), No. 5, pp. 526-553548