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Jedan od bitnih preduvjeta za moguÊnost uvoappleenjametode regulacije kao πto je to metoda priznatihtroπkova je provoappleenje razvidnog i dosljednog razdvajanjadjelatnosti u punom smislu ∑ od razdvajanjaimovine, osoblja do pridjeljivanja potraæivanjapo kreditima i sl. Jedan od problema je na kojinaËin Êe HERA pristupiti davanju miπljenja naiznos tarifnih stavki za opskrbu elektriËnom energijomukoliko se zna da se nisu razdvojile djelatnostidistribucije i opskrbe elektriËnom energijom te daHEP Operator distribucijskog sustava d.o.o. obavljauz djelatnost distribucije i opskrbu elektriËnomenergijom, iako je zakonski rok za razdvajanje istihistekao (1. srpnja 2007. godine) [8].Isti problem preslikava se i na utvrappleivanje opravdanerazine OPEX-a koji bi se trebao utvrditina razini koja odraæava uËinkovitost poslovanjaili barem bi se ta razina tijekom godina trebalapribliæiti uËinkovitoj razini koja bi vrijedila da sedjelatnost izloæi træiπnom natjecanju i rizicima.Izmeappleu ostalog, postavlja se pitanje πto predstavljaOPEX u sluËaju HEP Opskrbe d.o.o. koja obavljadjelatnost opskrbe samo za povlaπtene kupce.ZnaËi, taj troπak tarifni kupci uopÊe ne bi trebalisnositi. Sa stajaliπta regulatornog tijela koje, uzzaπtitu odræivog poslovanja energetskog subjektai omoguÊavanje nenaruπenog træiπnog natjecanja,ima zadatak zaπtite kupaca, bilo bi neopravdanopriznati taj troπak kroz primjenu metode priznatihtroπkova i davanja pozitivnog miπljenja na prijedlogiznosa tarifnih stavki koji ukljuËuju trenutaËnitroπak alociran unutar HEP Grupe na HEP Opskrbud.o.o.Nadalje, provedba razvidnog razdvajanja ima utjecajai na CAPEX u svim djelatnostima. Naime, zasvaku djelatnost HERA bi trebala utvrditi opravdanurazinu poËetne regulatorne osnovice sredstava,zatim amortizacijsku politiku i sredstva koja setijekom regulatornog razdoblja dodjeljuju regulatornojosnovi sredstva na koju se primjenjuje stopapovrata na kapital. Stopu koja se primjenjuje nasrednju vrijednost regulatorne osnovice sredstavautvrappleuje HERA na prijedlog energetskog subjekta.Problem koji se ovdje javlja je i utvrappleivanjeopravdane stope povrata, buduÊi da se radi odjelatnostima koje su po svom karakteru razliËite∑ monopolne i træiπne, iz Ëega proizlaze razliËitistupnjevi rizika u poslovanju kao i razliËiti uvjetifinanciranja. Naime, iz opisa metode navedene utarifnim sustavima nije razvidno koja Êe se stopaprimijeniti i hoÊe li se ona razlikovati po djelatnostima,iako se radi o istom vertikalno organiziranompoduzeÊu HEP Grupi. Utvrappleivanje stopepovrata zahtijeva provoappleenje detaljnih analiza kojeHERA joπ nije provela. Da bi HERA-in rad dobiona vjerodostojnosti i struËnosti potrebno je daHERA pravodobno, prije donoπenje odluka i pod-In addition to the position on the depth of involvementin the elements of the business, developmentand construction plans, it is the authors’ opinionthat the CERA should take a position on the followingmatters when issuing opinions on the proposedtariff amounts according to activities:∑ whether transparent and consistent supervisionhas been performed over the unbundling of thetechnical and financial activities,∑ the justified level of the rate of return for eachindividual activity,∑ which investments should be included in theregulatory asset base, together with the interpretationof individual concepts from the tariffsystems, such as, for example the concept ofnew investments that are co-financed and includedin the regulatory asset base,∑ the justified level of operating expenditures(OPEX),∑ etc.One of the essential prerequisites for the possibleintroduction of regulatory methods such as the rateof return method is the transparent and consistentunbundling of activities in the full sense ∑ includingthe unbundling of assets, personnel, claims onloans etc. One of the problems is how the CERAwill approach the issuing of opinions on the amountof tariff items for the supply of electrical energyif it knows that the activities of the distributionand supply of electrical energy have still not beenunbundled and that the HEP Distribution SystemOperator performs the activity of the supply of electricalenergy in addition to the activity of the distributionof electrical energy.The same problem is also reflected in the determinationof the justified level of OPEX, which shouldbe determined at a level that reflects the efficiencyof operations or at least this level during the yearshould approach a efficiency level that would bevalid if the activity were subject to market competitionand risks. Thus, among other things, the questionis posed what OPEX represents in the case ofHEP Supply (HEP Opskrba d.o.o.), which only performsthe activity of supply for eligible customers.This means that tariff customers should not have tocover this expenditure. From the standpoint of theregulatory body which, in addition to safeguardingthe sustainable operations of the energy entity andfacilitating inviolable market competition, also hasthe task of protecting the customers, it would beunjustified to recognize this expenditure throughthe application of the rate of return method andissue a positive opinion on the proposed amounts oftariff items, which include the current expenditureallocated within the HEP Group for HEP Supply.Štritof, I., KleËina, F., Regulatorna politika i njen utjecaj ..., Energija, god. 56(2007), br. 5., str. 554-583Štritof, I., KleËina, F., Regulatory Polica and Its Impact ..., Energija, vol. 56(2007), No. 5, pp. 554-583578

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