LATVIA UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE - Latvijas ...

FATTY ACID COMPOSITION OF THE MEAT OF ELK,DEER, ROE DEER AND WILD BOAR HUNTED IN LATVIAVita Strazdina, Aleksandrs Jemeljanovs, Vita SternaComparison of fatty acids composition of game meatTable 2Fatty acids, % of total Elk Deer Roe deer BoarSaturated fatty acids (SFA)C 12 : 0 0.19 ± 0.29 0.30 ± 0.22 0.01 ± 0.03 0.11 ± 0.15C 14 : 0 2.44 ± 1.71 4.57 ± 2.33 1.32 ± 0.79 2.92 ± 1.37C 15 : 0 0.35 ± 0.23 0.67 ± 0.13 0.44 ± 0.19 0.25 ± 0.28C 16 : 0 18.08 ± 3.04 21.02 ± 6.67 18.72 ± 3.01 23.12 ± 1.19C 17 : 0 0.90 ± 0.51 0.60 ± 0.38 1.07 ± 0.40 0.40 ± 0.20C 18 : 0 13.56 ± 2.30 14.46 ± 4.76 15.63 ± 3.10 14.54 ± 2.89C 20 : 0 0.08 ± 0.15 0.06 ± 0.01 0.02 ± 0.05 0.09 ± 0.07C 22 : 0 0.00 0.04 ± 0.15 0.04 ± 0.08 0.00C 24 : 0 0.15 ± 0.32 0.41 ± 0.47 0.29 ± 0.45 0.33 ± 0.66Monosaturated fatty acids (MUFA)C 14 : 1 1.18 ±1.44 1.62 ± 1.25 0.35 ± 0.36 0.85 ± 0.92C 15 : 1 0.23 ± 0.01 0.07 ± 0.03 0.02 ± 0.03 0.05 ± 0.06C 16 : 1 4.35 ± 3.42 6.66 ± 4.61 1.95 ± 1.47 4.27 ± 1.62C 17 : 1 0.27 ± 0.29 0.31 ± 0.20 0.31 ± 0.18 0.24 ± 0.21C 18 : 1 27.89 ± 9.88 17.51 ± 3.38 26.15 ± 6.99 29.88 ± 9.27C 20 : 1 0.04 ± 0.07 0.13 ± 0.12 0.04 ± 0.06 0.24 ± 0.21C 22 : 1 0.00 0.03 ± 0.07 0.00 0.09 ± 0.17C 24 : 1 0.13 ± 0.20 0.23 ± 0.36 0.14 ± 0.18 0.00Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA)C 18 : 2 ω -6 6.90 ± 1.99 12.34 ± 7.70 11.62 ± 3.34 11.70 ± 1.96C 18 : 3 ω-3 4.77 ± 1.71 3.31 ± 1.84 3.94 ± 2.51 1.46 ± 0.92C 18 : 3 ω-6 0.04 ± 0.07 0.14 ± 0.11 0.07 ± 0.08 0.03 ± 0.05C 20 : 2 0.45 ± 0.66 0.10 ± 0.13 0.07 ± 0.06 0.26 ± 0.24C 20 : 3 ω-6 0.20 ± 0.34 0.32 ± 0.33 0.35 ± 0.27 0.14 ± 0.20C 20 : 3 ω-3 0.05 ±0.07 0.04 ± 0.05 0.00 0.12 ± 0.09C 20 : 4 ω-6 4.59 ± 1.92 4.25 ± 2.70 5.00 ± 2.02 2.02 ± 1.53C 20 : 5 ω-3 0.95 ± 0.62 1.36 ± 1.10 2.03 ± 1.29 0.39 ± 0.45C 22 : 2 0.00 0.13 ± 0.20 0.05 ± 0.07 0.22 ± 0.13C 22 : 5 ω-3 0.72 ± 0.24 1.29 ±0.85 1.87 ± 0.69 0.84 ± 0.64C 22 : 6 ω-3 0.32 ± 0.54 0.20 ± 0.33 0.39 ± 0.40 0.08 ± 0.11Sum of ω-3 6.81± 2.39 6.20 ± 3.01 8.23 ± 3.51 2.89 ± 1.03Sum of ω-6 11.73 ± 4.48 17.05 ±6.61 17.04 ± 5.70 13.89 ± 5.83ω-6/ω-3 1.72 2.75 2.07 4.81P/S ratio 0.53 0.68 0.68 0.50and LDL serum cholesterol concentrations (Howell etal., 1997). Elk meat samples had the lowest contentof palmitic acid (18.08 ± 3.04%), but wild boar meatsamples had the highest content - 23.12 ± 1.19% fromall fatty acids. The results of statystical analysis thatthe sum of SFA contentof game meat samples did notdiffer significantly (p = 0.283 > 0.05).WHO suggests the ratio ω-6/ω-3 to be lower than4. Our investigation demonstrsted that in the samplesof game meat this ratio varied from 1.72 in elk meat to2.75 in deer meat, with the exception of the wild boarmeat samples. Medeiros et al. (2002) have reportedthat ratio ω-6/ω -3 of deer meat was 3.45.As mentioned above, the recommended ratio ofpolyunsaturated fatty acids to saturated fatty acidsshould be higher than 0.4. High relative percentagesof PUFA are characteristic of the muscle tissue of allwild ruminants, whereas the relative percentage ofPUFA in the muscle tissue of wild boar is lower thanthat found in wild ruminants. In our investigation, thatthe PUFA/SFA ratio was higher than 0.4 in all gamemeat samples and varied from 0.50 to 0.68. Medeiroset al. have found that ratio PUFA/SFA of beef sampleswas 0.38 (Medeiros et al., 2002).The sum of saturated fatty acids, the same as thesum of monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fattyacids, was compared between the meat samples of elk,deer, roe deer and wild boar (Figure 1).178 Research for Rural Development 2012