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Indulis SiliņšTHE SURVIVAL <strong>OF</strong> LISTERIA MONOCYTOGENES IN COLD-SMOKED SAUSAGES WITH AND WITHOUT STARTER CULTURE26. Vermeulen A., Gysemans K.P., Bernaerts K., Geeraerd A.H., Van Impe J.F., Debevere J., Devlieghere F.(2007) Influence of pH, water activity and acetic acid concentration on Listeria monocytogenes at 7 degrees C:data collection for the development of a growth ⁄ no growth model. International Journal of Food Microbiology,114, pp. 332–341.27. Visessanguan S.B., Panya C.K., Assavanig C. (2005) Influence of minced pork and rind ratios on physicochemicaland sensory quality of Nham-a Thai fermented pork sausage. Meat Science, 69, pp. 355–362.Research for Rural Development 2012195
VETERINARY MEDICINEMicrobiological quality of cows’ milk in organic FARMING(PRELIMINARY REPORT)Gundega Gulbe, Anda ValdovskaLatvia University of Agriculturee-mail: gundega.gulbe85@gmail.comAbstractThe objective of the present study was to investigate the microbiological content of cows’ milk in Latvia’s organicfarms with a purpose to detect potential microbiological threats in milk. Samples were collected in December 2011at 12 biological dairy farms of Latvia. Raw milk samples (N=155) obtained from cow composite milk were studied.The total mesophilic aerobic and facultative anaerobic microorganisms (MAFAM), the presence of coliforms andcoagulase-positive staphylococci, count of yeasts and moulds were analysed using standard methods. Of the sampledcows 50% had a low somatic cell count (SCC) (500,000 cells mL -1 ). The mean value of MAFAM in the samples with low, high and very high SCC was 4.7, 5.0and 5.0 log10 colony forming units (cfu) mL -1 , respectively. The yeasts were present in 57% of milk samples with themean concentration of 3.1 log10 cfu mL -1 . Moulds were found in 27% of all milk samples; their mean concentrationwas 4.4 log10 cfu mL -1 . Identified mould strains belonged to genera Absidia, Aspergillus, Geotrichum, Mucor andPenicillium. In cases of subclinical mastitis and latent mammary infection the most distributed mastitis pathogenswere Staphylococcus aureus, Micrococcus kristinae, Bacillus cereus and coagulase negative staphylococci.Key words: raw milk, microbiological quality, organic farming.IntroductionMastitis (an inflammation of the udder) is themost common disease affecting dairy cattle herds andthe first cause of economic loss in milk productionworldwide (Maréchal et al., 2011). Organic dairyfarmers have identified mastitis as a major concern,mainly due to non-use of administration of long-actingintramammary antibiotics at dry-off. There is a studyon mastitis that reveals that there are - more pathogenicand contagious species of mastitis causing bacteriaobtained from cows on organic farms compared tomilk samples collected from cows on conventionalfarms (Ruegg, 2009). This difference can be explainedby inability of organic farmers to use effective mastitiscontrol strategies sufficiently (Ruegg, 2009).Council Regulation (EC) No 834/2007 of 28 June2007 on organic production and labelling of organicproducts determines that for organic herd prophylaxisand treatment of ill animals, phytotherapeutic andhomeopathic products may be used. Only in cases,where the above treatments do not give desiredresults, it is allowed to use chemically synthesisedallopathic veterinary products, including antibiotics.Antibiotics should not be used at drying off and areonly allowed therapeutically during lactation in caseof emergency. These measures could compromisethe control and treatment of clinical disease and theherd health and welfare; therefore, it is necessary toestablish an effective mastitis control strategy suitablefor organic farming.The objective of this study was to investigate themicrobiological content of cows’ milk in Latvia’sorganic farms with a purpose to detect potentialmicrobial threats in milk. Further studies will beperformed with the aim to develop effective mastitiscontrol strategy including immunization of cows withmastitis vaccine in organic dairy herds in Latvia.Materials and MethodsThe collection of raw milk samples took placein December 2011 at 12 organic dairy farms ofLatvia’s regions – four farms from Zemgale, three –from Vidzeme, three – from Latgale and two – fromKurzeme. The organic farms were registered by thestate control institutions. Herd size varied from 7 to277 animals in a cow-shed including six herds with7-50 cows, four - with 51-100 cows and two herdswith more than 100 cows. Fifteen lactating cows fromeach herd were chosen for sampling. Milk samplesin the herd less than 15 cows were collected of alllactating animals. The study included various breeds(Latvian Brown, Holstein and Danish Red) as wellas different varieties of cross-breeds from the first totenth lactation.SamplingMilk samples were collected by trained farmpersonnel from a cow level (cow composite milk)during sampling procedure of milk quality monitoringaccording to the standard LVS 175:1999 ‘Samplingof raw milk’. Samples for somatic cell count (SCC)evaluation were collected in 50 mL tubes withpreservative, transported to the Laboratory of milkquality of the ‘Siguldas Artificial insemination andStock breeding station’ (Sigulda, Latvia) and analyseswere performed according to the standard LVS ENISO 13366-2:2007. Samples for microbiologicalexamination were collected in sterile vacutainers,7 mL amount (Vacutest Kima, Italy) and transportedto the Laboratory of Microbiology of the ResearchInstitute of Biotechnology and Veterinary Medicine196 Research for Rural Development 2012
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Volume No. 1Annual 18th Internation
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Research for Rural Development 2012
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ContentsFOOD SCIENCESVETERINARYMEDI
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AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES (CROP SCIENCE
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Mihails Vilcāns, Jūlija Volkova,
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Mihails Vilcāns, Jūlija Volkova,
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Berit TeinEFFECT OF ORGANIC AND CON
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Methane producing bacteria use only
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according to calculations the metha
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CHANGES IN SUGAR CONTENT OF WINTERO
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PERENNIAL GRASSES FOR BIOENERGY PRO
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IMPACT OF SLURRY APPLICATION METHOD
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IMPACT OF SLURRY APPLICATION METHOD
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IMPACT OF ORGANIC PRODUCT EXTRACTS
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IMPACT OF ORGANIC PRODUCT EXTRACTS
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COMBUSTION ABILITY OF ENERGY CROP P
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COMBUSTION ABILITY OF ENERGY CROP P
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RESEARCH OF OREGANO (ORIGANUMVULGAR
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RESEARCH OF OREGANO (ORIGANUMVULGAR
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INFLUENCE OF SOIL MODIFICATION ON C
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INCIDENCE OF POSTHARVEST ROT OF CRA
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INCIDENCE OF POSTHARVEST ROT OF CRA
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PERSPECTIVES ON TRUFFLE CULTIVATION
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FACTORS AFFECTING GOAT MILK YIELDAN
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MILK UREA CONTENT AS INDICATOR FEED
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REHYDRATION KINETICS OF DRIED LATVI
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FOOD SCIENCESPreliminary RESULTS of
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PRELIMINARY RESULTS OF 1-METHYLCYCL
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FOOD SCIENCESSensory PROPERTIES and
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SENSORY PROPERTIES AND CHEMICAL COM
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THE SUITABILITY OF DIFFERENT ROWANB
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CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF NEW TYPE AG
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FOOD SCIENCESINFLUENCE OF GENOTYPE
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INFLUENCE OF GENOTYPE AND HARVEST T
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ROOT VEGETABLES FROM LATVIA:QUANTIT
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CONTENT OF SUGARS, DIETARY FIBRE AN
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Page 145 and 146: RHEOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF TRITICALE
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Page 153 and 154: CONSUMERS’ ATTITUDE TOWARDS AVAIL
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Page 157 and 158: PHYSICAL - CHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATIO
Page 159 and 160: PHYSICAL - CHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATIO
Page 161 and 162: FOOD SCIENCESTHE INFLUENCE OF DIFFE
Page 163 and 164: THE INFLUENCE OF DIFFERENT SELENIUM
Page 165 and 166: FOOD SCIENCESINVESTIGATIONS INTO TH
Page 167 and 168: INVESTIGATIONS INTO THE ENHANCEMENT
Page 173 and 174: INFLUENCE OF PACKAGING CONDITIONSON
Page 175 and 176: INFLUENCE OF PACKAGING CONDITIONSON
Page 177 and 178: FOOD SCIENCESFATTY ACID COMPOSITION
Page 179 and 180: FATTY ACID COMPOSITION OF THE MEAT
Page 181 and 182: FATTY ACID COMPOSITION OF THE MEAT
Page 183 and 184: ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE OFANIMAL P
Page 189 and 190: VETERINARY MEDICINETHE SURVIVAL OF
Page 191 and 192: THE SURVIVAL OF LISTERIA MONOCYTOGE
Page 193 and 194: THE SURVIVAL OF LISTERIA MONOCYTOGE
Page 195: THE SURVIVAL OF LISTERIA MONOCYTOGE
Page 199 and 200: MICROBIOLOGICAL QUALITY OF COWS’
Page 205 and 206: PORCINE CIRCOVIRUS-2 IMPACT ON THEM
Page 213 and 214: AORTIC LUMEN DIAMETER AND BLOODPRES
Page 219 and 220: PHYSICAL MODEL OF TRACTOR IMPLEMENT
Page 225 and 226: SOLID FUEL BOILER AUTOMATION FOR BR
Page 231 and 232: INVESTMENT COSTS OPTIMIZATION OFMUL
Page 233 and 234: INVESTMENT COSTS OPTIMIZATION OFMUL
Page 235 and 236: DYNAMIC MODEL OF BIOCHEMICAL NETWOR
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Page 239 and 240: EDUCATIONAL SCIENCESCHILDREN WITH S
Page 241 and 242: CHILDREN WITH SPECIAL NEEDS FAMILY
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