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Karina Ruse, Tatjana Rakcejeva, Laima BerzinaREHYDRATION KINETICS <strong>OF</strong> DRIED <strong>LATVIA</strong>NCRANBERRIES AFFECTED BY DRYING CONDITIONS18. Vattem D.A., Ghaedian R., Shetty K. (2005) Enhancing health benefits of berries through phenolicantioxidant enrichment: focus on cranberry, Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 14(2), pp. 120–130.19. Wang J., Xi Y.S. (2005) Drying characteristics and drying quality of carrot using a two-stage microwaveprocess. Journal of Food Engineering, 68, pp. 505–511.20. Yongsawatdigul J., Gunasekaran S. (1996) Microwave-vacuum drying of cranberries: Part 1. Energy useand efficiency. Journal of Food Processing and Preservation, 20, pp. 121–143.21. Поплева Е.А. (2000) Ягодные культуры на вашем участке (Berries on Your Garden). Москва, ЗАО«Фитон+», 144 c. (in Russian).Research for Rural Development 201297
FOOD SCIENCESPreliminary RESULTS of 1-Methylcyclopropene Influenceon Apple Quality During STORAGEKarina Juhnevica 1,2 , Liga Skudra 2 , Mara Skrivele 1 , Dalija Seglina 1 , Gita Skudra 21Latvia State Institute of Fruit-Growing2Latvia University of Agriculturee-mail: karina.juhnevica@lvai.lvAbstractApples are the most popular and common fruits in Latvia. Storage technology is crucial to preserve fruit quality aslong as possible. Choosing the appropriate gas content of the storage environment can prolong storage life two tothree times for apples. The aim of the research was to compare six different type of apple grown in Latvia, whichwas stored in diverse conditions. All experiments were performed at Latvia State Institute of Fruit-Growing through2011 – 2012. For fruits before storage, 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP), which blocks the emission of ethylene, wasused. Apples were stored in a cooler and in ULO type plastic bags in a modified environment with two differentgas contents. The temperature of the environment was +2 ±1 °C with 90% relative humidity. Changes in physicochemical(soluble solids, total acids and flesh density) indexes were examined before and during the storage. Theresults showed 1-MCP has a positive effect on quality preservation of fruit. Fruits stored in ULO type plastic bags(gas content: 1.5% O 2and 2.5% CO 2) had the best results in preservation of physico-chemical indexes. Examinationof results revealed that physico-chemical indexes changed the most in samples stored in the cooler.Key words: acid, density, soluble solids, 1-MCP, ULO.IntroductionFresh fruits are the basis of a healthy dietbecause they supply human body with the necessarybiologically active elements. Apples contain organicacids like apple and citric acids (0.2 - 0.7%) whichis why they have sour taste (Dofer, 2006). Theamount and content of vitamins are closely related tostorage time and conditions. Storage in non-modifiedenvironment with lowered temperature for six monthsresults in the decrease of the amount of C vitamins by~50%, whereas it does not significantly affect vitaminsof group B, microelements and fibres (Wilkinson,Perring, 2006). Chemical composition and qualitychanges depend on apple cultivar, growing conditions,and harvesting time. If fruits are not ripe enoughbefore the storage they dehydrate more intensively,but if harvested too late apples will rot during or justafter the storage. Shelf life period would be very shortfor such apples (Sfakiotakis et al., 2008).For the last 50 years fresh fruits are storedin modified gas environment all over the world.Modified gas environment allows storing them for upto one year (Akbudak et al., 2002). According to Foodand Agriculture Organization of the United Nations,79% of apples grown in Europe are stored in modifiedatmosphere. However, it has several drawbacks, forexample flavour does not develop and the colour ofapples remains exactly the same as at the beginning ofthe storage. It is advised to sell the fruits within a monthafter the storage. If the gas content of the modifiedenvironment is chosen incorrectly, the unpleasant hintof taste and flavour, and physiological disorders, suchas skin burn, flesh breakdown and conducting tissuebrowning can develop (Marin et al., 2009).Ten years ago, scientists from North CarolinaUniversity, USA, discovered a substance –methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) - which reacting withwater emits a gas that blocks the emission of ethylene.Ethylene is a substance responsible for apple agingprocess, but 1-MCP blocks its effect so qualityindexes of the fruits can be preserved (Beaudry,Watkins, 2003). It has been five years from now since1-MCP is used on an industrial scale. According toEuropean Food Safety Authority EFSA, MCP wasused for storage of vegetables and cut flowers in 26countries in 2010. During five years of research theeffectiveness of 1-MCP has been proved. In orderto use the 1-MCP it is essential to determine theprecise level of ripeness of apples, processing mustbe performed in airproof environment and total fruitmass and cabinet capacity ratio must be considered(Watkins et al., 2008). Until now, no research has beenconducted on the effect of 1-MCP on apple qualityduring the storage in Latvia. The aim of the presentedstudy was to investigate preliminary results of applestorage in different conditions.Materials and MethodsExperiment schemeThe research was conducted in the Unit of Fruitand Berry Experimental Processing of Latvia StateInstitute of Fruit-Growing. Six apple cultivar fruitsof the 2011 yield were used: ‘Auksis’, ‘Orlik’,‘Antej’, ‘Zarja Alatau’, ‘Belorusskoje Malinovoje’,and ‘Sinap Orlovskij’. Before storage, fruits weretreated with 1-MCP that was diluted with water at1:30 ratio in a conical flask. After dilution, the flaskwas immediately closed as well as the processing98 Research for Rural Development 2012
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Volume No. 1Annual 18th Internation
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Research for Rural Development 2012
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ContentsFOOD SCIENCESVETERINARYMEDI
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AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES (CROP SCIENCE
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Mihails Vilcāns, Jūlija Volkova,
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Mihails Vilcāns, Jūlija Volkova,
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Berit TeinEFFECT OF ORGANIC AND CON
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Methane producing bacteria use only
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according to calculations the metha
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CHANGES IN SUGAR CONTENT OF WINTERO
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PERENNIAL GRASSES FOR BIOENERGY PRO
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IMPACT OF SLURRY APPLICATION METHOD
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IMPACT OF SLURRY APPLICATION METHOD
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Page 47 and 48: IMPACT OF ORGANIC PRODUCT EXTRACTS
Page 49 and 50: IMPACT OF ORGANIC PRODUCT EXTRACTS
Page 51 and 52: AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES (CROP SCIENCE
Page 53 and 54: COMBUSTION ABILITY OF ENERGY CROP P
Page 55 and 56: COMBUSTION ABILITY OF ENERGY CROP P
Page 59 and 60: RESEARCH OF OREGANO (ORIGANUMVULGAR
Page 61 and 62: RESEARCH OF OREGANO (ORIGANUMVULGAR
Page 63 and 64: INFLUENCE OF SOIL MODIFICATION ON C
Page 69 and 70: INCIDENCE OF POSTHARVEST ROT OF CRA
Page 71 and 72: INCIDENCE OF POSTHARVEST ROT OF CRA
Page 75 and 76: PERSPECTIVES ON TRUFFLE CULTIVATION
Page 81 and 82: FACTORS AFFECTING GOAT MILK YIELDAN
Page 87 and 88: MILK UREA CONTENT AS INDICATOR FEED
Page 93 and 94: REHYDRATION KINETICS OF DRIED LATVI
Page 95 and 96: REHYDRATION KINETICS OF DRIED LATVI
Page 97: REHYDRATION KINETICS OF DRIED LATVI
Page 101 and 102: PRELIMINARY RESULTS OF 1-METHYLCYCL
Page 103 and 104: FOOD SCIENCESSensory PROPERTIES and
Page 105 and 106: SENSORY PROPERTIES AND CHEMICAL COM
Page 111 and 112: THE SUITABILITY OF DIFFERENT ROWANB
Page 119 and 120: CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF NEW TYPE AG
Page 125 and 126: FOOD SCIENCESINFLUENCE OF GENOTYPE
Page 127 and 128: INFLUENCE OF GENOTYPE AND HARVEST T
Page 133 and 134: ROOT VEGETABLES FROM LATVIA:QUANTIT
Page 139 and 140: CONTENT OF SUGARS, DIETARY FIBRE AN
Page 145 and 146: RHEOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF TRITICALE
Page 147 and 148: RHEOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF TRITICALE
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RHEOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF TRITICALE
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acceptance and preference especiall
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CONSUMERS’ ATTITUDE TOWARDS AVAIL
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CONSUMERS’ ATTITUDE TOWARDS AVAIL
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PHYSICAL - CHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATIO
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PHYSICAL - CHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATIO
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FOOD SCIENCESTHE INFLUENCE OF DIFFE
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THE INFLUENCE OF DIFFERENT SELENIUM
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FOOD SCIENCESINVESTIGATIONS INTO TH
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INVESTIGATIONS INTO THE ENHANCEMENT
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INFLUENCE OF PACKAGING CONDITIONSON
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INFLUENCE OF PACKAGING CONDITIONSON
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FOOD SCIENCESFATTY ACID COMPOSITION
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FATTY ACID COMPOSITION OF THE MEAT
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FATTY ACID COMPOSITION OF THE MEAT
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ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE OFANIMAL P
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VETERINARY MEDICINETHE SURVIVAL OF
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THE SURVIVAL OF LISTERIA MONOCYTOGE
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VETERINARY MEDICINEMicrobiological
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MICROBIOLOGICAL QUALITY OF COWS’
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PORCINE CIRCOVIRUS-2 IMPACT ON THEM
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AORTIC LUMEN DIAMETER AND BLOODPRES
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PHYSICAL MODEL OF TRACTOR IMPLEMENT
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SOLID FUEL BOILER AUTOMATION FOR BR
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INVESTMENT COSTS OPTIMIZATION OFMUL
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INVESTMENT COSTS OPTIMIZATION OFMUL
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DYNAMIC MODEL OF BIOCHEMICAL NETWOR
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DYNAMIC MODEL OF BIOCHEMICAL NETWOR
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EDUCATIONAL SCIENCESCHILDREN WITH S
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CHILDREN WITH SPECIAL NEEDS FAMILY
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