Human Resources in Canada's Built Heritage Sector: Mapping the ...

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MAPPING THE WORK FORCE AND SETTING STRATEGIC PRIORITIESSkilled Trades:“ Regarding the traditional skills: carpenters-joiners, cabinet-makers, masons, roofers, and glass workersrequire far more skill in the built heritage sector than in the regular construction industry.”Architect, QuébecThe participants in interviews and workshops stressed the differences in the skill requirements for tradespersons working on built heritage structures versus work on new construction. In the main, the occupationalstandards for the construction trades require little or no understanding of traditional building methods andbuilding materials. Not surprisingly, trade standards are geared to the needs of new construction. In manyregions, it was reported that it is difficult to find tradespersons who have experience in working on builtheritage structures.Crafts:In addition to the traditional construction trades, the built heritage sector also requires craftspersons to workon stained and leaded glass, stone carving, wood carving, etc. In Quebec, the Construction Act requiresworkers on a construction site to hold certificates of competence. The legislation was amended to takeaccount of the need for craftspersons who are outside the scope of the Construction Act. There are no dataon the number of persons working in crafts that are relevant to the built heritage sector. Nor are thereformal apprenticeship systems for continuing the skill supply.Tracking and Measuring:We noted earlier the challenges in formulating estimates of the size of the built heritage stock, the number ofpersons who work in the sector, and the amount of work associated with capital and repair expendituresin the sector. Progress must be made on dealing with these data deficiencies. This is especially important inrelation to any measures that might be taken to train and qualify additional skilled tradespersons.©CULTURAL HUMAN RESOURCES COUNCIL25
HUMAN RESOURCES IN CANADA’S BUILT HERITAGE SECTOR5. Regulation of Built Heritagein the United StatesComponents of The US System of Heritage RegulationIn the United States, like Canada, all levels of government are involved in the preservation of builtheritage. The federal government plays an important leadership role both organizationally and throughco-funding programmes. In many respects, the US approach to the preservation of built heritage is similar tothe Canadian strategy, but is more fully realized. In three key respects, however, the US approach differsfrom the Canadian approach.First, the US government maintains a more comprehensive inventory of built heritage structures and sitesthrough national surveys and through a national registry system.Second, from a developers perspective, the US system of tax credits is substantially more predictable thanCanada’s Commercial Heritage Properties Incentive Fund [both programmes provide support up to 20%of eligible costs], andThird, in the US, there is a system of professional qualification which is integrated with broader preservationstandards and funding strategies.The principal sources of statutory authority for the federal government are the Historic Sites, Buildings,and Antiquities Act of 1935, and the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966. The chief components ofthe US approach to built heritage preservation are:a. the Historic American Buildings Survey and the Historic American Engineering Record(HABS/HAER – instituted under the Historic Sites, Buildings, and Antiquities Act of 1935,b. the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP),c. preservation standards:• The Secretary of the Interior’s Standards for the Treatment of Historic Properties, with Guidelinesfor Preserving, Rehabilitating, Restoring and Reconstructing Historic Buildings (1995), and• The Secretary of the Interior’s Standards for the Treatment of Historic Properties, with Guidelinesfor the Treatment of Cultural Landscapes (1996).d. documentation standards: The Secretary of the Interior’s Standards and Guidelines for Architecturaland Engineering Documentation.e. National Center for Preservation Training and Technology (NCPTT) – established in 1992 byamendments to the National Historic Preservation Act,f. tax credits and grants, most importantly the ‘historic preservation tax credits,’g. professional occupational standards: Secretary of the Interior’s Professional Qualification Standardsdeveloped by the National Park Serviceh. the American Cultural Resources Association which is an approximate counterpart to the CanadianAssociation of Professional Heritage Consultants.26©CULTURAL HUMAN RESOURCES COUNCIL
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Human Resources in Canada's Built Heritage Sector: Mapping the ...

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