Jamaica Biofuels Report - Ministry of Energy

fermentable sugars are calculated for each delivered load of cane using the measured Brix anda formula to account for the proportion of reducing sugars (e.g. glucose and fructose), saltcontent, and other factors. The final Brazilian cane price formula also reflects industrialprocessing productivity and the mix of final products and their corresponding prices in a givenyear.A Brazilian-style formula may be premature in Jamaica, depending as it does on knowledge ofthe operation of existing mills and ethanol product markets, and developing a scheme forindependent producers in Jamaica will require negotiation among the interested parties withinthe specific context of an emerging industry. That said, the system, when it comes into being,should be designed to reward producers who deliver their cane in short periods and with higherquality, because it will reduce industrial costs. At the same time, it should not unduly penalizeharvesting at the beginning and end of the season, when Pol may be lower, but raw material isstill needed to keep the mill operating. Remuneration of the fiber for energy processes can beaccomplished through a separate system, especially during the off season, when the mill wouldbe able to accept other materials like bamboo, grasses, wood, etc. for cogeneration ordistillationAt the Moneymusk Estate, payments are based on Pol and Brix, and the formula has abyproduct component, which is not currently utilized. Moneymusk sells Grade C molasses tothe rum factory next door, along with steam. Quality based payment seems to be the best wayto go, since sugar is produced in the fields and only recovered in the factory. Under an effectivequality-based payment system, some practices like burning will naturally stop, because burningbegins the inversion of sucrose, resulting in an inferior material detrimental to both sides of thetransaction. Besides that, the fiber content can be increased without harming the extractionefficiency, since the cane cleaning system will have to be dry, and a surplus of fiber with lowerwater content will be available for the boilers. This component of the raw material can berewarded for both sides, industrial and agronomical.SorghumVarieties suited for ethanol are available but with far less long term experience than with sugarcane. If sorghum proves to be adapted to Jamaica in the future, it can theoretically be grown inrotation with soybeans. It would be possible to have two harvests of sorghum (plant andratoon), one for each 3-4 months, and before replanting it, a soybean crop.To make this possible, as it is already in use in other Caribbean countries, it must begin withfield trials to find a suitable variety to present conditions. The use of sorghum may have someadvantages like being planted by seeds produced by the own farmers, and the excessproduction can be sold to cattle growers.• Method of cultivation – grown from seed, 5-6 months to maturity, two crops per yearwith second crop from ratoon. Requires less water than sugar cane.• Sorghum properly conducted may produce two harvests in one year, plant and firstratoon should be economically liable. The crop is more efficient in water use and this17