Jamaica Biofuels Report - Ministry of Energy

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1. IntroductionIn early 2010, the Organization of American States contracted Winrock International to conducta project designed to help the Government of Jamaica in its efforts to take advantage of biofueltechnology and the island’s agricultural resources to offset the cost of imported petroleum andreduce its impact on the local economy. After extensive fact-finding, including backgroundresearch, meetings with government agencies, interviews with experts and decision makers,and visits to sugar estates, the Winrock team undertook a broad prefeasibility study, reportedin the pages that follow, covering the following topics:Biomass Resource Assessment, including a discussion of available land, alternative uses,topographic and rainfall considerations, and suitability for biofuel feedstocks (Section 2.)Human and Institutional Resources and Roles, including industrial and researchorganizations, as well as technically skilled personnel (Section 3.)Economic Analysis, including product markets, pricing and financial considerations(Section 4.)Processing and Distribution, including ethanol and biodiesel conversion options (Section5.)Technology Assessment, including emerging technologies (Section 6.)Risk Assessment, including potential hazards for investors and approaches to mitigatingthem (Section 7.)The team also worked closely with the government’s Biofuels Task Force and performedresearch and policy analysis that contributed to the government’s draft National Biofuels Policy2010-2030 released in October 2010. In addition to formulating a public education andawareness program for advancing biofuels (Annex I), the team presented material on biofuelstechnology at a summer course at the University of the West Indies and also presentedpreliminary findings from the prefeasibility analysis to a broad audience at a workshop inKingston, organized by the Task Force, in November 2010. In addition to obtaining valuablereactions to the analysis from participants, Winrock’s team also took advantage of breakoutsessions and informal discussions at the workshop to identify pilot projects (Annex II) andformulate an implementation plan (Annex III). The pages that follow contain the results of initialbackground research, drawing on published sources and extensive meetings and interviews inJamaica.6
2. Biomass Resource Identification2.1 General OverviewAs illustrated in Figure 1 and Table 1, Jamaica appears to have ample land for food crops andbiofuel/bioenergy crops.Figure 1: Location of plantations, fields, bamboo and bauxite extraction areas and area (ha)according to the Forestry Department 1998 land use map (Annex IV)According to the Forestry Department of the Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries, plantationareas, which will be discussed in the next sub-section, amount to 87,200 ha. The Departmentclassifies an additional 585,800 ha under four other categories that are either wholly of partlyfields, so the total area that could be suited to food and bioenergy crops amounts to 673,000ha. In addition, there are more than 45,000 ha of bamboo, which can be a particularly goodsource of biomass fuel.7
Page 1 and 2: Assistance for Biofuels Developm
Page 3 and 4: TABLE OF CONTENTSEXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Page 5: All countries with commercial biodi
Page 9 and 10: Figure 2: Areas of land in classes
Page 11 and 12: conditions accumulates dry mass und
Page 13 and 14: 1. Sugar cane varieties and observa
Page 15 and 16: Sugar cane is naturally tolerant to
Page 17 and 18: fermentable sugars are calculated f
Page 19 and 20: purchased in some form from elsewhe
Page 21 and 22: welfare, but sustainable production
Page 23 and 24: spacing) for cattle, pigs and other
Page 25 and 26: 3. Human and Institutional Resource
Page 27 and 28: Finally, Universities can also prov
Page 29 and 30: Exemption from import duties of cap
Page 31 and 32: farmers and Midwestern states, wher
Page 33 and 34: form methyl esters. The caloric val
Page 35 and 36: cost would be, to future world ener
Page 37 and 38: Figure 6: Typical financing structu
Page 39 and 40: 5. Processing and Distribution5.1 T
Page 41 and 42: are produced and stored for later p
Page 43 and 44: operator and PCJ (and other blender
Page 45 and 46: Figure 9: Schematic representation
Page 47 and 48: Figure 11: Schematic representation
Page 49 and 50: agroenergy/biofuels operations in t
Page 51 and 52: ANNEX IPublic Education and Outreac
Page 53 and 54: In the scoping assessment, input wa
Page 55 and 56: Run over a longer period so that th
Page 57 and 58:
estates is completed. The large mil
Page 59 and 60:
(a) What waste vegetable oils are o
Page 61 and 62:
(g) Information on long term supply
Page 63 and 64:
(f) Information to control the spre
Page 65 and 66:
Jamaica BroilersJamaica Public Serv
Page 67 and 68:
The Jamaica Manufacturers’ Associ
Page 69 and 70:
phone hotline and email address wit
Page 71 and 72:
ut first, the necessary steps need
Page 73 and 74:
etc.), and that labour laws arecomp
Page 75 and 76:
campaign management team.75
Page 79 and 80:
Annex Ib. BudgetThe budget below is
Page 81 and 82:
Activity 5: Best practices forbiofu
Page 83 and 84:
Annex Ic. Useful resources for educ
Page 85 and 86:
ANNEX IIPilot Project Identificatio
Page 87 and 88:
Over the 15 years of its depreciate
Page 89 and 90:
Figure 3: Effect of the selling pri
Page 91 and 92:
Pilot Project: Duckenfield Estate -
Page 93 and 94:
Additional assumptions involve exte
Page 95 and 96:
Sensitivity to Sugar Price30.00%25.
Page 97 and 98:
Sensitivity to Ethanol Price30.00%2
Page 99 and 100:
Pilot Projects: Discussion of Other
Page 101 and 102:
Pilot Project: Biodiesel RefineryBa
Page 103 and 104:
iodiesel subsidize it one way or an
Page 105 and 106:
Financial Analysis for 3 Million Ga
Page 107 and 108:
ANNEX IIIJamaica Biofuels Implement
Page 109 and 110:
In-Depth Project Feasibility Studie
Page 111 and 112:
Project ImplementationTask Force ac
Page 113 and 114:
This table summarizes the area (ha)
Page 115 and 116:
Clarendon Figure 1115
Page 117 and 118:
Hanover Figure 1117
Page 119 and 120:
Kingston St. Andrew Figure 1119
Page 121 and 122:
Manchester Figure 1121
Page 123 and 124:
Portland Figure 1123
Page 125 and 126:
Saint Ann Figure 1125
Page 127 and 128:
Saint Catherine Figure 1127
Page 129 and 130:
Saint Elizabeth Figure 1129
Page 131 and 132:
Saint James Figure 1131
Page 133 and 134:
Saint Mary Figure 1133
Page 135 and 136:
Saint Thomas Figure 1135
Page 137 and 138:
Trelawny Figure 1137
Page 139 and 140:
Westmoreland Figure 1139
Page 141:
ANNEX VSummary of Sugarcane industr
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Jamaica Biofuels Report - Ministry of Energy

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