Proceedings Fonetik 2009 - Institutionen för lingvistik

More documents

Recommendations

Info

Proceedings, FONETIK 2009, Dept. of Linguistics, Stockholm UniversityFigure 6. Pitch contours of the initial phrase Flyget,tåget och bilbranchen ‘Airlines, train companiesand the automobile industry’ produced by 118South Swedish speakers.Figure 5. Geographical distribution of the four pitchpatterns of phrase-initial accent I observed in SouthSwedish varieties and two reference varieties(Stockholm and Gothenburg Swedish).Additional observationsWhile we have observed a variability for pitchpatterns accompanying the accent I word in initialposition of the phrase under study in SouthSwedish, the other two accented words of thephrase show an apparent constancy for theirpitch patterns. The second accent I word tågethas the regular falling pattern, while the thirdfinal word of the phrase bilbranschen (accent IIcompound) displays an expected rise-fall on thesequence of syllables consisting of the primarystress (the first syllable of the word) and thenext syllable. This is true of basically all productionsof each variety of South Swedish, ascan be seen in Figure 6, showing the pitch contoursof all South Swedish speakers.DiscussionIn our study of the phonetic realisation of anaccent I word in phrase-initial position, wehave observed a difference in variability for thevarieties investigated. Even if it should beadmitted that there may be some difficulties ofclassification of the pitch patterns involved, andthat the data points in our study may be relativelyfew, the variability among pitch patternsfor phrase-initial accent I is still clear. So whilethe Central Swedish pitch patterns for phraseinitialaccent I both to the East (Stockholm) andto the West (Gothenburg) display an apparentconstancy, albeit with distinct patterns – EastCentral Swedish rising and West Central Swedishfall-rise – the corresponding pitch patternsin South Swedish can be described as morevariable. This would appear to be true of eachof the sub-varieties in this group, but there isalso an interesting difference between some ofthem. As we have seen, the falling default pitchpattern in the South is dominating in the majorityof the sub-varieties examined, even if both arising pattern and a fall-rise are not uncommonhere. But there seems to be a difference in geographicaldistribution, so that towards northeastwithin the South Swedish region the percentageof a rising pattern has increased, while there isa corresponding tendency for the fall-rise to bea more a frequent pattern towards northwest. Ahigh level pitch, which can be seen as functionallyequivalent to the rising pattern (and maybeeven to the fall-rise), is a relatively frequentpattern only in some northern sub-varieties ofthe South Swedish region.It is tempting to interpret the occurrence ofthe rising pattern of initial accent I in South46
Proceedings, FONETIK 2009, Dept. of Linguistics, Stockholm UniversitySwedish as an influence from and adaptation toEast Central Swedish. Also the occurrence ofthe fall-rise can be seen as an adaptation toWest Swedish intonation. The addition of a riseafter the falling gesture resulting in a fall-rise(typical of West Central Swedish) would – for aSouth Swedish speaker – appear to be less of aconcession than the substitution of a fallingpitch gesture with a rising one. The added riseafter the fall for phrase-initial accent I does notseem to alter the intonational phrasing in a fundamentalway. But even if a rising pitch gesturefor initial accent I may appear to be a morefundamental change of the phrase intonation, itstill seems to be a feasible modification ofSouth Swedish phrase intonation. The integrationof a rising pattern in this phrase positiondoes not appear to disturb the general structureof South Swedish phrase intonation. Our impressionis further that having a rising pitchgesture on the first accent I word followed by aregular falling gesture on the second word (creatinga kind of hat pattern as it were) does notchange the equal prominence to be expected forthe successive words of the phrase under studyeither. Moreover, a pitch rise in the beginningof an intonation unit (as well as a fall at the endof a unit) could be seen as a default choice forintonational phrasing, if the language or dialectin question does not impose specific constraintsdictated for example by features of accentuation.[computer program]. http://www.praat.org/,visited 30-Mar-09.Bruce G. (2007) Components of a prosodic typologyof Swedish intonation. In Riad T.and Gussenhoven C. (eds) Tones andTunes, Volume 1, 113-146, Berlin: Moutonde Gruyter.Elenius K. (1999) Two Swedish SpeechDat databases- some experiences and results.Proc. of Eurospeech 99, 2243-2246.Elert C.-C. (1994) Indelning och gränser inomområdet för den nu talade svenskan - en aktuelldialektografi. In Edlund L. E. (ed) Kulturgränser- myt eller verklighet, Umeå,Sweden: Diabas, 215-228.Gårding E. (1977) The Scandinavian word accents.Lund, Gleerup.Gårding E. and Lindblad P. (1973) Constancyand variation in Swedish word accent patterns.Working Papers 7. Lund: Lund University,Phonetics Laboratory, 36-110.Meyer E. A. (1937) Die Intonation imSchwedischen, I: Die Sveamundarten. StudiesScand. Philol. Nr. 10. Stockholm University.Meyer E. A. (1954) Die Intonation imSchwedischen, II: Die Sveamundarten.Studies Scand. Philol. Nr. 11. StockholmUniversity.AcknowledgementsThis paper was initially produced as an invitedcontribution to a workshop on phrase-initialpitch contours organised by Tomas Riad andSara Myrberg at the Scandinavian LanguagesDepartment, Stockholm University in March2009. It is related to the SIMULEKT project(cf. Beskow et al., 2008), a co-operation betweenPhonetics at Lund University and SpeechCommunication at KTH Stockholm, funded bythe Swedish Research Council 2007-2009.ReferencesBeskow J., Bruce G., Enflo L., Granström B.,and Schötz S. (alphabetical order) (2008)Recognizing and Modelling Regional Varietiesof Swedish. Proceedings of Interspeech2008, Brisbane, Australia.Boersma P. and Weenink D. (2009) Praat: doingphonetics by computer (version 5.1)47
Page 1 and 2: Department of LinguisticsProceeding
Page 3 and 4: Proceedings, FONETIK 2009, Dept. of
Page 41 and 42: Proceedings, FOETIK 2009, Dept. of
Page 45: Proceedings, FONETIK 2009, Dept. of
Page 97 and 98:
Proceedings, FONETIK 2009, Dept. of
Page 99 and 100:
Page 101 and 102:
Page 103 and 104:
Page 105 and 106:
Page 107 and 108:
Page 109 and 110:
Page 111 and 112:
Page 113 and 114:
Page 115 and 116:
Page 117 and 118:
Page 119 and 120:
Page 121 and 122:
Page 123 and 124:
Page 125 and 126:
Page 127 and 128:
Proceedings, FOETIK 2009, Dept. of
Page 129 and 130:
Page 131 and 132:
Page 133 and 134:
Page 135 and 136:
Page 137 and 138:
Page 139 and 140:
Page 141 and 142:
Page 143 and 144:
Page 145 and 146:
Page 147 and 148:
Page 149 and 150:
Page 151 and 152:
Page 153 and 154:
Page 155 and 156:
Page 157 and 158:
Page 159 and 160:
Page 161 and 162:
Page 163 and 164:
Page 165 and 166:
Page 167 and 168:
Page 169 and 170:
Page 171 and 172:
Page 173 and 174:
Page 175 and 176:
Page 177 and 178:
Page 179 and 180:
Page 181 and 182:
Page 183 and 184:
Page 185 and 186:
Page 187 and 188:
Page 189 and 190:
Page 191 and 192:
Page 193 and 194:
Page 195 and 196:
Page 197 and 198:
Page 199 and 200:
Page 201 and 202:
Page 203 and 204:
Page 205 and 206:
Page 207 and 208:
Page 209 and 210:
Page 211 and 212:
Page 213 and 214:
Page 215 and 216:
Page 217 and 218:
Page 219 and 220:
Page 221 and 222:
Page 223 and 224:
Page 225 and 226:
Page 227:
Department of LinguisticsPhonetics
show all

Proceedings Fonetik 2009 - Institutionen för lingvistik

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?