BOOKS IN REVIEWfive days <strong>in</strong> Australia, has not yet seen akangaroo — "Est-ce qu'ils existent vraiment,ces <strong>in</strong>sectes?" Chris spent a wholew<strong>in</strong>ter <strong>in</strong> Canada without see<strong>in</strong>g a s<strong>in</strong>gleMountie, and lived <strong>in</strong> daily fear <strong>of</strong> open<strong>in</strong>ghis door to f<strong>in</strong>d a bear star<strong>in</strong>g at him.Roch counters that bears were <strong>in</strong>ventedby the same m<strong>in</strong>istry which <strong>in</strong>vented theR.C.M.P.The two travell<strong>in</strong>g companions teaseeach other about language. Both Australiansand Québécois like to draw outthe pronunciation <strong>of</strong> their respective language.Chris th<strong>in</strong>ks that natives <strong>of</strong> themother country (England or France)have to compress their language <strong>in</strong> orderto keep it with<strong>in</strong> the boundaries <strong>of</strong> suchsmall territories. Each <strong>in</strong>evitably comesaround to apply<strong>in</strong>g his ironic view <strong>of</strong> theworld to his own culture. Reproachedwith faulty logic, Roch asks <strong>in</strong>dignantlywhat is logic — he's from Quebec ! "Etrequébécois, c'est pouvoir dire oui et nonà la fois; c'est pouvoir être conservateuret libéral en même temps; c'est pouvoirêtre fédéraliste et séparatiste ensemble.. .."Chris and Roch discuss a dizzy<strong>in</strong>g array<strong>of</strong> topics from politics to biology andfrom religion to the "big bang," treat<strong>in</strong>gmost <strong>of</strong> them with irreverence and humour.Virtually no theme strays far fromtopics <strong>of</strong> current concern. It is perhaps<strong>in</strong> the imag<strong>in</strong>ative and light-heartedtreatment <strong>of</strong> serious topics that fictiontakes hold, rather than <strong>in</strong> construction<strong>of</strong> the plot and narrative <strong>of</strong> a traditionalnovel. Roch expresses admiration to haverun <strong>in</strong>to the "most famous Australianpoet," H. D. Hope, ur<strong>in</strong>at<strong>in</strong>g like anord<strong>in</strong>ary human be<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong> a public men'sroom. In response to Chris's suspicionthat he is mak<strong>in</strong>g fun <strong>of</strong> Australianpoetry, Roch protests that the poets <strong>of</strong>the "mother countries" never engage <strong>in</strong>such natural functions — "A-t-on déjàvu pisser Shakespeare ou Victor Hugo?"It would be a serious misread<strong>in</strong>g to takethis as sarcasm directed at the "greatwriters" rather than at affected attitudes<strong>of</strong> "superiority." Perhaps, <strong>in</strong> a desperateacademic attempt to categorize RochCarrier's dialogic tall story, we shouldsay that it is a fast-mov<strong>in</strong>g, humorouscommentary on contemporary attitudestoward "reality," un<strong>in</strong>hibited by slavishadherence to "truth" or any other sacredcows. It is worth an hour or two <strong>of</strong> read<strong>in</strong>gtime by anyone with the least degree<strong>of</strong> awareness that the colonialist/colonizedmentality affects persons <strong>of</strong> variousestates, careers, religions, sexual outlooks,and political dispositions.Jean Daigle does not write with thefree-wheel<strong>in</strong>g irreverence and facility <strong>of</strong>Roch Carrier, and he never touches directlyon political themes. His theatrehas repeatedly been described as "psychodrama."Daigle's first full-length play,Coup de sang, was published only <strong>in</strong>1976, although he had been writ<strong>in</strong>g s<strong>in</strong>cethe late 1960's. The third play, Le jugementdernier (Théâtre Port Royal, Montreal,1979), was criticized for its unwieldyuse <strong>of</strong> difficult-to-follow flashbacks.The earnest excavation <strong>of</strong> theunlovely and unlov<strong>in</strong>g past <strong>of</strong> parents isevocative not only <strong>of</strong> Chekhov's theatrebut also <strong>of</strong> Eugene O'Neill's prob<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong>t<strong>of</strong>amily violence and alcoholism <strong>in</strong> U.S.drama.Between his early dramas and thismost recent "comedy," Daigle has certa<strong>in</strong>lyevolved <strong>in</strong> his theatrical writ<strong>in</strong>g.Au septième ciel, his sixth play, takes usthrough the complications <strong>of</strong> autumnallove and engagement. The play turnsaround the doubts and desires <strong>of</strong> twogentlemen <strong>of</strong> sixty-five, Albert and Edmond,who are engaged to Yvette andRose (fifty-five years young), the proprietors<strong>of</strong> a rest home. While the themes<strong>of</strong> misunderstand<strong>in</strong>g between lovers andthe fears <strong>of</strong> a "conv<strong>in</strong>ced bachelor" (Edmond)upon contemplat<strong>in</strong>g marriage forthe first time at a relatively advanced256
BOOKS IN REVIEWage yield the comic situations and reparteewhich we associate with summertheatre <strong>in</strong> Quebec, there is genu<strong>in</strong>e humour<strong>of</strong> language and some poetry <strong>in</strong>Daigle's writ<strong>in</strong>g. Albert is a world-wisebachelor who enjoys verbal parry andthrust. He is impatient with the engagementritual — he would prefer to "tastethe wedd<strong>in</strong>g cake" before marriage. Inwrathful reaction to the precipitous departure<strong>of</strong> a faithless companion, Evangel<strong>in</strong>e,a friend <strong>of</strong> the two fiancées, decidesto reconstruct the French language— "j'utiliserai plus jamais un mot mascul<strong>in</strong>"— and she proceeds to fem<strong>in</strong>izeall mascul<strong>in</strong>e words : "Faites-moi la plaisirde retourner dans la jard<strong>in</strong>, je veuxpas vous voir la bout de la nez seulement"(my italics).There is a good possibility that thesuccess <strong>of</strong> Michel Tremblay's Les bellessoeurs <strong>in</strong> 1968, with its scandalous use <strong>of</strong>joual had an impact on the dramaticcareer <strong>of</strong> the young Jean Daigle. To hiscredit, it should be noted that Daigledid not jump on the bandwagon to tryto capitalize on Tremblay's success.Daigle's characters <strong>in</strong> fact br<strong>in</strong>g popularlanguage to the stage also, but it is clearlyand realistically based on the spokenFrench <strong>of</strong> a small prov<strong>in</strong>cial town, hav<strong>in</strong>glittle or no connection with the popularlanguage <strong>of</strong> Montreal or with theliterary and theatrical modishness <strong>of</strong>"joual" <strong>in</strong> the late 1960's. Jean Daigleis a craftsman <strong>of</strong> the theatre who hasbeen work<strong>in</strong>g slowly and deliberately fornearly twenty years produc<strong>in</strong>g theatrewhich may be viewed and re-viewed with<strong>in</strong>creas<strong>in</strong>g respect for the human statementthat it makes.CARROL F. COATESTELLINGSROBERT CURRIE, Learn<strong>in</strong>g on the Job. Oberon,$11.95.JANE MUNRO, The Trees Just Moved Into aSeason <strong>of</strong> Other Shapes, Quarry, $8.95.KEN NORRis, In the Spirit <strong>of</strong> the Times. TheMuses' Company, $6.95.STEVE NOYÉS, Back<strong>in</strong>g Into Heaven. Turnstone,$7.95.LOVING AND WRITING have <strong>of</strong>ten been thesubjects <strong>of</strong> poetry as poets ask not onlywhat it is to love but also what it is towrite "I love." This relation betweenwhat French psychoanalyst Julia Kristevamight call desire and language hasbeen worried over recently <strong>in</strong> Canadianpoetics. Theorist, novelist, poet RobertKroetsch articulates his awareness <strong>of</strong> theproblem <strong>in</strong> a 1981 <strong>in</strong>terview with ShirleyNeuman :I realize that I fall <strong>in</strong> love by say<strong>in</strong>g I fall<strong>in</strong> love. But I also know that I then havefallen <strong>in</strong> love. You know, I have an upsetstomach and can't sleep at night, I writelove letters . . . and all the crazy th<strong>in</strong>gs alover does.More recently, <strong>in</strong> her latest book <strong>of</strong>poems, Jane Munro also acknowledgesthe uneasy relation between the wordswe have to speak about love and ourexperience <strong>of</strong> it when she writes <strong>of</strong> twolovers who "haven't learned enough yetabout the many k<strong>in</strong>ds <strong>of</strong> tell<strong>in</strong>g, <strong>in</strong> love."As different as Jane Munro's book isfrom recent books by Robert Currie, KenNorris, and Steve Noyes, at some po<strong>in</strong>tthey each struggle with or <strong>in</strong> the relationbetween language and lov<strong>in</strong>g, whethertheir poems speak <strong>of</strong> a love for others,for words, or for the ways that our wordsgive us access to our "others." Somepoems tell us <strong>of</strong> the many k<strong>in</strong>ds <strong>of</strong> love;others that, as Kristeva writes, "love isspoken, and that is all it is."The poems <strong>in</strong> Robert Currie's Learn<strong>in</strong>gon the Job speak, with humour and<strong>in</strong>sight, <strong>of</strong> the different k<strong>in</strong>ds <strong>of</strong> love a257
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