Recovery From Schizophrenia: Psychiatry And Political Economy

105 Bockoven, J.S., Moral Treatment in Community Mental Health, New York: Springer,1972, ch. 5.106 Rothman, Discovery of the Asylum, p. 357.107 Bockoven, Moral Treatment, p. 67.108 An exception would be Grob, Mental Institutions in America, pp. 184–5. Afterreviewing Dr Park’s follow-up study of Dr Woodward’s patients. Grob concludesthat it indicates “a record that compares quite favorably with mid-twentieth centurydischarge rates from mental hospitals.”109 Ray, I., American Journal of Insanity, 16:1–2, 1861–2. Quoted in Caplan, Psychiatryand the Community, pp. 73–4.110 Rothman, Discovery of the Asylum, p. 266.111 Ibid., p. 281; Scull, “Discovery of the Asylum revisited,” pp. 157–9.112 Scull, “Discovery of the Asylum revisited,” p. 159.113 Mora, “Historical and theoretical trends,” p. 73.114 “The German asylum tradition issued more from the prison than the monastery, andthis is, according to Kirchhof, the reason for their tremendous use of coercivemeasures.” Ellenburger, H.F., “Psychiatry from ancient to modern times,” inS.Arieti (ed.) American Handbook of Psychiatry, vol. I, New York: Basic Books, 1974,pp. 3–27. This reference is on p. 22.6LABOR, POVERTY AND SCHIZOPHRENIANOTES 3251 Brenner, M.H., Mental Illness and the Economy, Cambridge, Massachusetts: HarvardUniversity Press, 1973, p. 207.2 Scull, A.T., Decarceration: Community Treatment and the Deviant—A Radical View,Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey: Prentice-Hall, 1977, p. 157; Sharfstein, S.S. andNafziger, J.C., “Community care: Costs and benefits for a chronic patient,” Hospitaland Community Psychiatry, 27:170–3, 1976; Murphy, J.G. and Datel, W.E., “A costbenefitanalysis of community versus institutional living,” Hospital and CommunityPsychiatry, 27:165–70, 1976.3 All quotations in this paragraph are drawn from Marsden, D. and Duff, E., Workless:Some Unemployed Men and Their Families, Baltimore: Penguin, 1975, pp. 191–202.4 Eisenberg, P. and Lazarsfeld, P.F., “The psychological effects of unemployment,”Psychological Bulletin, 35:358–90, 1938; The Pilgrim Trust, Men Without Work, NewYork: Greenwood Press, 1968, p. 143 et seq.5 Bemporad, J.R. and Pinsker, H., “Schizophrenia: The manifest symptomatology,”in S.Arieti and E.B.Brody (eds), American Handbook of Psychiatry, vol. III, NewYork: Basic Books, 1974, pp. 525–50. The quotation is on p. 540.6 Marsden and Duff, Workless, p. 211.7 Israeli, N., “Distress in the outlook of Lancashire and Scottish unemployed,” Journalof Applied Psychology, 19:67–9, 1935.8 Ibid., p. 67.9 Brenner, Mental Illness and the Economy, pp. 38, 56, 169.10 Brown, G.W., Birley, J.L.T. and Wing, J.K., “Influence of family life on the courseof schizophrenic disorders: A replication,” British Journal of Psychiatry, 121:241–58,