Recovery From Schizophrenia: Psychiatry And Political Economy

SUBJECT INDEX 397symbolic thinking 4symptoms, of schizophrenia:negative 22, 132;positive 22, 283, 284synapses 220, 221Taipei 154–155, 160Tallensi people 147Tanala people 167Tanzania 164tardive dyskinesia 222, 236, 237, 240Tegretol 238, 241tenant patrol 278ten-country study (WHO) 148, 155–157TEPs see transitional employment programsTexas 90, 289therapeutic environment 235, 241–242therapeutic nihilism 4therapeutic communities 85, 242, 290–291therapy:cognitive-behavioral 283–284;contemplative 276;electro-convulsive 54, 57, 83, 149, 228,270;family 243, 284–286;group 83, 283, 283, 284;industrial 85;insulin coma 54, 57, 83;major role 234;milieu 83, 86, 95;occupational 9,83;outpatient, to reduce stress 234–235;social 86;work 98, 119, 124, 140, 248, 276;see also psychotherapythinking disturbances see thought disorder(s)Third World 71,147–170;better outcome of schizophrenia in,compared to Western world 147, 149–150, 154, 156, 157, 246;family dynamics in 24, 169–170;prevalence of schizophrenia in 32;stigma in 165;unemployment in 159, 160;see also individual countries and regionsthought disorder(s) 3, 4, 5 (table), 5, 9, 23,221thought transference 5 (table)Thresholds 290thyrotoxicosis 195, 201time, sense of 132tobacco 23;see also cigarette smokingtolerance, of mentally ill people 136, 138–139, 165;see also stigmaToronto 255Toupouri people 158Trade in Lunacy, The (Parry-Jones) 109tranquilizers, minor 239–240, 242transitional employment programs (TEPs)251–252treatment, of schizophrenia: Bleuler'smethods of 8–9;drug-free 227, 228, 229, 230, 240;involuntary 277;low-dose approach to 230, 238, 240,241–243, 270;pessimism regarding 132;see also antipsychotic drugs;community treatment;drug-free treatment;hospitalization;moral treatment;psychosocial treatmentTrieste 253, 254, 263, 292Trinidad 167, 207trypanosomiasis 148tuberculosis 14–16, 165, 166Turin 253Turkey 166twin studies, genetic factors suggested by17 (fig.), 19Uganda 147, 164under-staffing 180unemployable insane 125unemployment 29, 34,46–47, 57, 112–113,138, 300;adolescent 132;alcoholism and 46;alienation and 192;