Real freedom for all turtles in Sugarscape? - Presses universitaires ...

d e B r i e y – C o o p e r a t i v e j u s t i c e a n d o p p o r t u n i t y c o s t s 177respectively of 4/7 and of 24/7 for contributions of 1/7 and of 6/7. This givesthem an additional benefit on contributions ratio of 4 (table 1, lines xii toxix). It is interesting to note that the sum of the additional benefits ofcooperation is higher when the subsidy is of 1/7 rather than of 1/4 (table 1,lines xi and xix). The revision of our criterion of justice therefore guaranteesthat cooperation is not only equitable but also efficient.Generalization and application to linguistic justiceThe thus amended criterion of justice can of course be generalized to anynumber of communities comprising N members as follows:(4)Bi i i ijj j jk k k k− O ( C − t )) B − ( O ( C − t )) B − ( O ( C − t ))==i ij jk k( …C − tC − tC − ti i j j k kfor N t + N t + N t ... = 0orijk(5) Bi Bj Bk− O = − O = − Oi ij jk kC − t C − t C − ti i j j k kfor N t + N t + N t ... = 0where- i, j, k… is a agent taking part in cooperation, who has specificcharacteristics,- N is the number of agents presenting the same characteristics,- B are the gross benefits derived from cooperation for each agent i,- O is the return/yield of the alternative activity to cooperation for eachagent i,- c is the cost of production of the common good,- t is the subsidy received by one agent i (with 0 < t < c).It is now possible to apply this formula to the issue of linguistic justice. Ishall be looking at two of the situations addressed in our initial article. First,Al, An and Béa are learning Esperanto (BVP: 27-8). Second, threecommunities comprising respectively 20, 10 and 1 member(s) and where thetwo smallest communities are learning the dominant language (BVP: 28-31).I am taking up the principle present in the initial article whereby the grossbenefit derived from cooperation by one person corresponds to the numberof its potential new interlocutors.…