Aircraft Operations

I-4-6-2
Procedures — Aircraft Operations — Volume I
Note.— Timing from the FAF based on ground speed may also be used to assist the planning of a stabilized
approach. (See Chapter 3, 3.3.6.1)
6.1.6 If upon reaching the MAPt the required visual reference is not established, the procedure requires that a
missed approach be initiated at once in order to maintain protection from obstacles.
6.1.7 Missed approach gradient
6.1.7.1 Normally procedures are based on a minimum missed approach climb gradient of 2.5 per cent. A gradient
of 2 per cent may be used in the procedure construction if the necessary survey and safeguarding have been provided.
With the approval of the appropriate authority, gradients of 3, 4 or 5 per cent may be used for aircraft whose climb
performance permits an operational advantage to be thus obtained.
6.1.7.2 When a gradient other than 2.5 per cent is used, this is indicated on the instrument approach chart. In
addition to the OCA/H for this gradient, the OCA/H applicable to the nominal gradient will also be shown.
6.1.7.3 Special conditions. It is emphasized that a missed approach procedure which is based on the nominal
climb gradient of 2.5 per cent cannot be used by all aeroplanes when operating at or near maximum certificated gross
mass and engine-out conditions. The operation of aeroplanes under these conditions needs special consideration at
aerodromes which are critical due to obstacles on the missed approach area. This may result in a special procedure
being established with a possible increase in the DA/H or MDA/H.
6.2 INITIAL PHASE
The initial phase begins at the MAPt and ends at the start of climb (SOC). This phase requires the concentrated
attention of the pilot on establishing the climb and the changes in aeroplane configuration. It is assumed that guidance
equipment is not extensively utilized during these manoeuvres, and for this reason, no turns are specified in this phase.
6.3 INTERMEDIATE PHASE
6.3.1 The intermediate phase begins at the SOC. The climb is continued, normally straight ahead. It extends to the
first point where 50 m (164 ft) obstacle clearance is obtained and can be maintained.
6.3.2 The intermediate missed approach track may be changed by a maximum of 15° from that of the initial
missed approach phase. During this phase, it is assumed that the aircraft begins track corrections.
6.4 FINAL PHASE
6.4.1 The final phase begins at the point where 50 m (164 ft) obstacle clearance is first obtained (for Category H
procedures, 40 m (131 ft)) and can be maintained. It extends to the point where a new approach, holding or a return to
en-route flight is initiated. Turns may be prescribed in this phase.
23/11/06