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Table X. Codes for diagnostic categories, from the International Classification of Diseases, 9th Revision, Clinical Modification Diagnostic category Code Childbirth . . . ...................................... V27 Septicemia ........................................ 038 Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV/AIDS) (1990–1994 data) . . . . 042–044, 279.19, 795.8 (Starting with 1995 data) . . . 042, V08 Cancer, all . ....................................... 140–208, 230–234 (Starting with 2010 data) . . . 140–208, 230–234, 209.31–209.36, 209.70–209.75, 209.79 Colorectal cancer .................................. 153–154, 197.5, 230.3–230.6 Lung/bronchus/tracheal cancer ........................ 162, 176.4, 197.0, 197.3, 231.1–231.2 Breast . . . ....................................... 174–175, 198.81, 233.0 Prostate ........................................ 185, 233.4 Uterine fibroids ..................................... 218 Diabetes . . ........................................ 250 Dehydration ....................................... 276.5 (Starting with 2006 data) . . . 276.50–276.52 Alcohol and drug . ................................... 291–292, 303–304, 305.0, 305.2–305.9 Schizophrenia, mood disorders, delusional disorders, nonorganic psychoses . . ............................. 295–298 Schizophrenia .................................... 295 Mood disorders . . . ................................ 296 Dementia and Alzheimer’s disease ....................... 290, 294, 331.0 Heart disease . . .................................... 391–392.0, 393–398, 402, 404, 410–416, 420–429 Ischemic heart disease .............................. 410–414 Heart attack . ................................... 410 Arrhythmias . . .................................... 427 Heart failure. ..................................... 428 Hypertension. ...................................... 401 Stroke ........................................... 430–438 Acute bronchitis and bronchiolitis . . . . . . . . . ............... 466 Pneumonia ........................................ 480–486, 487.0 Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 490–492, 496 Asthma. .......................................... 493 Appendicitis ....................................... 540–543 Gallstones ........................................ 574 Kidney disease ..................................... 580–589 Urinary tract infection . . ............................... 599.0 Hyperplasia of the prostate. . ........................... 600 Osteoarthritis. . ..................................... 715, 721 Intervertebral disc disorders . ........................... 722 Injury . . .......................................... 800–909.2, 909.4, 909.9, 910–994.9, 995.5, 995.80–995.85 Fracture. ........................................ 800–829 Hip fracture. .................................... 820 Internal organ injury ................................ 850–854, 860–869, 952, 995.55 Poisoning and toxic effects ........................... 960–989 Complications of care and adverse effects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 996–999, 909.3, 909.5, 995.0–995.4, 995.6–995.7, 995.86, 995.89 Classification of Diseases, Functioning, and Disability website at: http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/icd.htm and the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services ICD–10 transition website at: http://www.cms.gov/Medicare/Coding/ICD10/ index.html. Late fetal death rate—See Appendix II, Rate: Death and related rates. Leading causes of death—See Appendix II, Cause-of-death ranking. Length of stay—See Appendix II, Average length of stay. Life expectancy—Life expectancy is the average number of years of life remaining to a person at a particular age and is based on a given set of age-specific death rates—generally the mortality conditions existing in the period mentioned. Life expectancy may be determined by sex, race and Hispanic origin, or other characteristics by using age-specific death rates for the population with that characteristic. (Also see Appendix II, Rate: Death and related rates.) 424 Appendix II. Definitions and Methods Health, United States, 2014
U.S. life tables by Hispanic origin were available starting with 2006 data. Life expectancy data for the Hispanic population was not available before 2006 for three major reasons: (a) coverage of the Hispanic population in the U.S. mortality statistics system was incomplete, (b) misclassification of Hispanic persons on death certificate data underestimated deaths in the Hispanic population, and (c) misstatement of age at the oldest ages in the Hispanic population led to an underestimation of mortality at the oldest ages. Hispanic origin was added to the U.S. standard death certificate in 1989, but it was not adopted by every state until 1997. By 1997, all states had reporting at rates over 99%. Research on race and Hispanic origin reporting on U.S. death certificates found that misclassification of race and Hispanic origin accounts for a net underestimate of 5% for total Hispanic deaths and 1% for total non-Hispanic black deaths, and a net overestimate of 0.5% for non-Hispanic white deaths. To address the effects of age misstatement at the oldest ages, the probability of death for Hispanic persons over age 80 is estimated as a function of non Hispanic white mortality with the use of the Brass relational logit model. For more information, see: Arias E. United States life tables by Hispanic origin. NCHS. Vital Health Stat 2010;2(152). Available from: http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/ series/sr_02/sr02_152.pdf. In 2000, the life table methodology was revised. The revised methodology is similar to that developed for the 1999–2001 decennial life tables. In 2008, the life table methodology was refined in two important ways. First, a logistic rather than a nonlinear least squares model was used to smooth and extrapolate the Vital and Medicare blended death rates at the older ages. Second, the age at which smoothing is begun was raised from 66 to 85 years or so, depending on the population. Values for 2001 and subsequent data years are based on the latest revision of the life table methodology. As a result, data post-2000 may differ from figures published previously. For a full description of the new life table methodology, see: Arias E. United States life tables, 2008. National vital statistics reports; vol 61 no 3. Hyattsville, MD: NCHS; 2012. Available from: http:// www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nvsr/nvsr61/nvsr61_03.pdf. Limitation of activity—Limitation of activity may be defined in different ways, depending on the conceptual framework. In the National Health Interview Survey, limitation of activity refers to a long-term reduction in a person's capacity to perform the usual kind or amount of activities associated with his or her age group as a result of a chronic condition. Limitation of activity is assessed by asking persons a series of questions about limitations in their or a family member's ability to perform activities usual for their age group because of a physical, mental, or emotional problem. Persons are asked about limitations in activities of daily living, instrumental activities of daily living, play, school, work, difficulty walking or remembering, and any other activity limitations. For reported limitations, the causal health conditions are determined, and persons are considered limited if one or more of these conditions is chronic. Children under age 18 who receive special education or early intervention services are considered to have a limitation of activity. (Also see Appendix II, Activities of daily living [ADL]; Instrumental activities of daily living [IADL].) Long-term care facility—A long-term care facility is a residence that provides a specific level of personal or medical care or supervision to residents. In the Medicare Current Beneficiary Survey, a residence is considered a long-term care facility if it has three or more long-term care beds and answers affirmatively to at least one of three questions: ‘‘Does this facility (a) provide personal care services to residents, (b) provide continuous supervision of residents, (c) provide any long-term care?’’ Types of longterm care facilities include licensed nursing homes, skilled nursing homes, intermediate care facilities, retirement homes (that provide services), domiciliary or personal care facilities, distinct long-term care units in a hospital complex, mental health facilities and centers, assisted and foster care homes, and institutions for persons with intellectual disabilities (formerly called mentally retarded) and the developmentally disabled. (Also see Appendix II, Nursing home.) Low birthweight—See Appendix II, Birthweight. Mammography—A mammogram is an x-ray image of the breast used to detect irregularities in breast tissue. In the National Health Interview Survey, questions concerning use of mammography are asked on an intermittent schedule, and question content differed across years. For 2013, women were asked when they had their most recent mammogram, and use of mammography was defined as ‘‘percent of women having a mammogram within the past two years.’’ Survey questions have changed over time as follows. In 1987 and 1990, women were asked to report when they had their last mammogram. In 1991, women were asked whether they had a mammogram in the past 2 years. In 1993 and 1994, women were asked whether they had a mammogram within the past year, between 1 and 2 years ago, or over 2 years ago. In 1998, women were asked whether they had a mammogram a year ago or less, more than 1 year but not more than 2 years, or more than 2 years ago. In 1999, women were asked when they had their most recent mammogram, in days, weeks, months, or years. Estimates for 1999 may be slightly overestimated in comparison with previous years due to the inclusion of women who responded ‘‘2 years ago’’ (10% of women), which could have included more than 2 years but less than 3 years. In 2000 and 2003, women were asked when they had their most recent mammogram (asked to give month and year). Women who did not respond were given a follow-up question that used the 1999 wording, and women who did Health, United States, 2014 Appendix II. Definitions and Methods 425
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Copyright information Permission ha
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Preface Health, United States, 2014
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Accessing Health, United States Hea
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Contents
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Trend Tables Health Status and Dete
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Figure 28. Prescription drug use in
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List of Trend Tables Health Status
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Table 64. Healthy weight, overweigh
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State Health Expenditures and Healt
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Health, United States, 2014: At a G
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Highlights This section presents se
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Use of Preventive Medical Care Serv
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Chartbook: Figures 1-19
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Mortality Selected Causes of Death
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Disability Measures Basic Actions D
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Health Risk Factors Overweight and
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Health Insurance Coverage Among Adu
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Personal Health Care Expenditures M
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Special Feature on Adults Aged 55-6
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Health, United States, 2014: Profil
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Selected Chronic Conditions For adu
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Current Cigarette Smoking In 2012-2
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Health Insurance Coverage For adult
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Use of Preventive Services and Scre
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Delay or Nonreceipt of Medical Care
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Data table for Figure 20. Death rat
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Data table for Figure 22. Serious o
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Data table for Figure 24. Participa
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Data table for Figure 26. Health ca
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Data table for Figure 28. Prescript
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Technical Notes Data Sources and Co
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26. Martinez ME, Cohen RA. Health i
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83. CDC. Vaccine recommendations of
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Table 1 (page 1 of 3). Resident pop
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Table 1 (page 3 of 3). Resident pop
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Table 2 (page 2 of 2). Persons belo
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Table 3 (page 2 of 3). Crude birth
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Table 4 (page 1 of 2). Teenage chil
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Table 5. Nonmarital childbearing, b
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Table 7 (page 1 of 3). Low birthwei
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Table 7 (page 3 of 3). Low birthwei
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Table 9 (page 1 of 6). Contraceptiv
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Table 10. Breastfeeding among mothe
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Table 11 (page 2 of 2). Infant, neo
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Table 13 (page 1 of 3). Infant mort
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Table 13 (page 3 of 3). Infant mort
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Table 15 (page 1 of 2). Life expect
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Table 16 (page 1 of 2). Life expect
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Table 17 (page 1 of 2). Age-adjuste
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Table 19 (page 1 of 4). Years of po
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Table 19 (page 3 of 4). Years of po
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Table 20 (page 1 of 4). Leading cau
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Table 23 (page 2 of 4). Death rates
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Table 36 (page 1 of 2). Occupationa
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Table 37 (page 1 of 2). Selected no
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Table 38 (page 1 of 2). Human immun
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Table 39 (page 1 of 5). Health cond
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Table 42 (page 1 of 2). Respondent-
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Table 43 (page 1 of 2). Number of r
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Table 44 (page 1 of 2). Diabetes pr
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Table 45 (page 1 of 2). End-stage r
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Table 46 (page 1 of 3). Severe head
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Table 46 (page 3 of 3). Severe head
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Table 47 (page 2 of 2). Disability
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Table 48 (page 2 of 2). Vision limi
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Table 49 (page 2 of 2). Hearing lim
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Table 50 (page 2 of 2). Respondent-
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Table 51 (page 2 of 2). Serious psy
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Table 52 (page 2 of 2). Current cig
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Table 55 (page 2 of 2). Use of sele
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Table 56 (page 2 of 3). Use of sele
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Table 57 (page 1 of 3). Health risk
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Table 57 (page 3 of 3). Health risk
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Table 58 (page 2 of 3). Heavier dri
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Table 59 (page 1 of 2). Selected he
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Table 60 (page 1 of 2). Hypertensio
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Table 61 (page 1 of 4). Cholesterol
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Table 61 (page 3 of 4). Cholesterol
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Table 62 (page 1 of 2). Mean macron
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Table 63 (page 1 of 5). Participati
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Table 64 (page 2 of 7). Healthy wei
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Table 65 (page 1 of 2). Obesity amo
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Table 66 (page 1 of 2). Untreated d
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Table 67 (page 1 of 2). No usual so
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Table 68 (page 1 of 2). No usual so
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Table 69 (page 1 of 3). Delay or no
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Table 69 (page 3 of 3). Delay or no
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Table 70 (page 2 of 2). No health c
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Table 71 (page 2 of 3). Health care
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Table 72 (page 1 of 3). Vaccination
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Table 72 (page 3 of 3). Vaccination
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Table 74 (page 1 of 2). Influenza v
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Table 75 (page 1 of 2). Pneumococca
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Table 76 (page 1 of 3) . Use of mam
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Table 76 (page 3 of 3). Use of mamm
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Table 77 (page 2 of 5). Use of Pap
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Table 77 (page 4 of 5). Use of Pap
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Table 78 (page 1 of 2). Use of colo
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Table 79 (page 1 of 4). Emergency d
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Table 81 (page 2 of 2). Initial inj
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Table 82 (page 2 of 3). Visits to p
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Table 83 (page 1 of 2). Visits to p
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Table 84 (page 1 of 2) . Dental vis
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Table 85 (page 1 of 2). Prescriptio
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Table 86 (page 1 of 3). Selected pr
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Table 86 (page 3 of 3). Selected pr
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Table 87 (page 2 of 4). Persons wit
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Table 87 (page 4 of 4). Persons wit
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Table 88 (page 2 of 3). Discharges,
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Table 89 (page 1 of 3). Discharge r
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Table 89 (page 3 of 3). Discharge r
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Table 90 (page 2 of 4). Discharges
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Table 90 (page 4 of 4). Discharges
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Table 92. Active physicians and phy
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Table 94. Doctors of medicine in pr
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Table 96. Healthcare employment and
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Table 98. Hospitals, beds, and occu
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Table 100. Occupancy rates in commu
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Table 101 (page 2 of 2). Nursing ho
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Table 102 (page 2 of 2). Gross dome
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Table 103 (page 2 of 2). National h
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Table 104 (page 2 of 3). Personal h
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Table 105 (page 1 of 3). Cost of ho
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Table 105 (page 3 of 3). Cost of ho
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Table 106 (page 2 of 3). Expenses f
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Table 107 (page 1 of 3). Sources of
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Table 107 (page 3 of 3). Sources of
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Table 109 (page 1 of 2). National h
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Table 110. Employers' costs per emp
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Table 111 (page 2 of 3). Private he
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Table 113 (page 2 of 3). Medicaid c
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Table 114 (page 1 of 3). No health
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Table 114 (page 3 of 3). No health
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Table 115 (page 2 of 2). Health ins
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Table 116 (page 2 of 2). Medicare e
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Table 117 (page 2 of 2). Medicare b
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Table 118 (page 2 of 2). Medicaid b
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Table 120. Department of Veterans A
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Table 121 (page 2 of 2). Medicare e
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Table 123 (page 1 of 3). Persons un
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Table 123 (page 3 of 3). Persons un
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Appendix Contents Appendix I. Data
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Mammography .......................
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Appendix I. Data Sources Health, Un
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institutional group quarters popula
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entire survey. In addition, some of
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Another source of Medicaid informat
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For More Information. See the CMS R
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Sample data are weighted to produce
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The estimation procedure used to pr
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with the Armed Forces (although the
Page 387 and 388: areas. EDs are treated as their own
Page 389 and 390: Methodology. NIS is a nationwide te
Page 391 and 392: National Notifiable Diseases Survei
Page 393 and 394: interviewing (ACASI), are used to p
Page 395 and 396: Coverage. Data presented in Health,
Page 397 and 398: Heron M, Hoyert DL, Murphy SL, et a
Page 399 and 400: specified rules for the collection,
Page 401 and 402: Quality Improvement Evaluation Syst
Page 403 and 404: information on treatment and payer
Page 405 and 406: Reference American Dental Associati
Page 407 and 408: For More Information. See The Guttm
Page 409 and 410: Table I. United States projected ye
Page 411 and 412: males and black females in 1950 are
Page 413 and 414: hypertension. Those with uncontroll
Page 415 and 416: Table IV. Cause-of-death codes, by
Page 417 and 418: High Blood Cholesterol in Adults (A
Page 419 and 420: Table V. Comparability of selected
Page 421 and 422: Dental caries was identified by an
Page 423 and 424: For more information on prescriptio
Page 425 and 426: public-use data release. NCHS. 2014
Page 427 and 428: Figure I. U.S. Census Bureau: Four
Page 429 and 430: with only Indian Health Service (IH
Page 431 and 432: Table VII. Percentage of persons un
Page 433 and 434: analytic purposes. See: NAACCR guid
Page 435 and 436: cause of death in ICD-9. The asteri
Page 437: Table IX. Codes for external causes
Page 441 and 442: for Healthcare Research and Quality
Page 443 and 444: Affordable Care Act Provides Eligib
Page 445 and 446: Micropolitan statistical area—The
Page 447 and 448: In 2000 and 2003, women were asked
Page 449 and 450: see Appendix I, Population Census a
Page 451 and 452: Table XII. Codes for procedure cate
Page 453 and 454: Table XIV. Private health care cove
Page 455 and 456: the extent that race and Hispanic o
Page 457 and 458: Perinatal mortality rates and ratio
Page 459 and 460: coverage are considered uninsured.
Page 461 and 462: Index
Page 463 and 464: A—Con. Table/Figure (F) Asian or
Page 465 and 466: D Table/Figure (F) Deaths, death ra
Page 467 and 468: H—Con. Table/Figure (F) Hispanic
Page 469 and 470: M—Con. Table/Figure (F) Metropoli
Page 471 and 472: S Table/Figure (F) Salmonellosis, s
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