Digitalisation of the economy and its impact on labour markets —

Christophe Degryse
2.8 France
Usines du futur
http://www.lesusinesdufutur.com/fr/home/homepage.jsp
‘Transformation numérique et vie au travail’
Mettling report for <strong>the</strong> attention <strong>of</strong> Mme Myriam El Khomri, Minister <strong>of</strong> labour,
employment, vocational training <strong>and</strong> social dialogue
http://www.ladocumentationfrancaise.fr/var/storage/rapportspublics/154000646.pdf
Smart industrie
http://smart-industries.fr/fr/
TURI research on digital <strong>economy</strong>: IRES (Contact: Odile Chagny, odile.Chagny@ires.fr)
Ires launched, in <strong>the</strong> Spring <strong>of</strong> 2015 <strong>and</strong> in partnership with ASTREES, an initiative
relating to <strong>the</strong> sharing <strong>economy</strong>. The initiative is entitled ‘Sharers & Workers’. We have
a twitter account, <strong>and</strong> are in <strong>the</strong> course <strong>of</strong> finalizing a small website. The initiative
consists in a network <strong>of</strong> (mainly) French think-tanks or actors engaged ei<strong>the</strong>r in <strong>the</strong>
digital <strong>and</strong> sharing <strong>economy</strong>, <strong>and</strong>/or in social dialogue <strong>and</strong> trade unions : ASTREES,
Ires, OUISHARE, FING, Cap Digital, Sémaphores, Institut de l'Iconomie. The main idea
underpinning <strong>the</strong> project is to enable three relatively different ‘populations’ (researchers,
trade union members, collaborative <strong>economy</strong> players) to discuss <strong>and</strong> contrast <strong>the</strong>ir points
<strong>of</strong> view relating to <strong>the</strong> labour transformations associated with <strong>the</strong>se new business
models. A first participatory event will be held on 14 January in Bagnolet (close to Paris).
In France, digitalisation issues have been subject to considerable analysis <strong>and</strong>
reflection by <strong>the</strong> trade unions, principally as from early 2015. What speeded
up this process here too was a government initiative, somewhat less energetic
than in Germany but which, even so, represents a starting point. In March
2015, <strong>the</strong> minister <strong>of</strong> labour, employment, vocational training <strong>and</strong> social
dialogue (François Rebsamen, since replaced by Myriam El Khomri) asked
Bruno Mettling, deputy director general <strong>of</strong> human resources at Orange, to
examine <strong>the</strong> question <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> effect <strong>of</strong> digital change on labour. A series <strong>of</strong>
reports had already been commissioned by <strong>the</strong> government on various aspects
<strong>of</strong> digitalisation (taxation, education, training, etc.) but this was <strong>the</strong> first time
that <strong>the</strong> question <strong>of</strong> labour was targetted specifically.
Work on drafting <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> ‘Mettling report’ took place throughout 2015 <strong>and</strong> was
structured around a group <strong>of</strong> experts that included five trade union <strong>and</strong>
employer representatives (CFDT, CFE/CGC, CGT, FO, <strong>and</strong> <strong>the</strong> director general
<strong>of</strong> MEDEF) toge<strong>the</strong>r with labour law experts <strong>and</strong> sociologists.
The report identifies, in particular, six forms <strong>of</strong> <strong>impact</strong> <strong>of</strong> this digital change
(Mettling 2015):
62 WP 2016.02