[Edited_by_A._Ciancio,_C.N.R.,_Bari,_Italy_and_K.(Bookos.org)

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CONTENTS xi 5.3. Defense Genes in Plants ..................................................................... 199 5.4. Tri-Trophic Plant Signalling .............................................................. 201 Conclusions ................................................................................................... 203 References ..................................................................................................... 205 9 IPM of the Red Palm Weevil, Rhynchophorus ferrugineus ...................... 209 Mohamed Samir Tawfik Abbas 1. Introduction ............................................................................................... 209 2. Habitat, Infestation <strong>and</strong> Damage ............................................................... 210 2.1. Infestation Spreading.......................................................................... 210 3. Biology ...................................................................................................... 211 3.1. Morphological Characters .................................................................. 211 3.2. Life Cycle ........................................................................................... 211 3.2.1. Oviposition ............................................................................... 211 3.2.2. Feeding ..................................................................................... 212 3.2.3. Locomotion .............................................................................. 214 4. Natural Enemies ........................................................................................ 214 4.1. Parasitoids .......................................................................................... 214 4.2. Predators ............................................................................................. 215 4.3. Pathogens ........................................................................................... 215 4.4. Nematodes .......................................................................................... 216 5. Control ....................................................................................................... 216 5.1. Chemicals ........................................................................................... 216 5.1.1. Spraying.................................................................................... 216 5.1.2. Injection .................................................................................... 217 5.2. Aggregation Pheromone Traps ........................................................... 218 5.2.1. Trap Design <strong>and</strong> Components .................................................. 218 5.2.2. Trap Installation ....................................................................... 219 5.2.3. Density of Traps ....................................................................... 219 5.2.4. Utilization of Pheromone Traps ............................................... 220 5.2.4.1. Traps Efficiency .......................................................... 220 5.2.4.2. Estimating RPW Population Fluctuations ................... 222 5.2.4.3. Estimating Reduction of RPW Populations ................. 222 5.2.4.4. Estimating Sex Ratios ................................................. 223 5.3. Entomopathogenic Nematodes .......................................................... 224 5.3.1. Pathogenicity to RPW .............................................................. 224 5.3.2. Field trials ................................................................................. 226 5.3.3.1. Injection of Nematodes ............................................... 226 5.3.3.2. Spraying Nematodes .................................................... 227 Trunk Spraying ........................................................... 227 5.4. Soil Treatments .................................................................................. 228 5.5. Semi-Field Trials ................................................................................. 229 References ..................................................................................................... 230
Page 2: Integrated Management of Arthropod
Page 6: Integrated Management of Arthropod
Page 10: PREFACE This is the last volume of
Page 16: viii CONTENTS 2.3.3. Chemical Contr
Page 20: x CONTENTS 3.4. Wildlife Benefits .
Page 26: CONTENTS xiii 3.3. Life Style Types
Page 32: xvi CONTRIBUTORS Department of Rene
Page 36: xviii O BITUARY N OTICE ecology and
Page 42: 1 CITRUS PEST MANAGEMENT IN THE NOR
Page 46: CITRUS PEST MANAGEMENT IN THE MEDIT
Page 54: Table 2 continued CITRUS PEST MANAG
Page 58: Table 2 continued CITRUS PEST MANAG
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CITRUS PEST MANAGEMENT IN THE MEDIT
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2.3. Chemical Control CITRUS PEST M
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30 F. KARAMAOUNA ET AL. (Ashmead) (
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32 F. KARAMAOUNA ET AL. Michelakis,
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34 F. KARAMAOUNA ET AL. medfly in t
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36 F. KARAMAOUNA ET AL. cypermethri
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38 F. KARAMAOUNA ET AL. predator pr
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40 F. KARAMAOUNA ET AL. 2.3. Whitef
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42 F. KARAMAOUNA ET AL. 2.4. The Ci
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44 F. KARAMAOUNA ET AL. Alexandraki
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46 F. KARAMAOUNA ET AL. 2.5.1. Samp
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48 F. KARAMAOUNA ET AL. cultural pr
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50 F. KARAMAOUNA ET AL. However, es
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52 F. KARAMAOUNA ET AL.
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54 F. KARAMAOUNA ET AL. Baker, G. J
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56 F. KARAMAOUNA ET AL. Kavallierat
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58 F. KARAMAOUNA ET AL. Papanikolao
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3 BIOLOGICAL CONTROL IN CITRUS IN S
Page 158:
CLASSICAL AND CONSERVATION BIOCONTR
Page 162:
Page 166:
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4 CITRUS INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT
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CITRUS PEST MANAGEMENT IN ITALY 75
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5 ENTOMOPATHOGENIC NEMATODE ECOLOGY
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IPM THROUGH ENTOMOPARASITES 103 and
Page 242:
IPM THROUGH ENTOMOPARASITES 105 pre
Page 246:
IPM THROUGH ENTOMOPARASITES 107 pro
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IPM THROUGH ENTOMOPARASITES 109 The
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IPM THROUGH ENTOMOPARASITES 111 rel
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IPM THROUGH ENTOMOPARASITES 113 In
Page 262:
IPM THROUGH ENTOMOPARASITES 115 Fig
Page 266:
IPM THROUGH ENTOMOPARASITES 117 Sta
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IPM THROUGH ENTOMOPARASITES 119 Onc
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IPM THROUGH ENTOMOPARASITES 121
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IPM THROUGH ENTOMOPARASITES 123 CON
Page 282:
IPM THROUGH ENTOMOPARASITES 125 Dun
Page 286:
IPM THROUGH ENTOMOPARASITES 127 Klo
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IPM THROUGH ENTOMOPARASITES 129 Sch
Page 294:
Section 2 ADVANCED IPM TECHNOLOGIES
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134 J.D. DUTCHER ET AL. managers. T
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136 J.D. DUTCHER ET AL. own crop as
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138 J.D. DUTCHER ET AL. replacement
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140 J.D. DUTCHER ET AL. (for weevil
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142 J.D. DUTCHER ET AL. demonstrate
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144 J.D. DUTCHER ET AL. crop. Densi
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146 J.D. DUTCHER ET AL. without wee
Page 326:
148 J.D. DUTCHER ET AL. Clover and
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150 J.D. DUTCHER ET AL. Soil organi
Page 334:
152 J.D. DUTCHER ET AL. Many southe
Page 338:
154 J.D. DUTCHER ET AL. Secondary p
Page 342:
156 J.D. DUTCHER ET AL. are attract
Page 346:
158 J.D. DUTCHER ET AL. Dutcher, J.
Page 350:
160 J.D. DUTCHER ET AL. Pena, J. G.
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162 J.D. DUTCHER ET AL. Wood, B., T
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164 A.V. LATCHININSKY & R. SIVANPIL
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190 FARHA-REHMAN ET AL. and composi
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192 FARHA-REHMAN ET AL. they are by
Page 418:
194 FARHA-REHMAN ET AL. plant defen
Page 422:
196 FARHA-REHMAN ET AL. tobacco pla
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198 FARHA-REHMAN ET AL. Simonetti,
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200 FARHA-REHMAN ET AL. pathway for
Page 434:
202 FARHA-REHMAN ET AL. Thaler, Far
Page 438:
204 FARHA-REHMAN ET AL. whereas on
Page 442:
206 FARHA-REHMAN ET AL. Dicke, M.,
Page 446:
208 FARHA-REHMAN ET AL. Van Poecke,
Page 450:
210 M.S.T. ABBAS The high rate of s
Page 454:
212 M.S.T. ABBAS rhinoceros but it
Page 458:
214 M.S.T. ABBAS 3.2.3. Locomotion
Page 462:
216 M.S.T. ABBAS was found to be pa
Page 466:
218 M.S.T. ABBAS sealed with moiste
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220 M.S.T. ABBAS (Anonymous, 2001).
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222 M.S.T. ABBAS marked weevils wer
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224 M.S.T. ABBAS from that of males
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226 M.S.T. ABBAS those 3 isolates,
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228 M.S.T. ABBAS and wire screen. T
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230 M.S.T. ABBAS while H. bacteriop
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232 M.S.T. ABBAS Georgis, R. (1990)
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10 CONTROL OF URTICATING LEPIDOPTER
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AERIAL BT TREATMENTS 237 The main s
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AERIAL BT TREATMENTS 239 skin injec
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AERIAL BT TREATMENTS 241 Africa, or
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AERIAL BT TREATMENTS 243 Further la
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AERIAL BT TREATMENTS 245 Martin, J.
Page 522:
Section 3 MITES BIOLOGICAL CONTROL
Page 526:
250 L.P.S. VAN DER GEEST reproducti
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252 L.P.S. VAN DER GEEST midgut of
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254 L.P.S. VAN DER GEEST glands (On
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256 L.P.S. VAN DER GEEST related to
Page 542:
258 L.P.S. VAN DER GEEST obligate i
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260 L.P.S. VAN DER GEEST Eotetranyc
Page 550:
262 L.P.S. VAN DER GEEST number, st
Page 554:
264 L.P.S. VAN DER GEEST The presen
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266 L.P.S. VAN DER GEEST Table 2 Co
Page 562:
268 L.P.S. VAN DER GEEST twospotted
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270 L.P.S. VAN DER GEEST that the f
Page 570:
272 L.P.S. VAN DER GEEST the surviv
Page 574:
274 L.P.S. VAN DER GEEST Table 3. H
Page 578:
Page 582:
278 L.P.S. VAN DER GEEST death of t
Page 586:
280 L.P.S. VAN DER GEEST Several at
Page 590:
282 L.P.S. VAN DER GEEST Figure 9.
Page 594:
284 L.P.S. VAN DER GEEST of whitefl
Page 598:
286 L.P.S. VAN DER GEEST fusion of
Page 602:
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290 L.P.S. VAN DER GEEST The phylum
Page 610:
292 L.P.S. VAN DER GEEST 75% after
Page 614:
294 L.P.S. VAN DER GEEST life span,
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296 L.P.S. VAN DER GEEST identifica
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298 L.P.S. VAN DER GEEST From the o
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300 L.P.S. VAN DER GEEST measures a
Page 630:
302 L.P.S. VAN DER GEEST Chen, Y.,
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304 L.P.S. VAN DER GEEST James, D.
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306 L.P.S. VAN DER GEEST Oduor, G.
Page 642:
308 L.P.S. VAN DER GEEST Speare, A.
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12 IPM STRATEGIES THROUGH SPECIALIS
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PREDATORY MITES IN IPM 313 Among na
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PREDATORY MITES IN IPM 315 antagoni
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PREDATORY MITES IN IPM 317 of sex a
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PREDATORY MITES IN IPM 319 Table 2
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PREDATORY MITES IN IPM 321 effect w
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PREDATORY MITES IN IPM 323 Castagno
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PREDATORY MITES IN IPM 325 Schausbe
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328 INDEX 237, 238, 241, 268, 269,
Page 682:
330 INDEX Asaphes vulgaris, 46 Asap
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332 INDEX Btk spore, 243 Btk, 240-2
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334 INDEX Citrus aurantifolia, 3 Ci
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336 INDEX 254, 255, 267-269, 292, 2
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338 INDEX Dodine, 141, 142 Dorsal d
Page 702:
340 INDEX Eulophidae, 20, 38, 43, 4
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342 INDEX 216, 249, 250, 260, 261,
Page 710:
344 INDEX Hibernation, 47 Hickory s
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346 INDEX Iphiseius (Amblyseius) de
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348 INDEX Louisiana, 82 Lufenuron,
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350 INDEX Moisture, 146-148, 150, 1
Page 726:
352 INDEX Nymphal distribution, 164
Page 730:
354 INDEX Pecan trees, 134, 136, 14
Page 734:
356 INDEX Pnigalio agraules, 85 Pni
Page 738:
358 INDEX Regression model, 271 Reg
Page 742:
360 INDEX Sethoxydim, 137, 144, 152
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362 INDEX Sunlight, 39, 90, 167, 25
Page 750:
364 INDEX Trichlorfon, 21, 22, 24,
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366 INDEX Winter, 32, 51, 237, 241
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