On the Spectrum

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Brain structure and internalizing problems Surface-based vertex-wise cortical analyses with internalizing broadband scale score resulted in no clusters when adjusted for a child’s sex, age, and externalizing broadband scores. Figure 2 illustrates the results of surface-based vertex-wise cortical analyses with the empirically defined internalizing problems class adjusted for sex, age, and dummy-coded problem classes (children with no problems were the reference). Children with internalizing problems had thinner cortex in several brain areas in the right hemisphere including inferior frontal (pars orbitalis), middle frontal/precentral, occipital/cuneus, and temporal cortices when compared to children with no problems. Further adjustment for confounders and total brain volume did not change the results (Table 3). As children in the internalizing class have some degree of externalizing problems, which may not fully be captured by adjusting for the externalizing class dummy variable, we reran these analyses additionally adjusted for CBCL/1½–5 externalizing broadband scores. As presented in Supplementary Figure 1, we found thinner cortex in clusters which largely overlapped with those of the main analysis, including temporal lobe and inferior frontal gyrus (pars opercularis/triangularis). Analysis with the CBCL/1½–5 borderline cut-off (based on the Dutch norm population) revealed no significant association with brain volumetric measures or cortical thickness. There was no significant sex interaction (p for interaction >0.05); however stratified analyses for sex revealed that girls with internalizing problems had smaller right and left amygdala volumes than girls with no problems (B=-79.1, 95%CI: -162.3, 4.2, p=0.06 and B=- 66.5, 95%CI: -132.0, -1.1, p=0.05, respectively). There was no association between amygdala volume and the internalizing class of behavior in boys. Figure 2 Cortical thickness and Internalizing Problems at 6 years 7 Internalizing problems were defined using a latent profile analysis performed on all Child Behavior Checklist/1½–5 syndrome scales(Basten, Althoff et al. 2013) Clusters: (1) Temporal, (2) Inferior frontal cortex (Pars Orbitalis) (3) Middle Frontal/Precentral (4) Occipital/Cuneus (5) Anterior Temporal. RH: Right Hemisphere 175
Chapter 7 Table 3 Cortical thickness and Internalizing Problems at 6 years (n=794). Internalizing problem class vs. no problems Model 1 Model 2 Model 3 Hemisphere and Region Right Hemisphere Temporal Inferior frontal cortex (Pars Orbitalis) Middle Frontal/Precentral Occipital/Cuneus Anterior Temporal B (95%CI) P value -0.130 (-0.169, -0.090)
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On the Spectrum the neurobiology of
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ISBN: 978-94-6233-336-9 © Laura Bl
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PROMOTIECOMMISSIE Promotoren Overig
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MANUSCRIPTS THAT FORM THE BASIS OF
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Chapter 1 10
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Chapter 1 Cuthbert, Garvey, Heinsse
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Chapter 1 folding of the brain into
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Chapter 1 beneficial for treatment
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Chapter 1 REFERENCES Achenbach, T.
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Chapter 1 Sonuga-Barke, E. J. S.
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IPart I: The neurobiology of autist
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Chapter 2 ABSTRACT Objective: Recen
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Chapter 2 Hardan 2010) and right pa
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Chapter 2 Statistical analysis To i
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Chapter 2 Gyrification Six regions
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Chapter 2 The association remained
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Chapter 2 Table 4. Autistic traits
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Chapter 2 While we found widespread
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Chapter 2 REFERENCES Amaral, D. G.,
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Chapter 2 Wallace, G. L., P. Shaw,
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Chapter 2 South-West of the Netherl
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Chapter 2 Supplementary Figure 1. F
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Chapter 2 Supplementary Figure 3. G
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Chapter 2 Supplementary Figure 5. C
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Chapter 2 Supplementary Table 1. No
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Chapter 2 Supplementary Table 3. Ca
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3 A Prospective Study of Fetal Head
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A Prospective Study of Fetal Head G
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Chapter 4 ABSTRACT Background: Auti
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Chapter 4 An important trend concep
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Chapter 4 the 18-item abbreviated v
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Chapter 4 data were aligned into a
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Chapter 4 Autistic traits and white
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Chapter 4 Table 4. TBSS: autistic t
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Chapter 4 of group differences rela
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Chapter 4 Cook, P. A., Y. Bai, S. N
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Chapter 4 White, T., H. El Marroun,
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5 From Chronnectivity To Chronnecto
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From Chronnectivity To Chronnectopa
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Page 167 and 168: Chapter 7 ABSTRACT Objectives: In c
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Page 207 and 208: Chapter 8 REFERENCES Abrahams, B. S
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Addendum Mous SE, Schoemaker NK, Bl
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Addendum Zoeken in andere databases
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Addendum School of Women’s and In
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Addendum Graag wil ik Dr. Marion Sm
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Addendum hebben. Dank in het bijzon
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On the Spectrum

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