On the Spectrum

Chapter 3
Table 1. Participant characteristics.
Child characteristics
Generation R Raine
n=5,433 n=1,186
Gender (% boy) 49.9 Gender (% boy) 52.1
Ethnicity (%) Ethnicity (%)
Dutch 65.2 Caucasian 91.9
Other Western 9.3 Asian 5.2
Non-Western 25.5 Aboriginal/Pacific Islander 2.9
Social Responsiveness Scale Autism Quotient
Weighted total score, mean (SD) 0.23 (0.25) Weighted total score, mean (SD) 1.44 (0.09)
Age at Social Responsiveness Scale (years), mean (SD) 6.17 (0.49) Age at Autism Quotient (years), mean (SD) 19.78 (0.73)
Number of ultrasounds (%) Number of ultrasounds (%)
one 12.7 one 37.7
two 27.0 two 24.5
three 56.9 three 37.8
Maternal characteristics
Generation R Raine
Age during pregnancy (years), mean (SD) 31.1 (4.6) Age during pregnancy (years), mean (SD) 29.1 (5.6)
Education level (%) Education level (%)
High 61.3 None 43.3
Medium 28.3 Trade certificate 7.6
Low 10.4 Professional registration 12.1
College diploma/degree 18.0
University degree 13.2
other 5.6
Alcohol in pregnancy (%) Alcohol in pregnancy (%)
Never 38.3 Zero 59.6
Until pregnancy was known 14.0 Once a week or less 35.4
Continued occasionally 37.5 Several times a week or more 5.1
Continued frequently 10.2
Smoking in pregnancy (%) Smoking in pregnancy (%)
Never 79.2 Zero 81.0
Until pregnancy was known 7.6 1-10 cigarettes 9.4
Continued 13.2 11+ cigarettes 9.5
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