Abdal Hakim Murad - The Cambridge Companion to Islamic Theology

The social construction of orthodoxy 117
al-Zarnujı, Burhan al-Dın, Instruction of the Student: The Method of Learning,
tr. G. E. von Grunebaum and Theodora M. Abel, 2nd revised edn (Chicago,
2001).
Notes
I would like to thank Dr Aron Zysow for his helpful comments on a draft of
this chapter.
1. See, for example, Ignaz Goldziher, Muslim Studies, ed. S. M. Stern, tr.
C. R. Barber and S. M. Stern (London, 1967–71).
2. Omaima Abu Bakr, ‘‘Teaching the Words of the Prophet: Women
Instructors of the Hadith (Fourteenth and Fifteenth Centuries),’’ Hawwa
1/3 (2003), pp. 306–28.
3. There were also state-funded institutions, such as the Isma‘ılı Dar
al-H _
ikma in eleventh-century Cairo.
4. For an explanation of the differences between these terms, see Leonor E.
Fernandes, The Evolution of a Sufi Institution in Mamluk Egypt: The
Khanqah (Berlin, 1988), ch. 3.
5. Kullu mujtahid mus _
ıb; see Josef van Ess, The Flowering of Muslim
Theology, tr. Jane Marie Todd (Cambridge, MA, 2006), p. 20.
6. Shams al-Dın al-Dhahabı, Siyar a‘lam al-nubala’, ed. Shu‘ayb al-Arna’ut _
and Muh _
ammad al-‘Arqasusı (Beirut,1413/1992), x, p. 28.
7. Sherman A. Jackson, On the Boundaries of Theological Tolerance in
Islam: Abu H _
amid al-Ghazalı’s Fays _
al al-Tafriqa bayna al-Islam wa’lzandaqa
(Karachi, 2002).
8. Abu H _
amid al-Ghazalı, H _
aqıqat al-qawlayn (MS, Princeton University,
Yahuda 4358, fols.3b–4a).
9. Roy P. Mottahedeh, The Mantle of the Prophet: Religion and Politics in
Iran (New York, 1985).
10. Van Ess, Theologie und Gesellschaft, iv.
11. See, for example, Richard W. Bulliet, The Patricians of Nishapur: A
Study in Medieval Islamic Social History (Cambridge, MA, 1972); and
Ira M. Lapidus, Muslim Cities in the Later Middle Ages (Cambridge and
New York, 1984).
12. Christopher Schurman Taylor, In the Vicinity of the Righteous: Ziyara
and the Veneration of Muslim Saints in Late Medieval Egypt (Boston,
1999).
13. Ahmet T. Karamustafa, God’s Unruly Friends: Dervish Groups in the
Islamic Later Middle Period, 1200–1550 (Salt Lake City, 1994).
14. See, for example, Esther Peskes, Muh _
ammad b. ‘Abdalwahhab
(1703–92) im Widerstreit: Untersuchungen zur Rekonstruktion der
Frühgeschichte der Wahhabıya (Beirut, 1993).
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