327 - 11th Botany Textbook Volume 1

are dithecous, basifixed, introse and
dechiscing by longitudinal slits.
Gynoecium: Monocarpellary, unilocular,
with many ovules on mariginal
placentation, ovary superior, style simple
and incurved with feathery stigma.
Fruit: Legume
Seed: Non-endospermous, reniform.
Floral Formula: Dt0.Dtn0.'.""."M *7+
.E 7
.C *;+-3
.I 3
Botanical description of Pisum sativum
(Pea Plant)
Habit: Cultivated herb, becoming shrubby.
Root: Branched tap root system,
nodulated due to the presence of
nitrogen fixing bacteria (Rhizobium
leguminosorum).
Stem: Erect and climbing, one to three
feet high, young stem densely pubescent,
somewhat angular, herbaceous, green and
branched.
Leaves: Alternate, petiolate, stipulate,
stipules ¼ to ½ inch long attached near
the base, compound (trifoliate), leaflets
dark green, entire, acuminate, pubescent
on both the sides, reticulate venation.
Inflorescence: Clustered axillary
racemes.
Flower: Bracteate (small
and deciduous), bracteolate
(usually persistent), pedicellate,
heterochlamydeous, complete, bisexual,
pentamerous, zygomorphic and
hypogynous.
Calyx: Sepals 5, green synsepalous,
companulate, showing valvate aestivation.
Odd sepal is anterior in position.
Corolla: Petals 5, apopetalous,
irregular papillionaceous, consisting of
a posterior standard, two lateral wings,
two anterior ones forming a keel which
encloses stamen and pistil, vexillary /
descendingly imbricate aestivation.
Androecium: Stamens 10, diadelphous
(9)+1 nine stamens fused to form a bundle
and the tenth one is posterior and free.
Anthers dithecous, basifixed, introse and
dehisce longitudinally.
Gynoecium: Monocarpellary, ovary
superior, unilocular, with many ovules on
marginal placentation, style simple and
curved, stigma capitate.
Fruit: Legume
Seed: non-endospermous with thick
cotyledons.
Floral Formula: Dt0.Dtn0.'.""."M *7+
.E 7
.C *;+-3
.I 3
Arachis hypogea
Crotalaria verrucosa
Indigofera tinctoria Aeschynomene aspera
Figure 5.14: Selected plants belongs to
the Family Fabaceae
189