327 - 11th Botany Textbook Volume 1

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30 Ceiba pentandra Red silk cotton செவ்விலவ மரம்31 Centella asiatica Indian penny wort வலலோசர32 Chrysanthemum indicum Chrysanthemum சாமந்தி33 Cinnamomum zeylanicum Cinnamon படசட34 Cocos nucifera Coconut தென்னை35 Coffea arabica Coffee plant ்கோஃபி தாவரம்36 Colocasia esculenta Cocoyam சேனைக் கிைஙகு37 Coriandrum sativum. Coriander வ்கோத்துமலலி38 Corypha umbraculifera Talipot palm தாழிபபசன39 Couroupita guianensis Cannonball tree ோ்கலிங்கமரம்40 Crotalaria retusa Rattle weed கிலுகிலுபசப41 Cucumis sativus Cucumber வெளளரி42 Curcuma amada Mango ginger மா இஞசி43 Cuscuta reflexa Dodder plant அம்மையோர கூந்தல44 Daucus carota Carrot ்கோரட45 Delonix regia Gulmohar,flame tree. செம்மயிறவ்கோன்சற.46 Dioscorea bulbifera Potato yam வ்கோடிக்கிைஙகு47 Dolichos biflorus Horsegram வ்கோளளு48 Eugenia jambolana Jamun நாவல49 Ficus benghalensis Banyan. ஆலமரம்50 Ficus carica Common fig சீமை அத்தி51 Ficus racemosa Indian fig அத்தி52 Ficus religiosa Peepal. அரச மரம்53 Gloriosa superba Malabar glory lilly செங்கோந்தள54 Gossypium herbaceum Cotton பருத்தி55 Hibiscus rosa-sinensis Shoe flower, China rose. செம்பருத்தி56 Hiptage benghalensis Clustered hiptage மாதவிக்வ்கோடி57 Hordeum vulgare. Barley போரலி58 Jasminum officinale Jasmine மலலிச்க59 Mangifera indica Mango மா60 Mimosa pudica Touch me not plant வதோடடோறசுருஙகி61 Mitrogyna parvifolia Kadamb ்கடம்பு62 Moringa oleifera Drumstick முருங்கை63 Murraya koenigii Curry leaf ்கறிவேப்பிலை318
64 Musa paradisiaca Banana வாழை65 Nelumbo nucifera Indian lotus தாமரை66 Neolamarckia cadamba Ven Kadambu வவண்்கடம்ப மரம்67 Nerium oleander Oleander அரளி68 Numphaea rubra Red Water lilly வைவ்வலலி69 Nymphaea nouchali Blue water lilly நீல ஆம்பல70 Nymphaea pubescens White water lilly வெளசள அலலி,வய்தல71 Ocimum sanctum Tulsi துளசி72 Ocimum tenuiflorum Tulsi ்கருந்துளசி73 Oryza sativa Paddy, Rice வல74 Phaseolus vulgaris. Beans பீன்ஸ்75 Physalis angulata Balloon cherry வைோடக்குத்தக்்கோளி76 Piper nigrum Pepper மிளகு77 Prosopis juliflora Honey mesquite சீசமக்்கருவேலம்78 Raphanus sativus Radish முளளஙகி79 Saraca indica Ashoka அநைோ்க மரம்80 Solanum nigrum Black night shade மணித்தக்்கோளி81 Solanum lycopersicum Tomato தக்்கோளி82 Solanum melongena Brinjal ்கத்திரி83 Solanum tuberosum Potato உருளை84 Sorghum bicolor Sorghum நைோளம்85 Theobroma cacao Cocoa tree வ்கோக்ந்கோ மரம்86 Triticum aestivum Wheat ந்கோதுமை87 Vitis vinifera Grapes திராடசை88 Zea mays Maize, corn மக்்கோச்சோளம்89 Zingiber officinale Ginger இஞசி90 Zizyphus jujuba Jujube இலந்தை319
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GOVERNMENT OF TAMIL NADUBOTANYHIGHE
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CONTENTSBOTANYUNIT I: Diversity of
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TNAU B.Sc. Agriculture, B.Sc. Horti
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Research Institutions in various ar
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Chapter1Unit I: Diversity ofLiving
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(a)Nucleus(b)to change is called Ho
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1892 Dimitry Ivanowsky proved thatv
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1.2.6 BacteriophageViruses infectin
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are similar to viroids but they are
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Table 1.4: Systems of Classificatio
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Table 1.5: Comparison of Five Kingd
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CoccusDiplococcusStaphylococcusTetr
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MesosomesThese are localized infold
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What are Magnetosomes ?Intracellula
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with the help of pili. The pilus gr
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Table 1.7: Economic importance of B
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Table 1.10: Human diseases caused b
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• The reserve food material isCya
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logos - study). P.A. Micheli is con
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TrichogyneMicroconidia(f) Sporangia
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Zygomycetes• Most of the species
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fungi, stink horns, rusts and smuts
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like Amylase, Protease, Lactase etc
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and multinucleate structures which
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Figure 1.29: V.S. of Agaricus gillb
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evenly distributed in the thallus)
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6. Differentiate Homoiomerous andHe
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Chapter2Plant KingdomLearning Objec
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2.2 Life Cycle Patterns in PlantsAl
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FlagellaChloroplastOogoniumAntherid
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Autospores (spores which look simil
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r-phycocyanin are the photosyntheti
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ReproductionOedogonium reproduces b
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cells are elongated and possesses a
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• Sexual reproduction is Oogamous
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GametophyteThe plant body of Marcha
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The sporophyte is not free-living b
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4. Development of Bulbils on the rh
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2.5 PteridophytesSeedless Vascular
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Division-PTERIDOPHYTASub divisionPs
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but it is viewed to be associated w
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microsporangium and megaspores inme
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The epidermis is the outermost laye
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1. Protostele:In protostele phloem
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a) Cycas b) Thuja c) Taxus d) Ginkg
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2.6.4 CycasClass - CycadopsidaOrder
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of the rachis is the arrangement of
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consists of 3 layers, the outer and
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(ii) Dwarf shoot or branches of lim
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Figure 2.53b Pinus Pollen Grainc) A
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parts of the extinct plants are obt
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The sporangia with spores are found
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ICT CornerDifferent forms of plants
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3.1 HabitThe general form of a plan
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I. Characteristic features• Root
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3.5.2 Modifications of rootI. Tap r
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3. Sucking or Haustorial rootsThese
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3.6.2 Types of StemMajority of angi
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CladodePhyllocladeSpineScaly leafRu
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4. TuberThis is a succulent undergr
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2. Palmately reticulate venation(mu
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AlternatePolyalthia4. Whorled (vert
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(a) (b) (c) (d) (e)Figure 3.16: Typ
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3. Plicate or plaited - when the le
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6. Draw and label the parts of regi
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Chapter4Reproductive MorphologyLear
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4.1.2 Based on branching pattern an
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f. Panicle: A branched raceme is ca
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Figure 4.6: (b) diagrammatic,(c) Mo
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4.2 FlowerIn a plant, which part wo
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Figure 4.13: (a)ActinomorphicFigure
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Figure 4.17: (a)TrimerousFigure 4.1
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Figure 4.21: (d)CampanulateFigure 4
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4.3.7 Aestivation: Arrangement of s
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c. Gynostegium:Connation product of
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4.4.7 Anther dehiscing directionIt
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CorollaAnthophoreCalyxSaffron flowe
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4.6 Construction of floral diagrama
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Br : Bracteate.Ebr : EbracteateBrl
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Berry (Tomato)Drupe (Mango)Pepo (Cu
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is free from seed coat. Example: Cl
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FruitsSimpleAggregateMultipleEtaeri
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4.8 SeedDo all fruits contain seeds
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ICT CornerFloral diagram and floral
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laid strong foundation for the bino
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Another concept emphasises the prod
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erecto folius compositis. It means
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Regional FloraIt includes large geo
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Botanical garden contains special p
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International HerbariumS.No Herbari
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Taxonomists have assigned a methodo
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Seed plantsClass IDicotyledonaeClas
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Figure 5.8: Adolph Engler and Karl
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Monocots are classified into 11 ord
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1. Easily visible characters like s
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the form of a tree called phylogene
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based on shared apomorphic characte
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Flowers: Bracteate, bracteolate(Ses
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are dithecous, basifixed, introse a
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Economic ImportanceEconomicimportan
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5.13.2 Family: Apocynaceae (milk we
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FlowerLeafFruitCorollaSepalCalyxL.S
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Economic importance of the family A
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5.13.3 Family: Solanaceae (Potato F
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LeafStamenCorollaStamenCorollaCalyx
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Habit: A small annual herbRoot: Bra
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5.13.4 Family: Euphorbiaceae (Casto
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Botanical Description Of Ricinus co
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Economic importance of the family E
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HeliconiaceaeSystematic PositionAPG
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LeafSpatheFlowerFruitBranchedspadix
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Economic Importance of The Family M
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in species of Smilax it is reticula
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Economic importance of the family l
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State Flower of Tamil NaduGloriosa
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as karyotaxonomy. The application o
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Chapter6Unit III: Cell biology andB
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microscopic organisms therefore it
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Microscopic measurements:The micros
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Comparison of MicroscopesFeaturesSo
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These solutes may be homogeneous(so
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of nuclear material. The DNA is wit
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The first cell might have evolvedap
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In plant, cell wall shows three dis
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Figure 6.13: Transport of molecules
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The largest of the internal membran
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time faster than DNA in the nucleus
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Ribosome consists of RNA andprotein
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v. Tannins in Mimosa pudica.vi. Rap
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secondary constrictions are called
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chromosome forms the chromosomal ax
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c. Smears: Here the specimen is in
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organisms are classified into proka
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ICT CornerCell structureCell-The un
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7.1 History of a CellTable 7.1: His
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Figure 7.1: Cell cyclethe cell cycl
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Drawbacks of Amitosis• Causes une
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Page 277 and 278: organs. It results in the formation
Page 279 and 280: Figure 7.8: MeiosisTelophase IIFour
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Page 283 and 284: ICT CornerCell divisionHow cells ar
Page 285 and 286: 222222BiomoleculesOrganic compounds
Page 287 and 288: 8.2 Primary and SecondaryMetabolite
Page 289 and 290: 8.3.2 DisaccharidesDisaccharides ar
Page 291 and 292: 8.3.8 ChitinChitin is a homo polysa
Page 293 and 294: linoleic acid) the hydrocarbon chai
Page 295 and 296: 8.5 ProteinsProteins are the most d
Page 297 and 298: 8.5.2 Structure of ProteinProtein i
Page 299 and 300: colour develops without heating (Fi
Page 301 and 302: 8.6.3 Factors Affecting the Rate of
Page 303 and 304: allosteric inhibitors. Eg. The enzy
Page 305 and 306: LyaseLigaseEnzymesMode ofactionBrea
Page 307 and 308: A characteristic feature that diffe
Page 309 and 310: Blue bands - Twosugar-phosphatechai
Page 311 and 312: Evaluation1. The most basic amino a
Page 313 and 314: ReferencesUnit 1: Diversity of Livi
Page 315 and 316: GlossaryAcetyl CoAActive siteAkinet
Page 317 and 318: English - Tamil TerminologyAcropeta
Page 319 and 320: Competitive Examination QuestionsUn
Page 321 and 322: 22. Which one of the following stat
Page 323 and 324: 18. How many plants in the list giv
Page 325: BOTANICAL NAMES AND COMMON NAMESS.N
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327 - 11th Botany Textbook Volume 1

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