327 - 11th Botany Textbook Volume 1

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11. Golgi complex plays a major role in.(2013 NEET)a. post translational modification ofproteins and glycosidation of lipidsb. translation of proteinsc. Transcription of proteinsd. Synthesis of lipid12. Main arena of various types of activitiesof a cell is (2010 AIPMT)a. Nucleus b. Mitochondriac. Cytoplasm d. Chloroplast13. The thylakoids in chloroplast arearranged in (2005 JIPMER)a. regular rings b. linear arrayc. diagonal direction d. stacked discs17. The main organelle involved inmodification and routing of newlysynthesised protein to their destinationsis (AIPMT 2005)a. Mitochondriab. Glyoxysomesc. Spherosomesd. Endoplasmic reticulum18. Algae have cell wall made up of (AIPMT2010)a. Cellulose, galactans and mannansb. Cellulose, chitin and glucanc. Cellulose, Mannan and peptidoglycand. Muramic acid and galactans14. Sequences of which of the followingis used to know the phylogeny (2002JIPMER)a. mRNA b. rRNA c. tRNA d. Hn RNA15. Structures between two adjacent cellswhich is an effective transport pathway-(2010 AIPMT)a. Plasmodesmatab. Middle lamellac. Secondary wall layerd. Primary wall layer16. In active transport carrier proteins areused, which use energy in the form ofATP toa. transport molecules againstconcentration gradient of cell wallb. transport molecules alongconcentration gradient of cellmembranec. transport molecules againstconcentration gradient of cellmembraned. transport molecules alongconcentration gradient of cell wall316
BOTANICAL NAMES AND COMMON NAMESS.No Botanical name Common name Tamil name1 Abrus precatorius Crab’s eye குன்றிமணி2 Acacia nilotica Babul tree ்கருவேலம்3 Acalypha indica Indian Acalypha குபசபநமனி4 Achyranthes aspera Chaff flower நாயுருவி5 Albizia lebbeck Indian siris வோச்க6 Allium cepa Onion வெங்காயம்7 Allium sativum Garlic வெளசளபபூண்டு8 Aloe vera Indian aloe நைோறறுக்்கறறோசை9 Alstonia scholaris Devilwood ஏழிலைபபோசல10 AmorphophallusElephant foot yam ்கருணைக் கிைஙகுpaeoniifolius11 Argemone mexicana Mexican poppy குடிநயோடடிப பூண்டு12 Areca catechu Betel nut பாக்கு / ்கமுகு13 Avicennia marina White mangrove வெளசளஅலையோறறி14 Azadirachta indica Neem வேம்பு15 Beta vulgaris Beetroot பீடருட16 Bombax ceiba White Silk cotton இலவம் பஞசு17 Bambosa bambos Bamboo மூஙகில18 Borassus flabellifer Palmyra palm பனை19 Bougainvillea Paper flower ்கோகிதபபூ20 Brassica juncea Mustard ்கடுகு21 Brassica oleracea var. Cauliflower்கோலிஃபிளவரbotrytis22 Brassica oleracea var. Cabbageமுடசடக்ந்கோசுcapitata23 Caesalpinia pulcherrima Peacock flower மயிறவ்கோன்சற24 Calotropis gigantea Giant milkweed எருக்கு25 Canna indica Canna ்கலவோசை26 Carica papaya Papaya பபபோளி27 Cassia auriculata Avaram ஆவாரை28 Cassia fistula Indian laburnum வ்கோன்சற29 Casuarina equisetifolia Whistling pine சவுக்கு317
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GOVERNMENT OF TAMIL NADUBOTANYHIGHE
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CONTENTSBOTANYUNIT I: Diversity of
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TNAU B.Sc. Agriculture, B.Sc. Horti
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Research Institutions in various ar
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Chapter1Unit I: Diversity ofLiving
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(a)Nucleus(b)to change is called Ho
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1892 Dimitry Ivanowsky proved thatv
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1.2.6 BacteriophageViruses infectin
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are similar to viroids but they are
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Table 1.4: Systems of Classificatio
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Table 1.5: Comparison of Five Kingd
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CoccusDiplococcusStaphylococcusTetr
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MesosomesThese are localized infold
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What are Magnetosomes ?Intracellula
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with the help of pili. The pilus gr
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Table 1.7: Economic importance of B
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Table 1.10: Human diseases caused b
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• The reserve food material isCya
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logos - study). P.A. Micheli is con
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TrichogyneMicroconidia(f) Sporangia
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Zygomycetes• Most of the species
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fungi, stink horns, rusts and smuts
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like Amylase, Protease, Lactase etc
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and multinucleate structures which
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Figure 1.29: V.S. of Agaricus gillb
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evenly distributed in the thallus)
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6. Differentiate Homoiomerous andHe
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Chapter2Plant KingdomLearning Objec
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2.2 Life Cycle Patterns in PlantsAl
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FlagellaChloroplastOogoniumAntherid
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Autospores (spores which look simil
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r-phycocyanin are the photosyntheti
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ReproductionOedogonium reproduces b
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cells are elongated and possesses a
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• Sexual reproduction is Oogamous
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GametophyteThe plant body of Marcha
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The sporophyte is not free-living b
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4. Development of Bulbils on the rh
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2.5 PteridophytesSeedless Vascular
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Division-PTERIDOPHYTASub divisionPs
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but it is viewed to be associated w
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microsporangium and megaspores inme
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The epidermis is the outermost laye
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1. Protostele:In protostele phloem
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a) Cycas b) Thuja c) Taxus d) Ginkg
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2.6.4 CycasClass - CycadopsidaOrder
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of the rachis is the arrangement of
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consists of 3 layers, the outer and
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(ii) Dwarf shoot or branches of lim
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Figure 2.53b Pinus Pollen Grainc) A
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parts of the extinct plants are obt
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The sporangia with spores are found
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ICT CornerDifferent forms of plants
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3.1 HabitThe general form of a plan
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I. Characteristic features• Root
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3.5.2 Modifications of rootI. Tap r
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3. Sucking or Haustorial rootsThese
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3.6.2 Types of StemMajority of angi
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CladodePhyllocladeSpineScaly leafRu
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4. TuberThis is a succulent undergr
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2. Palmately reticulate venation(mu
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AlternatePolyalthia4. Whorled (vert
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(a) (b) (c) (d) (e)Figure 3.16: Typ
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3. Plicate or plaited - when the le
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6. Draw and label the parts of regi
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Chapter4Reproductive MorphologyLear
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4.1.2 Based on branching pattern an
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f. Panicle: A branched raceme is ca
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Figure 4.6: (b) diagrammatic,(c) Mo
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4.2 FlowerIn a plant, which part wo
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Figure 4.13: (a)ActinomorphicFigure
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Figure 4.17: (a)TrimerousFigure 4.1
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Figure 4.21: (d)CampanulateFigure 4
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4.3.7 Aestivation: Arrangement of s
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c. Gynostegium:Connation product of
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4.4.7 Anther dehiscing directionIt
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CorollaAnthophoreCalyxSaffron flowe
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4.6 Construction of floral diagrama
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Br : Bracteate.Ebr : EbracteateBrl
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Berry (Tomato)Drupe (Mango)Pepo (Cu
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is free from seed coat. Example: Cl
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FruitsSimpleAggregateMultipleEtaeri
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4.8 SeedDo all fruits contain seeds
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ICT CornerFloral diagram and floral
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laid strong foundation for the bino
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Another concept emphasises the prod
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erecto folius compositis. It means
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Regional FloraIt includes large geo
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Botanical garden contains special p
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International HerbariumS.No Herbari
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Taxonomists have assigned a methodo
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Seed plantsClass IDicotyledonaeClas
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Figure 5.8: Adolph Engler and Karl
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Monocots are classified into 11 ord
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1. Easily visible characters like s
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the form of a tree called phylogene
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based on shared apomorphic characte
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Flowers: Bracteate, bracteolate(Ses
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are dithecous, basifixed, introse a
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Economic ImportanceEconomicimportan
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5.13.2 Family: Apocynaceae (milk we
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FlowerLeafFruitCorollaSepalCalyxL.S
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Economic importance of the family A
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5.13.3 Family: Solanaceae (Potato F
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LeafStamenCorollaStamenCorollaCalyx
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Habit: A small annual herbRoot: Bra
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5.13.4 Family: Euphorbiaceae (Casto
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Botanical Description Of Ricinus co
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Economic importance of the family E
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HeliconiaceaeSystematic PositionAPG
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LeafSpatheFlowerFruitBranchedspadix
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Economic Importance of The Family M
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in species of Smilax it is reticula
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Economic importance of the family l
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State Flower of Tamil NaduGloriosa
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as karyotaxonomy. The application o
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Chapter6Unit III: Cell biology andB
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microscopic organisms therefore it
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Microscopic measurements:The micros
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Comparison of MicroscopesFeaturesSo
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These solutes may be homogeneous(so
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of nuclear material. The DNA is wit
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The first cell might have evolvedap
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In plant, cell wall shows three dis
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Figure 6.13: Transport of molecules
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The largest of the internal membran
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time faster than DNA in the nucleus
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Ribosome consists of RNA andprotein
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v. Tannins in Mimosa pudica.vi. Rap
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secondary constrictions are called
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chromosome forms the chromosomal ax
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c. Smears: Here the specimen is in
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organisms are classified into proka
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ICT CornerCell structureCell-The un
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7.1 History of a CellTable 7.1: His
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Figure 7.1: Cell cyclethe cell cycl
Page 273 and 274: Drawbacks of Amitosis• Causes une
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Page 277 and 278: organs. It results in the formation
Page 279 and 280: Figure 7.8: MeiosisTelophase IIFour
Page 281 and 282: Summary273
Page 283 and 284: ICT CornerCell divisionHow cells ar
Page 285 and 286: 222222BiomoleculesOrganic compounds
Page 287 and 288: 8.2 Primary and SecondaryMetabolite
Page 289 and 290: 8.3.2 DisaccharidesDisaccharides ar
Page 291 and 292: 8.3.8 ChitinChitin is a homo polysa
Page 293 and 294: linoleic acid) the hydrocarbon chai
Page 295 and 296: 8.5 ProteinsProteins are the most d
Page 297 and 298: 8.5.2 Structure of ProteinProtein i
Page 299 and 300: colour develops without heating (Fi
Page 301 and 302: 8.6.3 Factors Affecting the Rate of
Page 303 and 304: allosteric inhibitors. Eg. The enzy
Page 305 and 306: LyaseLigaseEnzymesMode ofactionBrea
Page 307 and 308: A characteristic feature that diffe
Page 309 and 310: Blue bands - Twosugar-phosphatechai
Page 311 and 312: Evaluation1. The most basic amino a
Page 313 and 314: ReferencesUnit 1: Diversity of Livi
Page 315 and 316: GlossaryAcetyl CoAActive siteAkinet
Page 317 and 318: English - Tamil TerminologyAcropeta
Page 319 and 320: Competitive Examination QuestionsUn
Page 321 and 322: 22. Which one of the following stat
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Page 327 and 328: 64 Musa paradisiaca Banana வா
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327 - 11th Botany Textbook Volume 1

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