Using a Music Therapy Collaborative Consultative Approach - World ...

5.3.3 Materials
Andy was assessed on his ability to accomplish the sequence of steps required for
each task. Each song used for each task was adapted to his skills, needs and learning goals.
The already pre-existing routines and songs used by the teachers within the classroom were
respected and integrated into the intervention. Therefore, a combination of transition and
multiple-step tasks, and familiar and novel songs were used.
The exact material used for this study was as follows: (1) three different transition
objects to initiate each multiple-step task; (2) a familiar, pre-composed song with
individualized lyrics for hand-washing; (3) an individually composed song for toilet training;
and (4) a familiar, pre-composed song for clean up. Each is described in greater detail
below.
(1) Transition objects. For hand-washing, a bottle of soap was used to cue Andy to
transition to the sink. Additionally, pictures showing seven steps of hand-washing, published
by the North Carolina Department of Human Resources, Division of Child Development
(Fanjul & Ball, 1995) were attached to the wall behind the sink. For toilet training, a diaper
was used to cue Andy to transition to go to the potty. For cleaning-up, the toy in use by
Andy functioned as a cue.
(2) Familiar, pre-composed song with individualized lyrics for hand-washing (Task
#1). The pre-composed song “Row your boat” (Traditional) was used for hand-washing,
because the duration of one verse matched the suggested time of 10 to 15 seconds necessary
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