General Chemistry Principles, Patterns, and Applications, 2011

3. Three binary compounds of vanadium and oxygen are known. The following table gives the masses of oxygen
that combine with 10.00 g of vanadium to form each compound.
Compound Mass of Oxygen (g)
A 4.71
B 6.27
C
a. Determine the ratio of the masses of oxygen that combine with 3.14 g of vanadium in
compounds A and B.
b. Predict the mass of oxygen that would combine with 3.14 g of vanadium to form the third
compound in the series.
4. Three compounds containing titanium, magnesium, and oxygen are known. The following table gives the
masses of titanium and magnesium that react with 5.00 g of oxygen to form each compound.
Compound Mass of Titanium (g) Mass of Magnesium (g)
A 4.99 2.53
B 3.74 3.80
C
a. Determine the ratios of the masses of titanium and magnesium that combine with 5.00 g
of oxygen in these compounds.
b. Predict the masses of titanium and magnesium that would combine with 5.00 g of oxygen
to form another possible compound in the series: C.
1.5 The Atom
L E A R N I N G O B JE C T I V E
1. To become familiar with the components and structure of the atom.
To date, about 115 different elements have been discovered; by definition, each is chemically unique. To understand
why they are unique, you need to understand the structure of the atom (the fundamental, individual particle of an
element) and the characteristics of its components.
Atoms consist of electrons, protons, and neutrons. [1] Some properties of these subatomic particles are summarized
in Table 1.3 "Properties of Subatomic Particles*", which illustrates three important points.
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