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<strong>The</strong> <strong>Isis</strong> <strong>Papers</strong><br />
In Life Against Death, Norman 0. Brown asserts:<br />
No wonder economic quality is beyond <strong>the</strong> endurance of modem<br />
democratic man: <strong>the</strong> house, <strong>the</strong> car, <strong>the</strong> bank balance are his<br />
immortality symbols. Or, put ano<strong>the</strong>r way, if a black man moves next<br />
door, it is not merely that your house diln]nishes in real estate value,<br />
but that you diminish in fullness on <strong>the</strong> level of visible immortality -<br />
and so you die.<br />
, In his essay "<strong>The</strong> On<strong>to</strong>genesis of <strong>the</strong> Interest in Money" (<strong>The</strong><br />
Psychology of Gambling, edited by Jon Halliday and Peter Fuller), Sandor<br />
Ferenczi states,<br />
Every psychoanalyst is familiar with <strong>the</strong> symbolic meaning of money<br />
that was discovered by Freud. Whenever <strong>the</strong> archaic way of thinking<br />
has prevailed or still prevails, in <strong>the</strong> old civilizations, in myths,<br />
fairytales, superstitions, in unconscious thinking, in dreams and in<br />
neuroses, money has been brought in<strong>to</strong> <strong>the</strong> closest connection with<br />
filth!<br />
Ferenczi outlines in some detail his own view of <strong>the</strong> transformation of<br />
anal-erotic interest in<strong>to</strong> monetarY interest, wherein <strong>the</strong> individual ends by<br />
being able <strong>to</strong> possess something of color that has value, is hard (and not<br />
soft), it nei<strong>the</strong>r has odor nor causes <strong>the</strong> person who <strong>to</strong>uches it <strong>to</strong> be soiled<br />
or dirty.<br />
Edmund Bergler, author of Money and Emotional Conflict, states,<br />
Money neurosis can be found in every country. every culture, every<br />
group of any given society; <strong>the</strong>refore it cannot be used <strong>to</strong> prove<br />
anythmg against our system of free enterprise. For money neurosis is<br />
a by-product arising independently of any external system.<br />
In sharp contrast <strong>to</strong> <strong>the</strong> above quotations and viewpoints on<br />
Emest Becker, in his work Escape From Evil, relates an African view<br />
money:<br />
Recently I have heard Bantu of <strong>the</strong> old school say, with reference <strong>to</strong><br />
our modem products, <strong>the</strong> Europeanized evolves, '<strong>The</strong>se are men of<br />
Paper Money and Gold<br />
lupe<strong>to</strong> (money)'. <strong>The</strong>y have explained<br />
young men of ours know nothin b <strong>to</strong> me that <strong>the</strong> Europeanized<br />
possessing any value ~ g ut money, that it is <strong>the</strong> only thing<br />
hil .or <strong>the</strong>m Th .<br />
p osophy ...for a philosophy of . ey ... give up <strong>the</strong>ir Bantu<br />
ideal, <strong>the</strong>ir end and th money. Money is <strong>the</strong>ir one and onl<br />
. e supreme ultimat .. Y<br />
actlOns .... Everything has be d e norm ... regulating <strong>the</strong>ir<br />
modem universal rule of con:~ct· esltroyed( by this new value, this<br />
· upe<strong>to</strong> money).<br />
<strong>The</strong>se intriguing remarks can be unders<strong>to</strong>od<br />
beneath <strong>the</strong> surface <strong>to</strong> comprehe d h only when we probe deep<br />
at <strong>the</strong> unconscious level of th n w atmoney(papermoney)represents<br />
e symbol - a level f d<br />
suspected by Sigmund Freud T f 11<br />
ar eeper than ever<br />
depth of <strong>the</strong> Western self-i . o u ~ un~e~tand, one must examine <strong>the</strong><br />
N<br />
mage and Its ongm<br />
o c 1 earer statement of <strong>the</strong> Western .<br />
that expressed by essayist Samuel Lan :If-concept need be found than<br />
Made Twain. In "Skin Deep " o f g om Clemmens, .known <strong>to</strong> all as<br />
D • ne o a collecti f<br />
amned Human Race, Twain described on. o essays entitled <strong>The</strong><br />
commenting on <strong>the</strong>ir costwn d a ga<strong>the</strong>nng of people in India<br />
es an complexions as follows: ,<br />
... <strong>The</strong> company present...made a fme sh<br />
eworks, so <strong>to</strong> speak · th<br />
ow, an exhibition of human<br />
fir<br />
brilliant color.... ' m e maners of costumes and cominglings of<br />
I could have wished <strong>to</strong> start a rival e ...<br />
and clo<strong>the</strong>s. It would have b :mition <strong>the</strong>re, of Christian hats<br />
devilish spectacle Th <strong>the</strong>en a deous exhibition, a thorough!<br />
· en erewould th Y<br />
sa vantage of <strong>the</strong> white . no ave been <strong>the</strong> added<br />
did un 1 complex 10 n It ·<br />
p easantcomplexion when itk : lS not an unbearably<br />
?~petition with masses of bro~ps <strong>to</strong> Itself, but when it comes in<strong>to</strong><br />
It lS endurable only because we and black. <strong>the</strong> fact is betrayed that<br />
brown skins are beautiful b t beare ~ed <strong>to</strong> lt. Nearly all black and<br />
d<br />
ar<br />
k<br />
complexions are massed<br />
u<br />
<strong>the</strong><br />
a autiful<br />
w<br />
hi<br />
te skin<br />
· ·<br />
lS rare .... Where<br />
unwholesome, and sometimes :::::-e <strong>the</strong> whites look bleached out,<br />
down South in <strong>the</strong> slavery da b fi y ghastly. I could notice this<br />
satin skin of <strong>the</strong> SouthAfric ~ I e ore <strong>the</strong> war. <strong>The</strong> splendid black<br />
very close <strong>to</strong> perfection. an u us of Durban seemed <strong>to</strong> me <strong>to</strong> come<br />
heard from a 19th century Am encan . essay· t 1 .<br />
statement published in th fi<br />
IS • et us now hsten<br />
e mal quarter of <strong>the</strong> 20th century<br />
196<br />
197