A “Toolbox” for Forensic Engineers

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7.6.7 Inspection of Other Tanks 251 7.6.8 Other Tank Failures 252 7.7 Conclusions 253 References 254 8 Accidents in the Workplace 255 8.1 Explosion in a Foundry 255 8.1.1 The Accident 255 8.1.2 Investigations 257 8.1.3 The Pleadings 258 8.1.4 Outcome 260 8.2 Accident with a Pressure Die-Casting Machine 261 8.2.1 The Accident 261 8.2.2 Outcome 263 8.3 Eye Injuries 264 8.3.1 Eye Injury While Replacing Clutch Plate 265 8.3.2 Lath Axe 267 8.3.3 Printer’s Drying Frame 270 8.4 Ladder Accidents 273 8.4.1 The Material Evidence 273 8.4.2 Ladder Stability 275 8.4.3 Reconstruction 275 8.4.4 Coefficient of Friction 276 8.4.5 Repose Angle 277 8.4.6 Stability Experiments 278 8.4.7 Conclusions 281 8.4.8 Workplace Accident 282 8.4.9 Ladder Accidents and Design Improvements 284 References 286 9 Failure of Medical Implements 287 9.1 Introduction 287 9.2 The Body as a Working Environment 288 9.3 Design and Per<strong>for</strong>mance Criteria 288 9.3.1 Per<strong>for</strong>mance 289 9.3.2 Design Attributes 289 9.4 Hip Joint Failures 290 9.4.1 Fatigue Failure of Prosthetic Hip Components 290 xxi
9.4.2 Failure in Femoral Stem of Total Hip Prosthesis 292 9.4.3 Manufacturing Contamination of Acetabular Hip Shells 293 9.4.4 Corrosion of a Polished Titanium Alloy Femoral Stem 295 9.5 Catheter Failures 297 9.5.1 Fracture of a TPE Catheter 297 9.5.2 Fracture of a Breast Tissue Expander 298 9.6 Examination of Needle Recovered from Upper Thigh 303 9.6.1 Outcome 305 9.7 A Defective Breathing Tube 305 9.7.1 Outcome 306 9.8 Failure of Surgical Tweezers 307 9.8.1 In-Plane Cracking of Surgical Tweezers 307 9.8.2 Production Failure of Titanium (Ti-6Al-4V) Ophthalmic Tweezers 310 9.9 A Failed Crutch 313 9.10 Failure of Nerve Probe during Surgical Procedure 315 9.10.1 Outcome 316 References 317 10 Component Failure in Road Traffic Accidents 319 10.1 Steering Arm from Truck 320 10.1.1 The Accident 320 10.1.2 Investigations 323 10.1.3 Alternative Explanation 10.1.4 Further Examples of Steering Shaft Failures 325 from Motor Vehicle Accidents 326 10.2 Wheel Detachments 328 10.3 Brake Pipe Failures 331 10.3.1 Brake Failure by Fatigue 332 10.3.2 Failure of a Plastic Pipe 335 10.4 Lamp Filaments 335 10.4.1 Failure Mechanisms 336 10.4.2 Motorcycle Accident 338 10.5 Tow Hitches 340 10.5.1 Trailer Accident 340 10.5.2 Tow Bolt Fatigue 344 xxii
Page 5 and 6: Library of Congress Cataloging-in-P
Page 8 and 9: Preface Case studies of product fai
Page 10 and 11: could not be simpler in shape, they
Page 12 and 13: Acknowledgments We thank The Open U
Page 14 and 15: The Authors Peter R. Lewis, Ph.D.,
Page 16: Laboratories of Imperial College of
Page 19 and 20: 3 Establishing the Load Transfer Pa
Page 21: 6.5.2 A Problem in Eire 197 6.5.3 M
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Materials in Distress 47 Figure 2.1
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Failure of Medical Implements 9.1 I
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A “Toolbox” for Forensic Engineers

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